• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.137-153
• /
• 2008

This research analyzed the contents of the elementary and middle school home economics textbooks within the 7th Curriculum from two theoretical Perspectives: structural functionalism and healthy family. A quantitative and in-depth content analysis was carried out with the five elements of family structure, family role, family relation, communication, dating and pregnancy. A healthy family Perspective was found in relation to the elements of family type and family role from the in-depth analysis of the elementary school practical arts textbook. In the middle school textbooks, the five elements reflected a strong structural-functionalist tendency. In both levels, the quantitative content analysis indicated that a structural-functionalist viewpoint was prevalent in the graphical components of the textbooks, including pictures, diagrams and graphs.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.26-31
• /
• 2012

We have proposed a metamaterial lens that enables sub-wavelength focusing, which is shorter than an operating wavelength. Our lens is a two dimensional array of a unit cell consisting of a metallic dual-plate printed on a dielectric substrate. The unique dual-plate structure provides negativeness both in permittivity and permeability, with no help from conventional additional structures, which are normally printed on the opposite of metallic patterns. Therefore, we can focus a source (or an image) in a tiny distance shorter than the free space wavelength (${\lambda}$) at the frequencies of interest. Furthermore, since the proposed geometry does not need separate supplementary structures to acquire negative permittivity or permeability, our lens is much simpler than conventional metamaterial lenses, which is a strong point in practical applications. We have validated sub-wavelength focusing ability in a 6 GHz frequency band through an experiment of near field scanning, which provided the width of about 0.19 ${\lambda}$ at a half maximum of a peak value of an measured image. The width of the focused image through the lens is more than 4 times shorter than that without the lens, which confirms the validity of our design approach.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• autumn
• /
• pp.565-568
• /
• 2003

Roadway construction planning processes involve a large amount of information on design, construction methods, quantities, unit costs, and production rates. GIS (Geographic Information System) is a strong tool for integration and managing various types of information such as spatial and non-spatial data required for roadway construction planning. This paper proposes a GIS-based system for improving roadway construction planning with its 'Spatial Analysis' and 'Visualization' functions. The proposed system cail help construction planner make a proper decision in a unique way by integrating design information and construction information within the system and creating design element modules for space scheduling purposes in real-time with its 'Interactive Planning' function.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2008.11a
• /
• pp.382-384
• /
• 2008

D-TRS is a method of wireless communication. This method will be able to use several frequency for multiple user used chanel together. TETRA of D-TRS technology is not rented network. Using TETRA network has the strong point which cost better than CDMA network of rental network. Master server of SCADA(Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) system is realtime supervise control and a data acquire the control system or the RTU(Remote Terminal Unit). The present paper is developed and proposal the gateway platform for electronic power backbone network based on D-TRS. This gateway platform is converted DNP3.0 messages with TETRA PDU and converted TETRA PDU with DNP3.0 messages. Master server and FRTU will be able to send and receive DNP3.0 message via TETRA network using this gateway platform.

• Biomedical Science Letters
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.215-219
• /
• 2016

The problems of tuberculosis and its drug resistance are very severe. Therefore, rapid and accurate drug susceptibility assay is required. Recently, there has been an increased understanding of the genetic mechanism of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) drug resistance as well as advancement of molecular technologies. While many gene mutations correlate well with drug resistance, many genes do not show a strong correlation with drug resistance. For this reason, the current study assessed the utility of rpoB mRNA as a target to detect live mycobacteria. In this study, RT-PCR targeting of rpoB mRNA in BCG treated with rifampin was performed. Conventional RT-PCR and real-time PCR targeting rpoB mRNA as well as 85B mRNA was performed to determine whether these two methods could distinguish between viable and non-viable MTB. The levels of rpoB and 85B mRNA detected by RT- PCR were compared in parallel with colony forming unit counts of BCG that were treated with rifampin for different periods of time. The data suggests that that even though both mRNA levels of rpoB and 85B decreased gradually when rifampin-treatment increased, the rpoB mRNA seemed to represent live bacteria better than 85B mRNA. This study clearly indicates that RT-PCR is a good method to monitor viable cell counts in the liquid culture treated with the anti-tuberculosis drug.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.52 no.5
• /
• pp.27-35
• /
• 2010

The characteristics of delivered nutrient loads were analyzed and the regression equations to estimate delivery ratios of nutrients (TN and TP) were developed using HSPF simulation results at six subwatersheds within the Bochung A unit watershed during 1998-2007. TN delivery ratio was higher than TP delivery ratio because significant amounts of TP was considered to be attached at soil as ${PO_4}^-$ during delivery process from discharged point of nutrient source to main stream. As a results of correlation analysis, factors related to geomorphic characteristics had not statistical correlation with TN and TP delivery ratios. TN loading rate from living and specific stream flow had statistical negative and positive correlation, respectively, with TN delivery ratio. TP loading rates from all sources and from land cover and specific stream flow had statistical negative, negative and positive correlation, respectively. The specific stream flow represents the most strong correlation with nutrient delivery ratios. The regression equations to estimate delivery ratios for TN and TP were developed by including statistical correlated factors and showed high efficiency of 0.98 and 0.95 of coefficient of determination for TN and TP, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.42 no.3
• /
• pp.297-301
• /
• 2009

The water temperature from 1980 to 2000 and the anchovy catch from 1990 to 2000 in the southeastern portion of the South Sea of Korea were used to illustrate the influence of water temperature on the catch of the anchovy, Engraulis japonica. 1993 and 1998 were selected as poor and good fishing years therefore, the horizontal and vertical distribution of water temperature and catch per unit effort in these years was compared. When the anchovy catch was lower, the water temperature at 10 m was also about $0-2^{\circ}C$ lower than during a normal year, which resulted in the formation of a weak thermocline. Conversely, when the anchovy catch was higher, the water temperature at 10m was $0-2^{\circ}C$ greater than during a normal year, which resulted in the formation of a strong thermocline at around 20 m.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.151-157
• /
• 2004

In January the clo-values show two characteristic patterns on the insulation, Samjiyon has the highest clo-values while Changjon has the lowest in North Korea, and the coastal areas are lower than in the interior areas. This regional difference is a result of predominant temperature, wind speed and orographic effects. Particularly, in August the coastal areas are generally lower than the interior areas because of orographic effects(wind direction, wind speed). All regions except Samjiyon legions and northern interior regions have low values during the period from the early August to the middle of August. These are largely derived from the stable weather with the highest temperature, humidity and strong radiation by the North Pacific Anticyclone appears in Eastern Asia.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.1-20
• /
• 2016

Causal inference methodologies have been developed for the past decade to estimate the unconfounded effect of an exposure under several key assumptions. These assumptions include, but are not limited to, the stable unit treatment value assumption, the strong ignorability of treatment assignment assumption, and the assumption that propensity scores be bounded away from zero and one (the positivity assumption). Of these assumptions, the first two have received much attention in the literature. Yet the positivity assumption has been recently discussed in only a few papers. Propensity scores of zero or one are indicative of deterministic exposure so that causal effects cannot be defined for these subjects. Therefore, these subjects need to be removed because no comparable comparison groups can be found for such subjects. In this paper, using currently available causal inference methods, we evaluate the effect of arbitrary cutoffs in the distribution of propensity scores and the impact of those decisions on bias and efficiency. We propose a tree-based method that performs well in terms of bias reduction when the definition of positivity is based on a single confounder. This tree-based method can be easily implemented using the statistical software program, R. R code for the studies is available online.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.22-27
• /
• 1991

4-Amino-n-(2,6-dimethyk4-pyrimidnyl) benzenesulfonamide, C12H14N402. Unit cell parameters are a =12.626, b=11.262, c=9.375, a:b:r=90°, V =1333.07h3, D,at=1.390 g /cm3, and λ(Cu-Ka)=1.5418, The space group is Pca21, Orthorhombic. The final R factor of 1068 unique observed reflections is R=0.040. Two pair of molecules which related by symmetry operation has strong hydrogen bond. One is between H(N2) and N(3), and the other is H(NIA) and 0(1).