• 한국가스학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2008

갈수록 성장하고 있는 LNG 산업에 있어서 안전관리는 필수적인 요소로 자리잡아가고 있다. 이에 따라 기존의 LNG 저장/수송 시설에 대한 안전 관리를 보다 발전시킬 수 있는 것이 필요하며 최근 발전된 IT 산업은 LNG 저장/수송 시설에 대한 통합 안전관리 시스템을 가능케 했다. 위험성 평가/분석 기술, 폭발, 누출 및 확산 모델 구축 기술, 실시간 모니터링 및 이상 진단 기술, Data reconciliation을 통한 공정 정보 신뢰성 향상 기술 등을 집약하며 웹 환경을 통하여 구축될 통합 안전관리 시스템은 LNG 산업의 안전성 향상과 향후 기술 수출에 큰 기여를 할 것이다.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.758-768
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• 2012

This paper presents the modeling and position-sensorless vector control of a dual-airgap axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machine optimized for use in flywheel energy storage system (FESS) applications. The proposed AFPM machine has two sets of three-phase stator windings but requires only a single power converter to control both the electromagnetic torque and the axial levitation force. The proper controllability of the latter is crucial as it can be utilized to minimize the vertical bearing stress to improve the efficiency of the FESS. The method for controlling both the speed and axial displacement of the machine is discussed. An inherent speed sensorless observer is also proposed for speed estimation. The proposed observer eliminates the rotary encoder, which in turn reduces the overall weight and cost of the system while improving its reliability. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme has been verified by simulations and experiments on a prototype machine.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제67권6호
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• pp.715-723
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• 2018

The energy storage system consists of batteries, power conditioning system and energy management system. If ESS is installed and operated in the field, SAT(Site Acceptance Test) of ESS is being essentially required for the safety and performance of ESS. Furthermore, in order to more accurately and reliably validate the performance of the ESS in advanced countries, it has been required to perform not only performance testing by H/W equipments but also performance verification by S/W tool. Therefore, this paper proposes the modeling of portable test equipment in order to evaluate the performance and reliability of ESS by using the PSCAD/EMTDC S/W. And also, the prototype of 30[kW] scaled portable test equipments is implemented based on the S/W modeling. From the results of various simulations and testings such as power quality, LVRT and anti-islanding tests, it is confirmed that 30[kW] scaled portable test equipment is useful for SAT of ESS, because the simulation results of PSCAD/EMTDC are identical to them of 30[kW] test equipment at the same test conditions.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.1006-1017
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• 2015

This paper presents a finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) strategy for the AC/DC matrix converter used in grid-connected battery energy storage system (BESS). First, to control the grid current properly, the DC current is also included in the cost function because of input and output direct coupling. The DC current reference is generated based on the dynamic relationship of the two currents, so the grid current gains improved transient state performance. Furthermore, the steady state error is reduced by adding a closed-loop. Second, a Luenberger observer is adopted to detect the AC input voltage instead of sensors, so the cost is reduced and the reliability can be enhanced. Third, a switching state pre-selection method that only needs to evaluate half of the active switching states is presented, with the advantages of shorter calculation time, no high dv/dt at the DC terminal, and less switching loss. The robustness under grid voltage distortion and parameter sensibility are discussed as well. Simulation and experimental results confirm the good performance of the proposed scheme for battery charging and discharging control.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.484-487
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• 2005

In order to get the surface characteristics of the HDI of HDD, the surface damage mechanisms must be totally understood. Particle contamination in hard disk drives is a big concern in today's magnetic recording industry since they are major sources of reliability problems. Namely upon contact with the slider or a contaminant particle, the disk may be scratched or the particles may be embedded into the disk surface. In this work, comparison of scratches was made between those found on actual hard disks and those created using a scratch tester. It was found that ramp loading method is an effective way to make similar scratches as the actual ones. From the ramp loading condition, the relationship between the pressure and the scratch track width could be identified.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권8호
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• pp.283-288
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• 2014

석유 제품 지하 저장 공동의 지하수 수질은 공동 인근 매립지 수질의 영향을 받는다. 매립지 주변의 지하수 수질 분석 결과, 시료의 반 정도에서 지하공동 수질에 영향이 미미한 농도의 As, Cu 및 Pb가 검출되었으며, Cd, Hg, $Cr^{6+}$, $CN^-$, TCE, PCE 및 Pheno은 검출되지 않았다. $COD^{Mn}$의 농도는 모든 시료에서 $8.0mg/{\ell}$이하로 유기물질에 의한 지하수 오염은 거의 없는 것으로 분석되었다. 1차, 2차 미생물 분석결과 총박테리아는 각각 $94.84{\times}10^4cells/{\mu}g/m{\ell}$과 $146.26{\times}10^{-4}cells/{\mu}g/m{\ell}$이고 황산환원 박테리아는 $2cells/m{\ell}$이하로 분석되어 지하공동의 수질에 영향이 미미할 것으로 분석되었다. 저장 공동 인근 지역의 지하수 수질 분석은 공동의 수리 지질의 안정성을 향상시키기 위하여 지속적인 조사와 관리가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2017

LNG 산업의 핵심시설인 LNG 저장탱크는 주로 9% 니켈강형 내조와 프리스트레스 콘크리트의 외조로 구성되어 있다. 1896년 상업운전 이후 내조의 피로와 외조의 내구성 저하로 인한 구조물 성능 열화의 위험성 증대에 선제적으로 대응할 수 있도록 수명평가 프로그램이 필요하다. 이 연구는 LNG 저장탱크의 내조에 대해 피로평가와 외조의 내구성(탄산화, 염해)을 평가할 수 있는 수명평가 프로그램을 개발하였다. 내조 탱크는 3가지의 주요 시나리오를 정의하여 구조해석과 마이너 손상법칙이 적용된 피로수명 해석이 수행된다. 외조 탱크의 탄산화 평가는 이산화탄소 함량과 침투 깊이 데이터를 이용하여 콘크리트 피복두께에 따른 탄산화 진전을 예측한다. 외조 탱크의 염해 평가는 다양한 입력조건 고려와 신뢰도 있는 결과를 도출하기 위해 공개 프로그램인 Life-365프로그램에 연계하는 방안으로 구축하였다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2019

The type III vessel, which is used to store high-pressure hydrogen gas, is made by wrapping the vessel's liner with carbon fiber composite materials for strength performance and lightening. The liner seals the internal gas and the composite resists the internal pressure. The properties of the fiber composite material depends on the angle and thickness of the fiber. Thus, engineers should consider these various design variables. However, it significantly increases the design cost due to the trial and error under designing based on experience or experiments. And, for aluminum liners, fatigue loads due to using and charging could give a huge impact on the performance of the structure. However, fatigue failure does not necessarily occur in the position under the highest load in use. Therefore, for hydrogen storage vessel, fatigue evaluation according to design patterns is essential because stress distribution varies depend on composite layer patterns. This study performed an optimization analysis and evaluated a high-pressure hydrogen storage vessel to minimize these trial and error and improve the reliability of the structure, while simultaneously conducting fatigue assessment of all patterns derived from the optimization analysis process. The results of this study are thought to be useful in the strength improvement and life design of composite reinforced high-pressure storage vessels.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2021

In modern society, digital lifestyles are spreading to minimize contact with people and to receive contactless information. The spread trend has established an unmanned distribution system in which transactions through contactless technologies such as kiosks and chatbots are activated in face-to-face transactions with sellers and consumers. In order to streamline logistics supply worldwide, digital new deal based joint logistics hubs, unmanned courier storage platforms, and fresh logistics based last mile services have been developed into unmanned logistics systems, focusing on the intelligent logistics system automation process. Unmanned courier storage system installed in urban areas and home to daily logistics where volume is concentrated are provided with fresh logistics services through cold chain and receiving freights in contactless environments. Development is also underway to minimize safety accidents caused by courier services, such as managing various information based on the integrated control system. This paper defines the concept of integrated operation for the development of a platform for contactless unmanned courier storage device developed into next-generation logistics system. In addition, we intend to develop systems engineering-based output for deriving safety requirements and specifications by identifying risk sources that may occur in the operational scenario. Therefore, the goal is to establish a foundation for safety and reliability between interfaces of logistics systems to be installed in apartment and subway station environments that want to provide unmanned logistics services to various consumers.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2016년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.453-454
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• 2016

The ESS(Energy Storage System) connected with distributed generation is drawing attention due to improving the quality load leveling, peak shaving for enhancing reliability of the power grid. The grid-connected inverter makes frequency adjustment to the active power's charge discharge according to the load variation. In addition, the inverter is possible to act as a reactive power compensation device to eliminate harmonic operates as power factor change inhibiting, anti-transient voltage fluctuation, active filter. In this paper, we propose a design method of igbt stack considering the reactive power supply capacity to improve the quality and reliability of the inverter. Moreover, the grid-connected inverter considering the four-quadrant rated operation designed stack and verified the feasibility of the design through a thermal analysis.