• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.2283-2296
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• 1995

Experiments of normal shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction were conducted in a supersonic diffuser. The flow Mach number just upstream of the normal shock wave was in the range of 1.10 to 1.70 and Reynolds number based upon the turbulent boundary layer thickness was varied in the range of 2.2*10$^{[-994]}$ -4.4*10$^{[-994]}$ . The wall pressures in streamwise and spanwise directions were measured for two test cases, in which the turbulent boundary layer thickness incoming into the supersonic diffuser was changed. The results show that the interactions of normal shock wave with turbulent boundary layer in the supersonic diffuser can be divided into three patterns, i.e., transonic interaction, weak interaction and strong interaction, depending on Mach number. The weak interactions generate the post-shock expansion which its strength is strong as the Mach number increases and the strong interactions form the pseudo-shock waves. From the spanwise measurements of wall pressure, it is known that if the flow Mach number is low, the interacting flow fields essentially appear two-dimensional, but they have an apparent 3-dimensionality for the higher Mach numbers.

• 한국자기공명학회논문지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2019

Studies on the interactions of proteins with partner molecules at the atomic resolution are essential for understanding the biological function of proteins in cells and for developing drug molecules. Solution NMR spectroscopy has shown remarkably useful capability for investigating properties on the weak to strong intermolecular interactions in both diluted and crowded solution such as cell lysates. Of note, the state-of-the-art in-cell NMR method has made it possible to obtain atomistic information on natures of intermolecular interactions between target proteins with partner molecules in living cells. In this mini-review, we comprehensively describe the several technological advances and developments in the in-cell NMR spectroscopy.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가시화정보학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1-7
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• 2004

When a vortex diffracts upon encountering a vortex, many strong and weak waves are produced in the course of interaction. They are the cause of shock wave attenuation and noise production. This phenomenon is fundamental to understanding the more complex supersonic turbulent Jet noise. In this paper we have reviewed the research on shock-vortex interaction we have carried on last seven years. We have computationally investigated the parameter effect. When a shock is strong, shock diffraction pattern becomes complex since the slip lines from the triple points on Mach stem curl into the vortex, causing an entropy layer. When the vortex is unstable, vortexlets are brought about each of which make shock diffraction of a reduced intensity. Strong vortex produces quadrupole noise as it impinges into a vortex. Elementary interaction models such as shock splitting, shock reflection, and shock penetration are presented based on shock tube experiment. These models are also verified by computational approach. They easily explain production and propagation of the aforementioned quadrupole noise, Diverging acoustics are explained in terms of shock-vortexlet interactions for which a computational model Is constructed.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.13-17
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• 2003

The longitudinal magnetooptical Kerr effect was used to analyse magnetic domains in soft magnetic ${(Fe_{97}A1_3)}_{85}N_{15}$/$Al_{2}O_{3}$ multilayers in order to get microscopic understanding of interlayer exchange coupling. The measuring system consists of a Kerr microscope, a CCIR camera (with an 8-bit framegrabber), 16 bit digital camera and computer system for real-time image processing and to control external magnetic field and cameras. The strength of ferromagnetic (EM) coupling as a function of the spacer thickness of $Al_2O_3$ was investigated. It was found that strong FM-coupling, strong uniaxial anisotropy and coherent rotation of the magnetization have been observed for the spacer thickness in the range of 0.2 nm $\leq$ t $\leq$ 1 m, however, weak FM-coupling, patch domains and $360^{\circ}$-walls occur for the spacer thickness of t = 2.5 nm. At a spacer thickness of t $\geq$ 5 nm transition takes place from weak FM-coupling to the decoupled state where complex interlayer interactions and different types of the domain walls were observed.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.476-489
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• 2016

In the present study, squeezing flow of micropolar nanofluid between parallel infinite disks in the presence of magnetic field perpendicular to plane of the disks is taken into account. The constitutive equations that govern the flow configuration are converted into nonlinear ordinary differential with the help of suitable similarity transforms. HAM package BVPh2.0 has been employed to solve the nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations. Effects of different emerging parameters like micropolar parameter K, squeezed Reynolds number R, Hartmann number M, Brownian motion parameter Nb, thermophoresis parameter Nt, Lewis number Le for dimensionless velocities, temperature distribution and concentration profile are also discussed graphically. In the presence of strong and weak interaction (i.e. n = 0 and n = 0.5), numerical values of skin friction coefficient, wall stress coefficient, local Nusselt number and local Sherwood number are presented in tabulated form. To check the validity and reliability of the developed algorithm BVPh2.0 a numerical investigation is also a part of this study.

• 천문학회보
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.73.1-73.1
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• 2019

We investigate the evolution of the galactic spin of spiral galaxies in various dynamical situations using the N-body/SPH simulations. To do this we first construct a Milky Way-like galaxy model. Then we perform both prograde and retrograde encounters between the spiral galaxy pair. We also conduct a simulation with our galaxy model in isolation for comparison. We find that the circular motion of the disk stars in the inner region of the galaxy decrease clearly when the galaxy experiences strong prograde interactions. Such decrease has not found when the galaxy experiences weak or no interactions. We compare our simulation results with recent observational studies on the galactic spins.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.232-240
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• 1986

본 연구에서는 대향류 유동장에서 두 예혼합화염의 후류 상호작용을 Fig.1 과 같은 계를 이용하여 일반적인 Lewis수에 대하여 접합 점근 전개 방법으로 해석하 여, 강한 상호작용을 나타내는 구간의 변화가 확산선호도의 영향임을 규명하고, 화염 스트레치가 상호 작용하는 예혼합화염의 소화특성에 미치는 영향을 파악하였다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.137-153
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• 2022

In the process of promoting policies to strengthen health insurance coverage, the relationship between public health insurance and private health insurance, along with the management of non-benefit, is also emphasized as a policy issue. First, the concept and scope of non-benefit were comparatively analyzed by country. Second, the interaction between the public and private health insurance was classified as 'large or small,' and the government's regulation and management policy on private health insurance was classified as 'strong or weak.' Korea has relatively smaller benefits covered by public health insurance, higher copayment expenses, and more areas and scope of non-benefits. In countries where the interaction between public and private health insurance is small, private health insurance-related policies are weak. And in countries with large interactions had public-private partnerships and the government's management policies were also strong. On the other hand, Korea has a large interaction, but the actual structure of cooperation between public and private insurance and management policies were weak. Because the non-benefit sector in Korea is relatively wide, it is difficult to manage compared to other countries where the concept of non-benefit is limited. In addition, the health authorities rarely perform the role of supervision over private health insurance, and they have so few linkages and cooperation for public-private insurance. Therefore, practical policy enforcement is necessary to achieve the easing of the burden of national medical expenses through linkage and cooperation of public-private health insurance with reference to relevant other countries' cases.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.97-109
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• 2014

사용자들이 콘텐츠를 매개로 하여 의견이나 관점, 경험 등을 공유하고, 사용자들 간의 상호작용을 촉진시키는 온라인 서비스를 소셜미디어라고 한다. 본 연구는 소셜미디어 사용자들의 공유 행동과 사용자 간 상호작용을 이해하는데 중요하다고 판단되는 약한 유대관계에 초점을 맞추어 사회 연결망 이론과 불확실성 감소 이론을 기반으로 약한 유대관계의 형성에 영향을 미치는 주요 요인들을 탐색적으로 도출하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 본 연구에서는 다이어리 조사와 심층 인터뷰 등의 정성적 연구를 실시하였으며, 수집된 데이터를 근거이론 방법론에 따라 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과, 소셜미디어에서는 강한 유대관계 보다 약한 유대관계를 통한 공유와 상호작용이 활발히 이루어지는 것을 발견할 수 있었다. 또한 유사성과 자기개방, 그리고 관련성이 소셜미디어 사용자 간 심리적 거리감을 줄이고 이는 소셜미디어 사용자들이 느끼는 불확실성을 감소시킴으로써 약한 유대관계의 형성을 촉진시키는 것으로 나타났다.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.199-204
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• 2013

Syntenin is an adaptor molecule containing 2 PDZ domains which mediate molecular interactions with diverse integral or cytoplasmic proteins. Most of the results on the biological function of syntenin were obtained from studies with malignant cells, necessitating exploration into the role of syntenin in normal cells. To understand its role in normal cells, we investigated expression and function of syntenin in human lymphoid tissue and cells in situ and in vitro. Syntenin expression was denser in the germinal center than in the extrafollicular area. Inside the germinal center, syntenin expression was obvious in follicular dendritic cells (FDCs). Flow cytometric analysis with isolated cells confirmed a weak expression of syntenin in T and B cells and a strong expression in FDCs. In FDC-like cells, HK cells, most syntenin proteins were found in the cytoplasm compared to weak expression in the nucleus. To study the function of syntenin in FDC, we examined its role in the focal adhesion of HK cells by depleting syntenin by siRNA technology. Knockdown of syntenin markedly impaired focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation in HK cells. These results suggest that syntenin may play an important role in normal physiology as well as in cancer pathology.