• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.210-217
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• 1996

Under strong shock loads including earthquake or blast, structures may start to crack in stress concentrated members. The continuous behavior of the structure changes to the discontinuous. In this study, numerical method analyzing continuous and discontinuous behavior of a structure is developed using a modified distinct element method. Equations of motion of each distinct element are integrated using the central difference method, one of the finite difference methods. Interactions between he elements are considered by an element and pore spring. The forces acting in the center of an element include contact stress transferred by element spring; tensile stress by pore spring; and external traction such as earthquake or blast load. To verify the proposed method, the behavior of the cantilever beam subject to the quasi-static concentrated force at the end is investigated. The failure behavior of the simply supported beam subject to the strong shock at the center is studied. The proposed method can predict the failure behavior of the structure due to the shock loading and the post-failure discontinuous behavior of the structure.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.229-237
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• 2012

In this study, the failure mechanism of sandwich-to-laminate T-joints under pull-off loading was investigated by experiment and the finite element method. A total of 26 T-joint specimens were manufactured and tested in order to investigate the effects of both adhesive thickness (0.4, 2.0, and 4.0 mm) and environmental conditions on the failure of the joints. The results showed that failure occurred mainly as intralaminar failure in the first layer of the sandwich face, which was contacted to the paste adhesive. The failure load did not significantly change with increasing adhesive thickness in both RTD (Room Temperature and Dry) and ETW (Elevated Temperature and Wet) conditions. In the case of ETW conditions, however, the failure load increased slightly with an increase in adhesive thickness. The joints tested in ETW conditions had higher failure loads than those tested in RTD conditions. In addition to the experiment, a finite element analysis was also conducted to investigate the failure of the joint. The stress inside the first ply of the sandwich face was of interest because during the experiment, failure always occurred there. The analysis results showed good agreement with the trend of experimental results, except for the case of the smallest adhesive thickness. The highest stress was predicted in the regions where initial failure was observed in the experiment. The maximum stress was almost constant when the adhesive thickness was beyond 2 mm.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.79-91
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• 2017

An experimental study has been conducted by using the Cyclic Direct Simple Shear apparatus to evaluate the influence of average and cyclic shear stresses on the undrained shear failure behavior of marine silty sand considering various relative densities. The obtained results show that despite using different relative densities, similar trends were gained in the cyclic shear deformation. Moreover, the cyclic shear deformation is affected mainly by the average and cyclic shear stresses. The number of cyclic loads for failure is significantly affected by the cyclic shear stress ratio and relative density, and is less affected by the average shear stress ratio. The proposed three-dimensional stress-dependent failure contour can be used effectively to assess the soil shear strength considering various relative densities in the design of foundation used for offshore structures.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.65-72
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• 1978

In this paper, it is attempted to investigate the phenomena of iodine stress corrosion cracking of Zircaloy-4 cladding failures in reactor through the results of similar out-of-pile test in iodine vapour. The main result of this experiment is a finding of the relation between the threshold stress which can lead to iodine stress corrosion cracking of Zircaloy-4 tube and the iodine concentration. The values of critical stress and the critical iodine concentration are also obtained. A model which relates failure time of Zircaley-4 tube to failure stress and iodine concentration is suggested as follows: log t$_{F}$ =5.5-(3/2)log$_{c}$-4log $\sigma$ where t$_{F}$ : failure time, minutes c: iodne concentration, mg/㎤ $\sigma$: stress, 10$^4$psi.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.83-92
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• 1993

A series of drained triaxial tests on sand was performed using the cubical triaxial appaiatus, in which three principal stress could be loaded independently. The test results indicated that the intermediate principal stress influenced on both stress strain behavior and strength of sand. The axial strain at failure decreased and volumetric strain increased with an increase of the intermediate stress under constant minor principal stress. The internal friction angle of sand increased in general with increase of the deviator stress ratio b(=(G.:-c, )1(G, -G, )) except slight decrease of the internal friction angle as b value approached to 1. Finally Lade's failure criterion presented good coincidence with the exper imental strengttL while Mohr Coulomb failure criterion underestimated the experimental strength.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1169-1175
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• 2009

In this paper, the inferences of data obtained from periodic inspection and type I censoring for the step-stress accelerated life test are studied. The exponential distribution with a failure rate function that a log-linear function of stress and the tampered failure rate model are considered. The maximum likelihood estimators of the model parameters are estimated and also the optimal stress change time which minimize the asymptotic variance of maximum likelihood estimators of parameters is determined. A numerical example will be given to illustrate the proposed inferential procedures and the sensitivity of the asymptotic variance of the estimated mean by the guessed parameters is investigated.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.5-8
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanical characteristics of plain and steel fiber high strength concrete under uniaxial and biaxial loading condition. A number of plain and steel fiber high strength concrete cubes having 28 days compressive strength of 82.7Mpa (12,000psi) were made and tested. Four principal compression stress ratios, and four fiber concentrations were selected as major test variables. From test results, it is shown that confinement stress in minor stress direction has pronounced effect on the strength and deformational behavior. Both of the stiffness and ultimate strength of the plain and fiber high strength concrete increased. The maximum increase of ultimate strength occurred at biaxial stress ratio of 0.5 in the plain high strength concrete and the value were recorded 30 percent over than the strength under uniaxial condition. The failure modes of plain high strength concrete under uniaxial compression were shown as splitting type of failure but steel fiber concrete specimens under biaxial condition showed shear type failure.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.14-19
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• 2008

In the semiconductor IC(Integrated Circuit) package, the top surface of silicon chip is directly attached to the area of the leadframe with a double-sided adhesive layer, in which the base layer have the upper adhesive layer and the lower adhesive layer. The IC package structure has been known to encounter a thermo-mechanical failure mode such as delamination. This failure mode is due to the residual stress on the adhesive surface of silicon chip and leadframe in the curing-cooling process. The induced thermal stress in the curing process has an influence on the cooling residual stress on the silicon chip and leadframe. In this paper, for the minimization of the chip surface damage, the adhesive topologies on the silicon chip are studied through the finite element analysis(FEA).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.136-142
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• 2014

Recently a new version of PRO-LOCA program was released. Using the program, failure probability of pipes can be evaluated considering fatigue and/or stress corrosion crack growth and the effects of various parameters on the integrity of pipes in nuclear power plants can be evaluated quantitatively. The analysis results can be used to establish an inspection plan and to examine the effects of important parameters in a maintenance plan. In this study, sensitivity analyses were performed using the program for several important parameters including sampling method, initial crack size, number of initial fabrication flaws, operation temperature, inspection interval, operation temperature and nominal applied bending stress. The effect of parameters on the leak and rupture probability of pipes was evaluated due to fatigue or stress corrosion crack growth.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.31 no.11
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• pp.15-23
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• 2015

An experimental study has been conducted to evaluate the effects of average and cyclic shear stresses on the undrained failure behaviors of dense marine silty sand by using the Cyclic Direct Simple Shear apparatus. The results show that when the average shear stress ratio is zero, symmetric cyclic shear deformation is the major component of deformation, and permanent shear deformation is relatively small. On the other hand, when the average shear stress ratio is larger than zero, asymmetric permanent shear deformation is the major component, and cyclic shear deformation does not change much as the number of cyclic loads increases. The average shear stress ratio has less effects on the number of cyclic loads needed to fail, as compared with the cyclic shear stress ratio. The proposed stress-dependent failure contour can effectively be used to assess the cyclic shear strength of soil beneath the foundation for the design of offshore structures.