• 한국지반공학회논문집
• /
• 제34권12호
• /
• pp.93-103
• /
• 2018

볼트 수직이음 PHC말뚝 및 용접이음 PHC말뚝에 대한 휨강도시험을 실시하여 각 이음 PHC말뚝의 성능을 비교 분석하였다. $200N{\cdot}m$이상의 토크치로 체결한 볼트 수직이음 PHC말뚝에서는 가장 낮은 하중단계인 20kN에서도 볼트 수직이음구에서 좌우로 꺾인 변형 양상(직선 v형 라인)이 나타났으며 PHC말뚝 본체는 완전한 직선 형태를 유지하고 있었으므로 볼트 수직이음 PHC말뚝은 말뚝의 가장 중요한 성능인 일체화 거동을 하지 않았다. 체결토크가 풀린 즉, $20N{\cdot}m$의 토크치로 체결한 볼트 수직이음 PHC말뚝은 각 하중 단계에서 이음부위에 대하여 양쪽으로 대칭된 직선 V형 상태의 변위 양상을 나타내고 있었다. 각 하중 단계에서 하중 제거 시 이음말뚝은 하중 재하 전의 상태로 돌아가지 않았으므로 탄성 재료 거동을 나타내지도 않았다. 재하단계에 따른 이음부 변위 및 재하 하중 제거 후의 잔류 변위, 이음 PHC말뚝의 파괴하중 및 3가지 기본 성능 등을 비교한 결과 볼트 수직이음 PHC말뚝의 이음 품질은 용접이음 PHC말뚝의 이음 품질에 크게 미달하였다. 따라서 $200N{\cdot}m$ 이상의 토크치로 체결한 볼트 수직이음 PHC말뚝이나 체결토크가 풀린 볼트 수직이음 PHC말뚝은 이음말뚝의 기본 성능에 크게 미달하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.183-195
• /
• 1990

The author has studied the effect of clothes design to mask the dorsal curvature that is one of the commonest changes in elderly women. Body measurements including the body type and the status of dorsal curvature were perfor-med on 153 women of over 60 years of age, and then a body form to fit to the mean measure-ments was made to evaluate the effects of various designs to it. With 31 pattern designs modified by changing in their slash lines and gathers using darts, the diminishing effect of the rounded back were evaluated by means of sensory test. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: I . Results from the body measurements 1) The mean body type in elderly women was that of obesity. 2) With the advancement of age, the angle to indicate the degree of dorsal curvature as well as the angle to indicate the posture are increased. II . Concerning to the clothes design to diminish the shape of dorsal curvature 1) Among the designs by the position of darts, the basic pattern (Fig. 5-1-(1)) showed the best effect to mask the shape of dorsal curvature. 2) Out of the applied designs of princess lines, that in which the slash line is pointing toward the shoulder point (Fig. 5-2-(1)) seemed to be most effective. 3) What has angled princess line (Fig. 5-3-(1)) had the most diminishing effect among the waist darts and armhole princess lines. 4) Among the V-shaped designs, the slashed at the shoulder point (Fig. 5-4-(1)) had the best effect to lessen the shape of the dorsal cuuature. 5) Wider angle yoke had better effect to the narrow angle one among the designs with straight yoke, and that with downward direction (Fig. 5-5-(1)) showed the best effect. 6) Between straight wide angle yoke and curved yoke, that of curved one with downward direction (Fig. 5-6-(1)) had better effect as far as the masking effect of dorsal curvature is concerned. 7) Gathers around the neck showed better effect to those around the shoulder, and the more amount of gathers (Fig. 5-7-(1)), there was better effect. 8) The design with midline gathers at the level of horizontal slash line of armhole (Fig. 5-8-(1)) showed better effect to that with seperated gathers. 9) In case of design with gathers at the horizontal line of armhole, it showed the better effect with less amount of gathers in midline ones, but with more amount in the side ones. 10) Considering all 7 different designs with better effect in covering the shape of dorsal curvature, it was evident that the design with gathers was far better than the design with application of slash lines.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제65권12호
• /
• pp.1971-1978
• /
• 2016

In this paper, electrical and physical characteristics associated with the ionization growth of soil under impulse voltages in a coaxial cylindrical electrode system to simulate a horizontally-buried ground electrode were experimentally investigated. The results were summarized as follows: Transient ground resistances decreased significantly by soil ionization. The voltage-current (V-I) curves for non-ionization in soil lined up in a straight line with the nearly same slope that is the ground resistance, but they showed a 'cross-closed loop' of ${\infty}$-shape under ionization. The conventional ground resistance and equivalent soil resistivity were inversely proportional to the peak value of injected impulse currents. On the other hand, the equivalent ionization radius and time-lag to the maximum value of ionization radius were increased with increasing the incident impulse voltages. An analysis method for the transient ground resistances of the ground electrode based on the ionization phenomena was proposed. The proposed method can be applied to analyze the transient performances of grounding systems for lightning protection in power system installations.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제34권1호
• /
• pp.64-69
• /
• 2007

Purpose: The key of treatment in syndactyly is to separate the fused digits safely, and to create a normal web space with enough cutaneous coverage. Despite many techniques have described the correction of syndactyly, skin graft still remains the annoying one. We designed the pentagonal flap from hand dorsum to reconstruct the web space reliably and try to minimize the need for skin graft. Methods: Between July 2003 and August 2005, six cases of syndactyly were corrected at UCLA Medical Center and Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital using dorsal pentagonal flap for web space reconstruction and straight incisions for the sides of digits to minimize the need for skin graft. The proximal edge of the pentagonal flap was designed in V shape to allow for easy closure of the donor site after advancement. The pentagonal flap was advanced volarly with the underlying dermofat tissues to form a digital web. In some cases, skin defects were unavoidable and covered with full thickness skin graft from the inguinal area. Results: Syndactyly were seen in 4 cases of Apert syndrome, 1 postburn scar webbing with PIP joint contracture and 1 recurrence after the incomplete reconstruction. In all Apert syndrome, straight line incision was used along the sides of the fingers and skin graft was needed. But, in 2 cases of incomplete type, we could save the need for skin graft only for the correction of syndactyly. We could get a good looking web space without any complications such as flap or graft loss. Conclusion: As a modification of Sherif's V-Y dorsal metacarpal flap, we believe pentagonal flap could be one of the easiest and safest way to reconstruct the web space of syndactyly in functional and cosmetic standpoint.

• 한국융합학회논문지
• /
• 제8권6호
• /
• pp.283-289
• /
• 2017

이 연구는 댄스바이럴 융합 광고에서 댄스가 소비자에게 미치는 영향에 대해 살펴보고자 하는데 목적이 있다. 연구방법은 바이럴과 댄스, 그리고 안무요소의 이론적 배경을 통해 살펴보고자 하였다. 댄스바이럴 영상은 다양한 계층의 소비자들에게 어필하고 있는 현실이다. 특히 2015년 출시된 동아오츠카의 <오로나민C> 광고는 출시된 해 큰 성과를 거두었으며, 중독성 있는 CM송과 댄스로 광고상을 수상한 바 있다. 이에 분석대상으로 <오로나민C> 2015년에서 2017년도 광고를 선택하였다. <오로나민C> 광고 분석결과는 댄스코믹양식의 특징인 간단하고 반복적인 상황연출로 이루어졌으며, 동작은 간결하고 비슷한 유사성과 반복성으로 통일성을 유지하였다. 공간 이동은 거의 이루어지지 않았고, 안무대형은 일렬대형이 주류를 이루었으며, 군중이 모인 경우, 원과 V구도 대형이 나타났다. 공간 구성은 1인칭 시점이 주를 이루었다. 댄스바이럴 <오로나민C> 광고에서 댄스는 전문가적인 댄스보다는 단순하고 쉬운 동작들로 구성된 간결하고 반복적인 요소가 어필하는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 댄스바이럴에서 댄스는 일반인들이 쉽게 따라할 수 있는 동작들과 등장인물 수가 적게 나타날 때 파급효과가 큰 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.164-171
• /
• 2022

The number of facilities using radiation generators increases and related regulations are strengthened, the establishment of a shielding management and evaluation technology has become important. The characteristics of the radiation generator used in previous report differ from those of currently available high-frequency radiation generators. This study aimed to manufacture lead, iron, and concrete shielding materials for the re-verification of half-value layers, tenth-value layers, and attenuation curve. For a comparison of attenuation ratio, iron, lead, and concrete shields were manufactured in this study. The initial dose was measured without shielding materials, and doses measured under different types and thicknesses of shielding material were compared with the initial dose to calculate the transmission rate on 50-300 kVp X-ray. All the three shielding materials showed a tendency to require greater shielding thickness for higher energy. The attenuation graph showed an exponential shape as the thickness decreased and a straight line as the thickness increased. The difference between the measurement results and the previous study, except in extrapolated parts, may be due to the differences in the radiation generation characteristics between the generators used in the two studies. The attenuated graph measured in this study better reflects the characteristics of current radiation generators, which would be more effective for shield designing.

• 한국농공학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.57-68
• /
• 1982

The paddy fiels slope located in Kangweon province Hwyongsung gun Gonggeun myon Shinchonri was considerably steep and so it was impossible to economically consolidate the field up to date. But for the porpose of farm mechanization, the field (32. 27ha) was consolidated by the auther under the assitance of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fishery and,;the Administration of Kangweon province. This paddy field consolidation was caused by the treatise on "Land-consolidation methods for farm mechanization in the steep-sloped paddy field", of which the auther is the same. The constrution was carried out from September, 1981 to April, 1982. During the 4esign and construction, some Peculiarities were found and discussed. That is, in design, besides the common condititions for a design, some special conditions were considered and written below; (1) The ranges of field slope in this design were 1/100-1/30. (2) Long sides of the land readjustment blocks must be arranged abreast contour line, and so they make the amount of cutting and banking decreased so as to take the maximum advantage of the configuration of the field. (3) In design, the main principles of dividing blocks were written below; i) First of all, long side of a block should be drawn straight abreast a contour line. ii) Long side of a block should arrange abreast contour line and make its length 100-150m, if not, l)reak the side in order to make a bended rectangle. iii) Length of a short side should be determinded within differences of elevation (0.6 -1. 2m) between the two adjacent blocks toward the normal to a contour line. iv) Length of a short side should be above 15m and the ratio of long and short side should be slso kept 1: (4-6). v) A new field surface leveling was determinded from the elevation which produce the least amount of cuttingand banking within the range of 0.6-1. 2m diffe rences of elevation between the two adjacent blocks. vi) In the course of dividing blocks with the same width along the line which was normal to a contour line, all blocks connot keep their shape in a retangle because of steep slope of the field and so on, and so it was also necessory to make some non-retanglar and small blocks such as a trianglar or trapezoidal shape, which was impossible to use some of farm machinery. But because this non-rectanglar and small blocks were divided, larger and many rectanglar blocks can be divided and construction cost can also be lowered. According to the conditions discussed above, the paddy field consolidation project designed and constructed. And the results of this study were obtained as below; (1) Three-forth of total cost of this paddy field consolidation was not construction cost, and these cost consist of land grading (1/4), road and canal construction cost (1/4) and the other cost (1/4) such as surveying or materials and 56 on. (2) The steeper the land slope, the greater cost was assigned for road and canal construction, and than land grading. (3) Curtailment of the road and canal construction cost depended on simplificating their strutures. (4) In the case of the land slopes were low, the land grading cost was high by 1: 1.4 in comparison with the road and canal construction cost, and conversely when the slops were steep, the road and canal construction cost was high by 1 : 5 in compa- rison with the land grading cost. (5) The densities of irrigation canal, drainage canal and trunk and branch road were 150. Sm/ha, 60. im/ha and 17. 4m/ha respectively. The density of irrigation canal of the area was high by 2 times in comparison with the average one of Kangweon Province, and the others were nearly the same. (6) Most farmers (above 85%) knew the effects of paddy field consolidation. The effects are; 1) Improvement of irrigation 2) Improvement of farm management 3) Improvement of transportarion 4) farm mechanization and 5) grouping of the scattered land. And the more farm modernization was accomplished by these projects, the more farmers wanted to live in their land. (7) In spite of the very steep sloped paddy field, the diminution rate of the net farm land caused by consolidation was 7.7% which was nearly the same as the one of Chulweon plain of Kangweon province. Land grading cost was 971, OOOwon/ha which was rather cheap by 13.2% than the one of Ghulweon plain, and unit construction cost was 5, 341, OOOwon/ha (included soil addition) which was also nearly the same as the one of Chulweon plain and FNFIA (The federation of national farmland improvement association).

• 암석학회지
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.297-309
• /
• 2017

거창지역의 쥬라기 화강암에 대하여 결의 특성에 대한 분석을 실시하였다. 박편의 확대사진 및 간격-누적빈도 도표에서 도출한 16개 파라미터의 결합을 통하여 결에 대한 종합적인 평가를 실시하였다. 결에 대한 이들 간격의 파라미터의 대표값에 대한 분석 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 상기 파라미터는 그룹 I(간격의 빈도수(N), 총 간격($1mm{\geq}$), 상수(a), 지수(${\lambda}$), 지수 직선의 기울기(${\theta}$), 선의 길이(oa') 및 삼각비($sin{\theta}$, $tan{\theta}$) 그리고 그룹 II(평균 간격(Sm), 평균 간격과 중앙 간격 사이의 차이값(Sm-Sme), 밀도(${\rho}$), 선의 길이(oa 및 aa'), 직각삼각형(${\Delta}oaa^{\prime}$)의 면적 및 삼각비($cos{\theta}$)로 분류할 수 있다. 그룹 I에 속하는 8개 파라미터의 값은 H(3번 결, H1+H2)