• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.15-21
• /
• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality type and oral hygiene controllability. Methods: Four hundred eighty-two college students in Gyeonggi-do completed the Myers-Briggs type indicator (MBTI) and a questionnaire and collected data were analyzed by SAS 9.2 program. Results: Compared to extroverted subjects, a significantly increased percentage of introverted subjects demonstrated oral malodor and stress (p<0.05). Tongue coating and stress seemed to occur the most frequently in intuition-feeling (NF) type, while oral malodor seemed to occur the most frequently in sensation-feeling (SF) type among four fuctional types. Tongue coating and stress seemed to occur the most frequently in NF type, while oral malodor seemed to occur the most frequently in sensation-perceiving (SP) type among four temperaments. Significantly increased mean scales of tongue scraping index and oral hygiene controllability index were found for extroverts (p<0.05). Mean scales of tooth brushing index and oral hygiene controllability index appeared to be the highest in NF type among four fuctional types. Mean scales of tongue scraping index and oral hygiene controllability index appeared to be the highest in sensation-judging (SJ) type among four temperaments. Conclusions: Oral hygiene controllability was associated with personality type and it is necessary to develop oral health education program considering personality type.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2013

In this study, we propose a fiber-optic hydrogen sensor using a polarization-diversity loop configuration composed of a polarization beam splitter, two quarter-wave plates, and a polarization-maintaining fiber coated with palladium whose thickness is ~400nm. One transmission dip of the output interference spectrum of the proposed sensor, chosen as a sensor indicator, was observed to spectrally shift with the increase of the hydrogen concentration, and the sensing indicator showed a wavelength shift of ~2.48nm at a hydrogen concentration of 4%. Except for a hydrogen concentration of 4%, the response time of the proposed sensor was measured as less than 12.5s and did not show significant dependence on the hydrogen concentration. In particular, the proposed fiber hydrogen sensor is more durable and highly resistant to external stress applied on a transverse axis of an optical fiber, compared with other hydrogen sensors based on side-polished fibers or fiber gratings.

• Journal of fish pathology
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.361-368
• /
• 2023

Juveniles of the white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Weight 0.18±0.08 g) were exposed to nitrite-N at 0, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/L for 72 hours, and the lethal concentration, heamolymph and genes regulation were evaluated. The lethal concentration 50 (LC₅₀) of L. vannamei exposed to nitrite-N was 141.2 mg/L at 25℃ and 33 psu. In Total protein, total cholesterol, and BUN in heamolymph temporarily increased after the start of the experiment and then stabilized, but glucose, an indicator of stress, decreased over time in the entire experimental group, and creatines, an indicator of tissue damage, decreased with nitrite concentration until the first 12 hours. The genes of immune-related showed that masquerade-like serine proteinase(Mas) increased at 50 and 400 ppm for 24 hours, and then gradually decreased depending on concentration. In the case of prophenoloxidase, it was highest at 400 ppm for 40 hours, and other genes(Ras-related nuclear protein, Masquerade-like serine proteinase, proPO-activating enzyme) showed a response for 48 hours and then gradually decreased. The results of this study indicate that exposure to nitrite can affect the survival and hematological physiology of L. vannamei.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.102 no.4
• /
• pp.530-536
• /
• 2013

This study aimed to analyze and compare results from psychological relaxations by using profile of mood state (POMS) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) level as a scale of oxidative damage before and after walking in the forest and on the street. 29 participations (15 men and 14 women) walked in the forest and on the street for 30 minutes of each for two days. The participations filled a questionnaire for POMS and conducted an heart rate variability test, oxidative damage test (MDA as biological marker through a urine test) before and after walking. To compare the psychological states after walking in the two difference places, walking in the forest showed statistically more meaningful results in the section of tension, depression, anger, fatigue, confuse and total mood disturbance (p<0.01) than walking on the street. According to the MDA results, a concentration of MDA showed significant increase after walking on the street (p=0.014). On the contrary to this, a concentration of MDA tended to decrease after walking in the forest (p=0.076). The study showed that the psychological states were more stable and oxidative damages were more decreasing after walking in the forest than walking on the street. In the conclusion, MDA would be biological indicator for assessing the effect of alleviation on the oxidative stress after walking in the forest.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.65-70
• /
• 1996

Water potential which is an physical chemistry and thermodynamic indicator expressed water status of plant root, stem and fruit could be use as a useful indicator for growth control of hydroponically grown muskmelon plant. Linear relationship was observed between EC and water potential of nutrient solution, consequently increment of EC related to the decreasing water potential and resulted with the alteration of water potential and solute potential of upper leaves. Rapid reduction in growth was observed in over 5${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ of Cu concentration in the media and same tendency was recorded in the shoot fresh weight, root dry weight and chlorophyll content. Increment of Cu concentration in the nutrient solution leads to lower the growth rate and then the water potential of upper leaves. Turgor pressure was not affected the growth of hydroponically grown muskmelon and also Cu concentration of nutrient solution was not recognized the direct relationship to the growth characteristics of muskmelon. These results demonstrated that water potential of nutrient solution can be use as an useful indicator for water physiological comparison of plant growth in hydroponically grown muskmelon.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
• /
• v.42 no.2
• /
• pp.154-166
• /
• 2004

Statement of problem: In distal extension removable partial denture, the preservation of health of abutment teeth are very important, but they are always subjected to unfavorable stress. Purpose: The purpose of this study was performed to investigate the effects of abutment splinting and design of direct retainer on the stress distribution of abutments in unilateral distal extension removable partial dentures. Material and method: Abutments were splinted by different method. In group 1, autment teeth were not splinted, in group 2, canine and 1st premolar were splinted, and in group 3, canine, 1st and 2nd premolars were all splinted. Three different types of direct retainer such as Akers clasp, RPI clasp, and wrought wire clasp were designed. Strain was measured with Switch & Balance Unit(SB-10, Measurement Group Instruments Division, Raleigh USA) and Strain Indicator(P-3500, Measurement Group Instruments Division, Raleigh, USA) 15kg of vertical and oblique loads was applied at central fossa of missing 2nd molar area. Results : The strain on lingual side of 2nd premolar was the greatest, and abutment splinting induced decrease of strain on buccolingual side of 2nd premolar. The strain of loaded area was decreased by abutment splinting and there was no statistical difference of strain between Group2 and Group 3, and strain on 2nd premolar in wrought wire clasp was the least. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, splinting of two distal abutment teeth is enough for stress distribution widely, and wrought wire clasp was more benefitable than others.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.115-118
• /
• 2000

The production of cultured coho salmon (Oncorhpchus kisutoh) in Korea has being increased year after year. Smolt being reared in freshwater suffer transferring into seawater and are farmed in cages for fattening. This handling processes including transportation, confinement into cages are unavoidable stress to fish in salmon farming and often end up to mass mortality, This study aimed to investigate the impact of handling process on the stress responses of coho salmon. The indicator of stress was measured by cortisol to be a first response, and for the second response test, glucose, triBlyceride, cholesterol, lactate and electrolyte of $K^+, Na^+, Cl^-$ in serum and the activities of alanine aminotrtnferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were analyzed. As a result, the concentration of cortisol, glucose as well as LDH activity were significantly increased, whereas others showed no difference comparing with control group. It obviously demonstrated that handling process made fish stressful.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.35 no.9
• /
• pp.919-925
• /
• 2002

Iron deficiency is a severe nutritional problem in the world. Coffee intake of the people is increasing every year and it can increase the loss of several essential body minerals including iron. Either iron deficiency or coffee intake may increase the oxidative stress of the body. However, the effect of iron deficiency and/or coffee intake on peroxidation have not been studied much. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of coffee intake on oxidative stress and antioxidative enzyme activities of iron-deficient rats. Forty-eight male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain were divided into two groups by dietary iron levels. Iron deficient group were fed 5 ppm iron diet and iron-sufficient group were fed 50 ppm iron diet. Each iron group were divided into three sub-groups by coffee levels (0%, 1%, 4%) included in the experimental diet. The experimental diets were fed for 4 weeks. The hemoglobin level was significantly low in iron deficient group and the level was exacerbated by high coffee intake. The malondialdehyde concentration of the plasma and liver were not affected by iron or coffee level in this study. However, plasma aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, the indicator of the liver damage, were increased by high coffee intake. The erythrocyte and liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were elevated in iron deficient groups. Coffee intake increased erythrocyte SOD activity in iron sufficient groups. Glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities were not influenced much by either iron or coffee intake. In conclusion, high coffee intake in iron deficiency may not only increase the anemia symptoms, but also may increase the oxidative stress of the body.(Korean J Nutrition 35(9) : 919~925, 2002)

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.433-438
• /
• 2004

Stress response to the seawater acclimation in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) smolt was investigated. Salt concentration of rearing water was gradually increased for 3 days from freshwater to seawater (30 ppt salt level). The changes of serum concentrations of cortisol as a primary stress indicator, and as secondary indicators, glucose (GLC), lactate (LAC), triglyce.ide (TG), cholesterol (CHOL), sodium ion $(Na^+)$, chloride ion $(Cl^-)$ and enzyme activities (alanine aminotransferase, ALT: aspartate aminotrasferase, AST; lactate dehydrogenase, LDH) were quantified during the acclimation experiment. Among them, cortisol, LAC, TG, CHOL, ALT, AST concentrations showed rapid increase at the first exposure to the 10ppt salt level (day 1), and began to decrease to the constant values after day 2 of adaptation at 20ppt salt level. However, LDH concentration tended to decrease during the whole experimental period. $Na^+\;and\;Cl^-$ showed slight decrease at day 1, and increased to a little bit higher values after day 2 rather than those in freshwater. All the fishes started on taking a food after day 4 of seawater adaptation. From these results, to reduce osmotic shock inducible stress to fish in seawater acclimation, gradual increase of salt levels is recommended.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.47 no.1
• /
• pp.105-117
• /
• 2020

Abiotic stress is one of the most serious problems in plant productivity because it dramatically delays plant growth and development. One of the abiotic stresses, soil salinity, has an adverse effect on plant growth, particularly in areas where irrigation is necessary like semiarid Asia and Africa. Among several physiological parameters, anthocyanin accumulation is a valuable indicator of the condition of the plant, and it tends to increase under salt stress conditions because of its protective role in such an environment. Consequently, it may be important to search for well adapted genotypes for upcoming climate changes. Anthocyanins are known to have important roles in defense against biotic and abiotic stresses, providing important functions for protecting plant cells from reactive oxygen species. In this study, we investigated the anthocyanin accumulation between two Korean sorghum genotypes, Sodamchal and Nampungchal. The two genotypes were subjected to a regulated salinity condition, and the anthocyanin contents were evaluated in both. In Nampungchal, the anthocyanin content increased with 150 mM NaCl treatment during the time course of the experiment. However, the anthocyanin content of Sodamchal decreased in the same condition. The measured values of the anthocyanin content should be useful to identify the intensity of the salt tolerance in Sorghum bicolor L. Furthermore, we studied gene expression profiling of salt stress related genes with qRT-PCR. These results suggest that Nampungchal is a more tolerant genotype to salt stress compared to Sodamchal. This information should be useful for breeding salt-resistant cultivars in sorghum.