• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.580-584
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• 2008

In the present study, Radix clematidis extract (RCE) was evaluated to determine if it could protect pancreatic ${\beta}$ cells against multiple low dose streptozotocin (MLDS)-induced diabetes. Injection of mice with MLDS resulted in hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia, which was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining. However, the induction of diabetes by MLDS was completely prevented when mice were pre-administrated with RCE. Generation of oxidative stress is implicated in MLDS, a ${\beta}$ cell specific toxin-induced islet cell death. In this context, to elucidate the mechanisms of protective effects in RCE pre-administrated diabetic mice, we investigated the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which is one of the anti-oxidant enzymes. MLDS-induced HO-1 expressions were significantly reduced in MLDS-treated mice. However, the decrease of HO-1 by MLDS were protected by pretreatment of RCE. The molecular mechanism by which RCE inhibits diabetic conditions by MLDS appears to involve inhibition of HO-1 expression. Taken together, these results reveal the possible therapeutic value of RCE for the prevention of type 1 diabetes progression.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.89-98
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• 2018

Purpose : This study was designed to examine the blood glucose control and increase immunity effects of ${\beta}-glucan$ added cooked barley noodle in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mice with a high-fat diet. Method : Forty-eight male ICR mice (6-week-old) were fed AIN-93 diet for 4 weeks. Mice were divided into six groups: normal, diabetic, cooked barley noodle, ${\beta}-glucan$ (5 %) control and two experimental groups (${\beta}-glucan$ 2.5 % and 5 %, cooked barley noodle contained diet with ${\beta}-glucan$ 2.5 % and 5 % w/w). Diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (150 mg/kg). Result : Blood glucose level was significantly decreased in groups consuming cooked barley noodles, but no significant difference was exhibited in diabetic and ${\beta}-glucan$ control group. These results were in accordance with the result of oral glucose tolerance test. Blood interfereon $(IFN)-{\gamma}$ was measured in order to identify increase immunity effect of ${\beta}-glucan$ in diabetic mice. Inhibited $IFN-{\gamma}$ concentration was recovered in cooked barley noodle and ${\beta}-glucan$ control group. Moreover, $IFN-{\gamma}$ concentration was dramatically elevated in ${\beta}-glucan$ contained cooked barley noodle groups in a dose dependent manner. Streptozotocin induced AST and ALT activities were decreased in ${\beta}-glucan$ contained cooked barley noodle groups with a strong lipid lowering effect. Conclusion : Although addition of ${\beta}-glucan$n did not give any significant synergistic effect on cooked barley noodle in blood glucose regulation, suppressed $IFN-{\gamma}$ production by STZ was dramatically enhanced by ${\beta}-glucan$ supplementation in a dose dependent manner. Liver function and blood lipid profile were also in accordance with the increase immunity effect of ${\beta}-glucan$. Consequently, ${\beta}-glucan$ added cooked barley noodle can be consumed as good diets for patients with chronic diseases with reduced immunity.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.817-820
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• 2010

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease characterized by extreme insulin deficiency due to an overall reduction in the mass of functional pancreatic ${\beta}$-cells. Several animal models have been used to study T1DM. Amongst these, the mini-pig seems to be the most ideal model for diabetes research, owing to similarities with humans in anatomy and physiology. The purpose of this study was to analyze differentially expressed pancreatic proteins in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced mini-pig T1DM model. Pancreas proteins from mini-pigs treated with STZ were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and 11 protein spots were found to be altered significantly when compared with control mini-pigs. The data in this study utilizing proteomic analysis provide a valuable resource for the further understanding of the T1DM pathomechanism.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.20 no.1 s.32
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• pp.154-168
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• 2007

Objective : The present study was carried out to investigate the preventive effect of Agrimonia pilosa Ledebour on Streptozotocin(STZ)-induced Diabetes mellitus. Method : Agrimonia pilosa Ledebour was given to rats with oral administration. The experimental animals were divided into 3groups : normal group of rats, control group of STZ-induced diabetic rats, sample group with Agrimonia pilosa Ledebour. The effect of Agrimonia pilosa Ledebour on STZ-induced diabetes was observed by measuring the survival rate of rats, weight of rats, FER, blood glucose, each organ weight of rat, total cholesterol, HDL, GOT, GPT & creatinine. Result : STZ caused hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia by a selectively destroying pancreatic ${\beta}-cell$. Agrimonia pilosa Ledebour treatment don't protected them from hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia. Organ weight only liver weight decreased but kidney, heart & spleen shows no significant changes. Agrimonia pilosa Ledebour significantly don't recoverd the increase of several biochemical parameters such as blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL, GOT, GPT & creatinine is vice versa. Conclusion : Agrimonia pilosa Ledebour extract group did not show significant difference compared with STZ-induced Diabetes Mellitus group.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.126-130
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• 2011

To investigate the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipemic effect of 80% ethanol extract of Schizandra Chinensis fruit, we induced diabetes in the rats with streptozotocin (STZ) and administered schizandra extract or Acarbose to diabetic rats for 21 days by oral administration. Consequently, the groups treated using schizandra extract decreased blood glucose levels more 39% than no treatment group and the case of Acarbose group was decreased it about 21%. The concentration of cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-C in blood was also decreased while treating schizandra extract, on the other hand, HDL-C concentration was significantly increased it about 26%. Those results induced that anti-atherogenic index (AAI) in blood was improved more than 82% level like normal condition, especially in treatment of schizandra extract 100 mg. The lipid profiled in feces was likewise showed apparent tendency to decrease and food efficiency ratio of diabetic rats was became higher for treatment with schizandra extract, but Acarbose group had low efficiency in compared with the result of glucose level and lipid profile in blood. As a result, schizandra extract is regard a good medicine for diabetes due to improve physical constitution, blood glucose and lipid level caused hyperglycemia and suggest that schizandra extract has real effects on the diabetes complication as atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, high blood pressure.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.20-38
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• 2009

The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of herb formula HDDM, a modification of Huangdan decoction that has been shown to be effective in the treatment of glomerulonephritis and chronic renal failure, on the blood glucose levels in multiple low doses (MLD; 50 mg/kg for five consecutive days) of streptozotocin (STZ)-treated female B6C3F1 mice. Initial studies were performed to compare diabetes induction in five strains (e.g., B6C3F1, NOD, CD-1, C3H/HeN and C57BL/6) of mice by MLD-STZ, and immune changes following the treatment. The results suggested that the order of susceptibility to diabetes induction was NOD $\approx$ CD-1 > B6C3F1 $\approx$ C3H > C57BL/6. Furthermore, STZ modulation of T cell development, differentiation and activation might play a role in diabetes induction by MLD-STZ treatment. MLD-STZ-induced diabetes in female B6C3F1 mice was moderate, which allowed the evaluation of drug-induced protection or exacerbation of diabetes to be performed. As such, modulation of blood glucose by HDDM, which consisted of Da Huang (Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei), Huang Qi (Radix Astragali Seu Hedysari), Dan Shen (Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae), Yin Yang Huo (Herba Epimedii), Yi Yi Ren (Semen Coicis or Coix lacryma-jobi), Mai Dong (Radix Ophiopogonis) and Shan Zhu Yu (Fructus Corni), was evaluated in MLD-STZ-treated female B6C3F1 mice. The results suggested that HDDM could lower the blood glucose levels, but it had no immunomodulatory activities. Additionally, HDDM-treated mice exhibited improved glucose tolerance. In conclusion, these studies have suggested that MLD-STZ-induced diabetes in female B6C3F1 mice is a useful model to evaluate drug modulation of diabetes, and that the herb formula HDDM possesses anti-diabetic effects.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 1990

The effects of insulin and exercise on glucose uptake of skeletal muscle were investigated in soleus muscle isolated from low dose streptozotocin induced diabetic rats in vitro. Glucose uptake was assessed by measuring $^3H$-methylglucose uptake in vitro. Basal glucose uptake in diabetes was reduced by approximately one-third of the control value($5.6{\pm}0.73{\mu}Mol$/g/20min. in diabetes versus $8.4{\pm}0.77$ in control, P<0.01). There was also a significant decrease(P<0.01) in glucose uptake of diabetes at physiologic insulin concentration ($200{\mu}IU$/ml) by 40% ($6.1{\pm}1.20$ versus $10.0{\pm}0.81$). Furthermore, maximal insulin($20000{\mu}IU$/ml)-stimulated glucose uptake was 36% lower in diabetes as compared with control($7.3{\pm}1.29$ versus $11.4{\pm}1.29$, P<0.01). In contrast, exercise(1.0km/hr, treadmill running for 45min.) effect on glucose uptake was so dramatic in diabetes that glucose uptake at basal state was 8.4+1.09 and insulin stimulated-glucose uptake were $10.2{\pm}1.47$ and $11.9{\pm}1.64$, in 200 and $20000{\mu}IU$/ml added insulin, respectively. These results suggest that insulin insensitivity develops in skeletal muscle after 2 weeks of streptozotocin-induced diabetes, but these insensitivity was recovered significantly by single session of running exercise.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.63-74
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• 2008

Objectives : This study has been carried out to understand the effect of Uncooked Korean Food(F-DM) on blood glucose and antioxidant enzyme activities in streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats. Methods : SD rats were separated into four groups(each with 20 rats). Except normal two group, the other two groups were injected into intra-peritoneal with streptozotocin 60 mg/kg. Experimental group was eated Feed with 25% F-DM for 4 weeks. The change of plasma glucose level, body weight were observed. After 4 weeks, liver and kidney weight, antioxidant enzyme activities, survival rate were observed with histological changes on liver, kidney and pancreas. Results : In experimental group, body weight and survival rate increased, plasma glucose level were decreased significantly. Liver and kidney weight, XOD activity were decreased in experimental group compared to control group. GSH-px and CAT activities, insulin- immunoreactive granules in p-cells were increased significantly in experimental group compared to control group. Conclusions : This study shows that the F-DM might be effective for treatment of diabetes and its complications, as well as reduction of the oxidative stress.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2005

Purpose : To observe the histopathological changes in the pulp tissues of mandibular molars in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats after irradiation. Materials and Methods : The male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing approximately 250 gm were divided into four groups: control, diabetes, irradiation, and diabetes-irradiation groups. Diabetes mellitus was induced in the rats by injecting streptozotocin. Rats in control and irradiation groups were injected with citrate buffer only. After 5 days, the head and neck region of the rats in irradiation and diabetes-irradiation groups were irradiated with a single absorbed dose of 10 Gy. All the rats were sacrificed at 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after irradiation. The specimen including the mandibular molars were sectioned and observed using a histopathological method. Results : In the diabetes group, capillary dilatation was observed. However, there was no obvious morphologic alteration of the odontoblasts. In the irradiation group, generalized necrosis of the dental pulp tissues was observed. Vacuolation of the odontoblasts and dilatation of the capillaries were noted in the early experimental phases. In the diabetes-irradiation group, generalized degeneration of the dental pulp tissues was observed. Vacuolation of the dental pulp cells and the odontoblasts was noted in the late experimental phases. Conclusion : This experiment suggests that dilatation of the capillaries in the dental pulp tissues is induced by diabetic state, and generalized degeneration of the dental pulp tissues is induced by irradiation of the diabetic group.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.133-139
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• 2005

Purpose To observe the histopathological changes in the periodontal tissues of mandibular molars in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats after irradiation. Materials and Methods : The male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing approximately 250 gm were divided into four groups: control, diabetes, irradiation, and diabetes- irradiation groups. Diabetes mellitus was induced in the rats by injecting streptozotocin. Rats in the control and irradiation groups were injected with citrate buffer only After 5days, the head and neck region of the rats in irradiation and diabetes-irradiation groups were irradiated with a single absorbed dose of 10Gy. All the rats were sacrificed at 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after irradiation. The specimen including the mandibular molars were sectioned and observed using a histopathological method. Results In the diabetes group, osteoclastic activity was observed in the alveolar bone and the root throughout the period of experiment. Also, osteoblastic and fibroblastic activities were markedly decreased. In the irradiation group, the osteoclasts were observed in the alveolar bone and the dilated capillaries were increased in the early experimental phases. However, vigorous osteoblastic activity was noted in the late experimental phases. In the diabetes-irradiation group, osteoblastic activity in the alveolar bone and the root was observed in the early experimental phases. However, there were no resorption and osteoblastic activity in the alveolar bone and the root in the late experimental phases, and obvious atrophic change of fibrous tissues was noted. Conclusion : This experiment suggests that osteoblastic activity was caused by irradiation in the late experimental phases, but atrophic change of the periodontal ligament tissues was induced after irradiation in diabetic state.