• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.641-646
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to analyze the sterilizing effects of toothbrushes by administering bacteria into toothbrushes and reproducing the antibacterial effects using a microwave oven. Methods : The heads of four-row mid-strength toothbrushes were cut, put in a bacterial solution ($3{\times}10^9cells/ml$) for vortexing, and sterilized with microwaves for 0, 30, and 60 seconds. They were then moved into four tubes containing DW 10 ml and suspended in a vortex mixer for two minutes to separate bacteria from them. DW 9ml was added by 1ml of bacteria for dilution of $10{\sim}10^6$ times. It was then administered to the BHI agar plate by 0.1ml and cultured at $37^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours. Total number of bacteria adhered to a toothbrush was obtained by multiplying the number of colonies by the dilution factor. The experiment was done in the first, second, and third step, being repeated in a normal temperature drier ($23^{\circ}C$) after 5, 9 and 24 hours. Results : The results of the experiment revealed that the sterilizing effects were 95% or over. When toothbrushes were sterilized for 60 seconds, the number of colonies is about 11 after drying for 5 hours, 7 after drying for 9 hours and 2 after drying for 24 hours. The sterilizing effects reached 98% when the bacteria-administered toothbrush was sterilized for 1 minute after drying for 24 hours. Conclusions : The results demonstrated that toothbrush sterilizing by using microwave is a suitable way to prevent cross-contamination of toothbrushes by oral bacterial infection and thus easy to use at home. However, this study suggests that toothbrush sterilizing by using microwave should be limited within two times a week because the physical properties of toothbrush might be changed.

• 생약학회지
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• 제36권3호통권142호
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• pp.220-223
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• 2005

The purposes of this study was to develop the best one among the methods using dry heat, gamma irradiation and alcohol gas, to sterilize Scutellariae Radix selected based on high frequency of circulation between merchants and high susceptibility to microbial contamination, through comparing these methods in terms of the followings; ⅰ) the efficacy of sterilization in comparison with cost, and ⅱ)the alteration of chemical components of these herbal medicines. The results of this study will be taken advantage of establishment of the maximum limit of microorganism contaminated in herbal medicines. From the results of this study we conclude the followings: ⅰ) The sterilizing method using dry heat may be inappropriate, because it seriously changed their color and morphology which is an essential criterion to estimate a measure of quality between merchants and consumers, although it effectively got rid of contaminated microorganism and did not alter major components, baicalin; ⅱ) The sterilizing method using gamma irradiation may be appropriate, because it showed a strong sterilizing effect, and no alteration of chemical components, color and morphology; ⅲ)The sterilizing method using alcohol gas may also be appropriate, because it had a similar effects as in the case of gamma irradiation. Collectively, we suggest that appropriate sterilizing methods to guarantee the microbial quality of this herbal medicine may be those using gamma irradiation and alcohol gas.

• 약학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.415-420
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to develop the best methods to sterilize herbal medicines which is frequently used and known to have high susceptibility to microbial contamination. We used dry heat, gamma irradiation and alcohol gas treatment for sterilization, and evaluated these methods in terms of the followings; i) the efficacy of sterilization, and ii) the chemical alteration of index constituents of herbal medicines. Treatment with dry heat effectively eliminated the contaminated microorganisms, and did not significantly alter the content of berberine chloride, paeoniflorin and amygdalin in Phellodendron Bark, Peony Root and Apricot Kernel, respectively: However it seriously changed the color and morphology which are essential criteria to estimate a measure of quality of herbal medicines. Treatment with gamma irradiation showed a strong sterilizing effect, and no alteration of the content of index constituents, color and morphology: Alcohol gas treatment resulted in similar effects as those in gamma irradiation. Collectively; these results suggest that treatment with gamma irradiation or alcohol gas may be useful methods for sterilizing herbal medicines without a decrease in their microbial quality.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.211-220
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• 2015

Many chemical disinfectants are using to protect the foot and mouth disease (FMD) and avian influenza (AI) in Korea since 2000. This study was performed to confirm disinfective ability of commercialized chemical disinfectants and to investigate the sterilizing ability of E-ball as alterative to chemical disinfectants. 4 kinds of acidulant, 3 kinds of aldehyde, 1 kind of oxidizer and 300 g of E-ball were used in this study. Dilution rate of disinfective power of all chemical disinfectants were to 200 times. The sterilizing ability of aldehydes were better than the acidulant and oxidizer with Salmonella typhimurium. The sterilizing ability of E-ball treated solution was guessed due to the friction of E-ball deads. In the case of the friction of 2 beads of E-ball, Salmonella typhimurium was sterilizted on $1{\times}10^6/mL$ CFU in the E-ball treated solution. The E-ball treated solution had superior sterizing power compared with the chemical disinfectants in the bacteria of soil for antibacterial examination. E-ball treated solution has a possibility as the substitute of chemical disinfectants to protective the animal diseases contains FMD, AI.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.654-661
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 수도수, 전해수, 이산화염소수 처리에 의한 오디의 저장온도 및 기간에 따른 품질 양상을 분석하였다. 오디를 수도수, 전해수와 이산화염소수 농도별 10, 50, 100, 200 ppm으로 각각 30초 동안 담금질을 한 후, 실온과 냉장에 저장하여 시간에 따른 저장성 효과를 비교하였다. 또한, 외관 품질 유지와 갈변 저해 효과를 탐색하였다. 또한, 오디 과실 표면으로부터 Enterobacter aerogenes와 Serratia marcescens의 위해미생물을 분리 동정하였다. 살균세척수를 처리한 후, 저장 온도별 시간에 따른 미생물 총 균수를 측정한 결과, 각 처리구의 미생물 살균력은 전해수와 이산화염소수가 수도수 처리보다 증가하였으며, 이산화염소수는 고농도일수록 현저하게 증가하였다. 상온에서 저장하는 처리구보다 냉장 저장한 처리구에서의 미생물 억제효과가 뛰어났다. 오디의 표면에 주사전자현미경 촬영 결과, 살균 세척수 처리구에서는 미생물이 생존하지 않았다. 효소활성을 측정한 결과, 수도수 처리구보다 살균 세척수 처리구에서 함량이 낮아졌으며, 시간이 지남에 따라 서서히 증가하였다. 총 폴리페놀 함량은 세척 방법 간 유사한 결과를 나타내었다. 저장일수가 증가할수록 감소하였고, 전해수와 이산화염소수 처리구의 함량이 수도수 처리보다는 낮았다. 따라서 오디의 전해수와 이산화염소수 처리는 초기의 미생물 총 균수를 감소시켜 신선도를 유지하고, 상온보다 냉장 저장에서 효과가 더 우수하였으며, 품질 유지 및 저장성 향상에 기여할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 2003년도 한국생물과학협회 학술발표대회
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• pp.160.1-160
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• 2003

No Abstract, See Full Text

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2002

본 연구는 연성 콘택트렌즈 구입장소에서 이루어지는 콘택트렌즈 관리교육에 대한 착용자들의 이해도와 만족도를 알아봄으로써, 연성 콘택트렌즈 판매 시 이루어지는 렌즈 관리교육의 보완점을 찾기 위하여 설문조사를 실시하였다. 따라서 본 조사는 마산 지역 내 거주자 및 지역 외 거주자 중 연성 콘택트렌즈를 착용하고 있거나, 착용 경험이 있는 10대에서 30대를 대상으로 연성 콘택트렌즈의 관리방법에 대한 교육(렌즈 관리방법 설명, 렌즈관리 용품의 설명, 렌즈착용 스케줄과 교환주기 설명, 소독방법 설명, 부작용 설명, 정기검사 설명)내용과 그 교육에 대한 콘택트렌즈 착용자의 이해도, 만족도의 실태를 구조화된 설문지를 통하여 알아보았다. 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같았다. 첫째, 콘택트렌즈 관리교육 이해도 점수에서 렌즈 관리방법 설명, 렌즈 관리용품의 설명, 렌즈 착용스케줄과 교환주기의 설명 이해도는 높았고, 소독방법 설명, 부작용 설명, 정기검사 설명의 이해도는 낮았다. 둘째, 렌즈 관리교육 만족도 점수에서는 렌즈 관리방법 설명, 렌즈 관리용품의 설명, 렌즈 착용스케줄과 교환주기의 설명 만족도는 높았고, 소독방법 설명, 부작용 설명, 정기검사 설명의 만족도는 낮았다. 따라서 콘택트렌즈 교육자는 렌즈관리의 교육내용 중에서도 특히 소독방법의 설명, 부착용의 설명, 정기검사의 설명을 정확하고 성실하며 이해하기 쉽게 해 주고, 설명 후 그 내용을 확인하고, 나아가 설명서를 교부해 줌으로써, 콘택트렌즈 관리교육에 대한 이해도와 만족도를 개선시키려는 노력이 필요하다.

• 약학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.180-184
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to develop the best methods to sterilize Moutan Root Bark which is frequently used as a herbal medicine, and known to have high susceptibility to m icrobial contamination. We used dry heat, gamma irradiation and alcohol gas treatment for sterilization, and evaluated these methods in terms of the followings; I) the efficacy of sterilization, and ii) the chemical alteration of a major component of the harbal medicines. Treatment with dry heat effectively got rid of contaminated microorganisms, and did not significantly alter the content of paeonol. However it seriously changed the color and morphology which are an essential criterion to estimate a measure of quality of medicinal herbs. Treatment with gamma irradiation showed a strong sterilizing effect, and no alteration of the content of paeonol, color and morphology. Alcohol gas treatment resulted in similar effects as those in gamma irradiation. Collectively, these results suggest that appropriate sterilizing methods to guarantee the microbial quality of this herbal medicine may be those using gamma irradiation or alcohol gas.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.817-828
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• 2023

Deteriorating soil physical properties and increasing soil pathogens due to the continuous cultivation of field crops are the leading causes of productivity deterioration. Crop rotation, soil heat treatment, and chemical control are used as pest control methods; however, each has limitations in wide application to domestic agriculture. In particular, chemical control requires improvement due to direct exposure to sterilizing solution, odor, and high-intensity work. To improve the overall domestic agricultural environment, the problems of time and cost, such as field maintenance and cultivation scale, must be addressed; therefore, mechanization technology for chemical control must be secured to derive improvement effects in a short period. Most related studies are focused on the control effect of the DMDS (dimethyl disulfide) sterilizer, and research on the performance of the sterilization spray device has been conducted after its introduction in Korea, but research on the corrosion suitability of the material is lacking. This study conducted a corrosion test to secure the corrosion resistance of a soil sterilizer injection pump, and a mechanical failure mode by corrosion by the material was established. The corrosion test comprised operation and neglect tests in which the sterilizing solution was circulated in the pump and remained in the pump, respectively. As a result of the corrosion test, damage occurred due to the weakening of the mechanical strength of the graphite material, and corrosion resistance to aluminum, stainless steel, fluororubber, and PPS (polyphenylene sulfide) materials was confirmed.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.134-147
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• 2005

Objective: This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Gami-Shengmayuipung-tang on acne. Methods : The effects of Gami-Shengmayuipung-tang (SYTSRG) on acne were measured by the $5\alpha-reductase$ inhibition, the sterilizing power for Propionibactrium acnes, the cytotoxicity of human monocyte, the inhibition for prostaglandins$(PGE_2)$, interleukins $(IL-l\beta)$ and $TNF-\alpha$ in inflammation, and the size of the hamtster ear sebaceous gland related to P. acnes. Results: On the $5\alpha-reductase$ inhibition of SYTSRG in vitro, an undiluted solution of SYTSRG showed $80\%$ inhibition on $5\alpha-reductase$ and 1/10 diluted solution of SYTSRG showed $40\%$ inhibition on $5\alpha-reductase$. On the sterilizing power for Propionibactrium acnes related acne, an undiluted solution and 1/10 diluted solution of SYTSRG formed $12\beta{\AE}$ clear zone diameters. SYTSRG did not show cytotoxicity of human monocyte. Concentrations of $0.01\%\;and\;0.04\%\;and\;0.08\%$ of SYTSRG inhibited the production of prostaglandins $(PGE_2)$ in the human monocyte stimulated with P. acnes LPS. $0.08\%$ and less of SYTSRG inhibited the production of interleukins $(IL-l\beta)$ in the human monocyte stimulated with P. acnes LPS. Concentrations of $0.04\%,\;0.08\%\;and\;0.12\%$ of SYTSRG inhibited the production of $TNF-\alpha$ in the human monocyte stimulated with P. acnes LPS. As the antiandrogenic compound, SYTSRG was used in hamster ears with topical application. SYTSRG diminished the size of the hamster ear sebaceous gland in males, but not in females. Conclusion: The present data suggest that SYTSRG may affect the primary stage of inflammation of acne.