• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 1th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.791-795
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• 2005

A simulation model is proposed to evaluate the effect of correlations between activity durations on the overall project duration. The proposed model incorporates NORTA, a recent developed statistical method, into the simulation process to allow arbitrarily specified marginal distributions for activity durations and any desired correlation structure. The generality is of practical value when systematic data is not available and planners have to rely on arbitrary experts' estimation, which may involve a mixed situation when some activity durations are continuously distributed whereas others are discrete outcomes. The proposed model is validated by showing that the correlation coefficients of the simulation results are close to the originally specified ones. The simulation results are compared to two conventional approaches: PERT and simulation without correlation. The comparisons illustrate that the proposed model can provide important management information, which would otherwise be distorted due to the neglect of the correlations between activity durations.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제7권8호
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• pp.2484-2496
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• 2000

네트워크 연결을 위한 고속 스위치는 계속해서 발달하여 왔으며, 스위치가 필요한 성능을 내는가를 여러 조건으로 분석하는 것은 중요한 일이다. 하지만, 복잡한 구조를 가진 시스템을 모델링하여 그 성능을 측정하는 것은 쉬운 일이 아니다. 큐잉이론을 이용한 모델링은 큰 상태 공간을 고려해야 됨은 물론이고 성능평가에 있어서도 복잡한 계산과정을 수행해야 하지만, SAN(Stochastic Activity Networks)에 의한 모델링과 성능평가는 그에 비해 간단하다는 장점이 있다. 본 논문의 목적은 출력포트에 큐를 갖는 고속 ATM 스위치를 확장된 SPN(Stochastic Petri Net)인 SAN을 이용해 모델링하고, 셀 도착 과정은 실제 트래픽과 유사한 특징을 가지고 있는 MMPP(Markov Modulated Poisson Process)로 모델링하여 그 성능을 평가하는데 있다. MMPP 모델을 이용한 버스티 트래픽을 고겨한 성능측정과 아울러 SAN의 장점을 이용한 확장이 용이한 스위치 모델을 보이고자 한다. 제한된 버퍼 크기를 갖는 출력 큐잉 ATM 스위치에 도착하은 셀은 포아송 도착 과정에서는 정확히 표현할 수 없는 버스티 특징을 표현할 수 있어 좀더 실제 트래픽에 가까운 MMPP로 모델링한다. SAN 모델은 UltraSAN 소프트웨어 패키지를 이용해 대기행렬의크기, 지연시간 그리고 셀 손실률에 대한 성능을 측정한다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:시스템및이론
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• 제31권3_4호
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• pp.170-186
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• 2004

최근 멀티미디어, 신호처리와 같은 실시간 응용들에 대해서 그 응용에 속한 태스크들이 일정한 확률로 마감시간을 만족하는 것을 보장하는, 소위 확률적 보장을 제공하는 것이 점점 더 중요해지고 있다. 확률적 보장을 제공하기 위해서는 주어진 시스템에서 각 태스크의 마감시간 위반확률(deadline miss probability)을 예측할 수 있는 분석 방법이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 Rate Monotonic 또는 Earliest Deadline First와 같은 우선순위 스케줄링을 사용하는 시스템에서 각 태스크의 마감시간 위반확률을 정확하게 계산하는 분석 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 분석 방법은 임의의 실행 시간 분포를 갖는 태스크들에 대해서 각각의 응답 시간 분포를 정확하게 계산함으로써 개별 태스크들의 마감시간 위반확률을 결정한다. 본 논문에서는 실험을 통해서 제안하는 분석 방법의 정확성을 검증하였고, 기존의 다른 분석 방법보다 우수함을 보였다.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한산업공학회/한국경영과학회 2006년도 춘계공동학술대회 논문집
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• pp.373-378
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• 2006

Recently the technical advances and complexities have generated much of the difficulties in managing the project resources, for both scheduling and costing to accomplish the project in the most efficient manner. The project manager is frequently required to render judgments concerning the schedule and resource adjustments. This research develops an analytical model for a schedule-cost and risk analysis based on visual PERT/CPM. We used a three-step approach: 1) in the first step, a deterministic PERT/CPM model for the critical path and estimating the project time schedule and related resource planning and we developed a heuristic model for crash and stretch out analysis based upon a time-cost trade-off associated with the crash and stretch out of the project. 2) In second step, we developed web-based risk evaluation model for project analysis. Major technologies used for this step are AHP (analytic hierarchy process, fuzzy-AHP, multi-attribute analysis, stochastic network simulation, and web based decision support system. Also we have developed computer programs and have shown the results of sample runs for an R&D project risk analysis. 3) We developed an optimization model for project resource allocation. We used AHP weighted values and optimization methods. Computer implementation for this model is provided based on GUI-Type objective-oriented programming for the users and provided displays of all the inputs and outputs in the form of GUI-Type. The results of this research will provide the project managers with efficient management tools.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 3th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.400-408
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• 2009

Simulation applications for analyzing the productivity of construction operations at operation level and project schedules at project level are crucial methods in project management. The application at two different levels should be very tightly linked to each other in practice. However, appropriate integration at the levels is not achieved in that existing systems do not support to integrate operation models into a schedule model. This paper presents a new approach named to Discrete Event Simulation-Nesting modeling approach, which supports not only productivity analysis at operation level but also schedule management at a project level. The system developed by the authors allows creating operation models at the operation level, maintaining them in operation model library, executing sensitivity analysis to find the behaviors of the operation models when different combination of resources are used as existing DES systems do. On top of the conventional functions, the new system facilitates to find the optimum solution of resource combinations which satisfy the user's interest by computing the hourly productivity and the hourly cost of the operation. By drag-and-dropping an operation model kept in the operation model library, the operation models are integrated into an activity of the schedule model. When a complete schedule model is established by nesting operation models into the schedule model, stochastic simulation based scheduling is executed. A case study is presented to demonstrate the new simulation system and verify the validity of the system.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.1269-1275
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• 2013

Recently, many studies have suggested that an electric vehicle (EV) is one of the means for increasing the reliability of power systems in new energy environments. EVs can make a contribution to improving reliability by providing frequency regulation in power systems in which the Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology has been implemented and, if economically viable, can be helpful in increasing power system reliability. This paper presents a stochastic method for optimal coordination of charging and frequency regulation decisions for an EV aggregator using the Least Square Monte-Carlo (LSMC) with modeling of electricity price uncertainty. The LSMC can be used to assess the value of options based on electricity price uncertainty in order to simultaneously optimize the scheduling of EV charging and regulation service for the EV aggregator. The results of a numerical example show that the proposed method can significantly improve the expected profits of an EV aggregator.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.695-699
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• 2009

경쟁력을 유지하기 위해 기업은 다양한 신제품들을 동시 다발적으로 개발해야 한다. 이런 제품들은 시장에 출시되기 전에 품질, 안정성, 내구성 등 다양한 시험(test)들을 거쳐야 한다. 여러 시험 수행 일정을 조정함으로 그로 인한 전체 발생 비용을 고려한 신제품의 순현재 가치(NPV, net present value)가 변하게 되며 이를 최대로 하기 위한 시스템적 방법이 필요하다. 이러한 필요성에 따라서 본 연구에서는 현실적 자원 제약이 고려된 상황에서 다제품(multiple products)들의 최적 시험 순서를 결정할 수 있는 모델을 제시하였다. 또한 수학적 예제를 통해서 테스트 수행 시간이 확률적으로 주어진 경우에도 적용할 수 있다는 것을 검증하였다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.337-340
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• 2000

In this paper, the effects of the uncertain hourly load demand are stochastically analyzed especially by the consideration of the average over generation of the Unit Commitment(UC) results. In order to minimize the effects of the actual load profile change, a new UC algorithm is proposed. The proposed algorithm calculates the UC results with the lower load level than the one generated by the conventional load forecast. In case of the worse load forecast, the deviation of the conventional UC solution can be overcome with the lower load level and the more hourly reserve requirements. The proposed method is tested with sample systems, which shows that the proposed method can be used as the basic guideline for selecting the potimal load forecast applying to UC problem.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.34-46
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• 2016

Networked Control System (NCS) has evolved in the past decade through the advances in communication technology. The problems involved in NCS are broadly classified into two categories namely network issues due to network and control performance due to system network. The network problems are related to bandwidth allocation, scheduling and network security, and the control problems deal with stability analysis and delay compensation. Various delays with variable length occur due to sharing a common network medium. Though most delays are very less and mostly neglected, the network induced delay is significant. It occurs when sensors, actuators, and controllers exchange data packet across the communication network. Networked induced delay arises from sensor to controller and controller to actuator. This paper presents an adaptive delay compensation process for efficient control. Though Smith predictor has been commonly used as dead time compensators, it is not adaptive to match with the stochastic behavior of network characteristics. Time delay adaptive compensation gives an effective control to solve dead time, and creates a virtual environment using the plant model and computed delay which is used to compensate the effect of delay. This approach is simulated using TrueTime simulator that is a Matlab Simulink based simulator facilitates co-simulation of controller task execution in real-time kernels, network transmissions and continuous plant dynamics for NCS. The simulation result is analyzed, and it is confirmed that this control provides good performance.

• 경영과학
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.125-134
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• 2001

This paper is concerned with the development of a GIS-based distribution system with service consideration. The proposed model could be used for a wide range of logistics applications in planning, engineering and operational purpose for logistics system. This research addresses the formulation of those complex prob1ems of two-echelon logistics system to plan the incorporating supply center locations and distribution problems based on GIS. We propose an integrated logistics model for determining the optimal patterns of supply centers and inventory allocations (customers) with a three-step sequential approach. 1) First step, Developing GIS-distance model and stochastic set-covering program to determine Optimel pattern of supply center location. 2) Second step, Optimal sector-clustering to support customers. 3) Third step, Optimal vehicle rouse scheduling based on GIS, GIS-VRP In this research we developed GUI-tree program, the GIS-VRP provide the vehicle to users and freight information in real time. We applied a set of sample examples to this model and demonstrated samp1e results. It has been found that the proposed model is potentially efficient and useful in solving multi-depot problem through examples. However the proposed model can provide logistics decision makers to get the best supply schedule.