• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2016

For the purpose of indoor air purification, air conditioner or purifier is generally used, but the long operating time induced the contamination by cumulation of bacteria in the air filter. The ozone sterilization method can be one of the effective sterilization method for this case. Ozone has not leave a secondary residual contaminants, as well as a strong sterilization power. In this study, nonthermal plasma technology is investigated as an ozone generator for the air filter sterilization. Additionally, nonthermal plasma technology is possible to obtain the generation of negative ions and electrostatic force by simply adjusting the applied voltage.

• 공업화학
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.261-265
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• 2011

아르곤과 산소 대기압 플라즈마를 이용한 미생물인 E. coli의 살균효과를 분석하였다. 유전체 격막 방전 형태의 플라즈마 반응기는 아르곤과 산소 혼합기체에서 균일한 플라즈마 방전과 오존 생성에 효과적이었다. 직접적인 대기압 플라즈마 조사에 따른 E. coli의 살균처리 공정에서 산소에 대한 혼합비와 인가전력의 증가는 방전기체의 오존 발생농도를 높여 미생물의 살균효과를 증가시켰다. 반응기와 시료와의 거리는 살균효과를 증가하기 위하여 가급적 작게 하는 것이 효율적이었다. 본 연구를 통하여 대기압 플라즈마는 오존과 같은 산화촉진제의 발생으로 저온에서 E. coli와 같은 미생물을 효과적으로 살균할 수 있어 기존의 살균법을 대체 할 수 있는 차세대 살균기술로서의 개발 가능성을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2014

The sterilization of health care products is widely used to choose conventional Ethylene Oxide gas sterilization in South Korea. But the method has brought serious issues because of the toxic residual gas and global warming of $CO_2$ evacuation after the sterilization process. This study is carried out to confirm the application possibility of gamma sterilization instead of Ethylene Oxide in sanitary aid products. Four kinds of products (gauze, menstrual pad, bandage, menstrual tampon) were treated with gamma irradiation of 15 kGy, then analyzed the achievement of the sterility assurance level (SAL) $10^{-6}$ through BI test. The cytotoxicity of accelerated samples of 6 months elapse evaluated by means of colony forming rate at various concentration of the extracts. pH and UV measurements at extract concentrations were tested according to the MFDS (Ministry of food & drug safety) guideline to verify a stability & safety of product sterilized. The results revealed that the extracts did not show any significant changes in cytoxicity assay as well as pH and UV values by gamma sterilization. All extract concentration was observed high cell viability, pH and UV values were calculated within the acceptable range prescribed by the guideline. It indicates that gamma sterilization could effectively substitute for conventional sterilization such as Ethylene Oxide sterilization in the sanitary aid products.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.5247-5253
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• 2012

본 연구는 식혜와 액상 커피의 제조 공정중 HACCP system을 이용하여 한계 기준 설정을 위한 목적으로 실시하였다. 살균공정의 한계 기준 설정은 충북 진천시 소재의 P사에서 약 30일 (2012년 4월 1~30일) 동안 살균온도와 시간을 측정하였다. 그 결과, 멸균전에는 식혜와 액상 커피에서 미생물이 검출되었다. 반면에 식혜(238mL Can, 500mL and 300mL PP, 1.8L PP)에서 모든 미생물은 살균($121{\pm}1^{\circ}C$에서 $15{\pm}1$, $35{\pm}1$ and $45{\pm}1$분) 후에는 검출되지 않았고, 액상 커피도 살균($121{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, $20{\pm}1$분)후 검출되지 않았다. 가장 적당한 온도와 시간을 결정하기 위한 살균기 조건은 $121{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, $20{\pm}1$분이었다. 결론적으로, 살균공정은 유해미생물(일반세균, 대장균군, 병원성 미생물)를 예방, 감소 또는 제거할 수 있는 좋은 대안이 될 것이다. 따라서 품질 유지와 생물학적 안전성을 위한 살균 온도와 시간의 한계기준은$121{\pm}1^{\circ}C$에서 $20{\pm}1$분으로 설정하였다. 그리고 HACCP 계획은 살균 공정중 모니터링 방법과 모니터링 주기, 문제 해결 방법, 교육, 훈련, 기록 관리 등을 위하여 필요하여 이를 제안하고자 한다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.241-247
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to compare the ultrasound gel container washing methods for the sterilization of contaminants and to find the useful methods for the prevention of infection caused by the ultrasonic gel containers. In this experiment, a 250 mL ultrasonic gel container was used, and the ultrasonic gel used was a non-sterile gel (ECO GEL 99, SeungWon Medical, Korea). In order to evaluate the degree of contamination, new 250 mL 15 containers were divided into 5 groups to perform five types of washing by no treatment, washing with water, washing with soap, washing with bottle cleaner and high disinfection level washing. After the washing process, filled the gel container with gel and after 2 weeks, the number of colonies in the gel container was sampled repeatedly twice in the same ultrasonic laboratory and compared before and after washing. As a result of among the five cleaning methods used in this study, 87.2% and 88.9% of the soapy water washing (p = 0.028) and high level washing (p = 0.027) showed significant bacterial reduction rates, respectively. Our findings conclusively an ultrasonic gel container cleaning method for removing contaminants has been found to be an effective sterilization method at a low cost with a soapy water cleaning method. Therefore, it is expected that it will be helpful to prevent the infection caused by the ultrasonic gel container by suggesting the sterilization cleaning method that is practically useful in this study.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.368-370
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• 1998

In order to determine the optimal radiation dose for the sterilization of biowastes, the bioburden, frequencies and radiosensitivities of bacteria, mold and fungi in rice straw, chaff, corn stover and sawdust was observed before and after ${\gamma}-ray$ irradiation. Radiation sterilization dose of rice straw, chaff, com stover and sawdust was calculated as 17.7, 17.6, 15.6 and 20.0kGy, respectively, from the mutual compensation of screening dose and derived dose on the basis of $10^{-3}$ SAL. This method could be acceptable for the sterilization of various biowastes including food, pharmaceuticals, etc.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.108-116
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• 2004

Purpose: There has been a number of reports on elution of bisphenol-A, an endocrine disrupting chemical, from milk bottles, all concerning the potential health effect of the substance. In this study, we measured the elution of bisphenol-A from milk bottles during boiling-water sterilization, to suggest a safe sterilization method. Method: Through the survey of 200 mothers, 78.5％ of them expressed their concern on the possible harmful effect of bisphenol-A, which might be eluted from the bottles. And it was found that most mothers use boiling-water to sterilize bottles; duration of boiling bottles could be divided into three groups of 3, 5, and 10 minutes. We measured the elution of bisphenol- A from three different brands of bottles, subject to various mode of sterilization found in the survey. Result: In all the measurements, the concentration of the eluted bisphenol-A was in the range of 0.3 - 0.7 ppb, far below 2.5ppm, the level set up by Korea Food ％amp; Drug Administration(KFDA) for a potential harmful effect. Conclusion: Although trace amount of bisphenol -A can be eluted from polycarbonate milk bottles during sterilization, and bottle feeding, the amount is found to be too small to cause any health related impact for infants.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.71-81
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• 1985

A clinical analysis has been made on 717 cases of tubal sterilization which had been performed at the Dept. of Obstet. & Gynecol., Kyung Hee University Hospital from Jan. 1, 1976 to Dec. 31, 1980. The results are as follows: 1) Prominant age group consisted of those 26-30 years old with frequency of 43.9%, the average being 30.6 years old. 2) Women having 2 living children represented 52.4% of the total and the average No. of living children was 2.5. 3) According to the sex of their children, 29.7% of all cases had one son and one daughter. 12.1% of cases had no son, while 25.7% of cases had no daughter, which showed a trend of male preference. 4) 47.7% of total cases had not experienced artificial abortion before sterilization and the mean No. of artificial abortion was 1.8. 5) With respect to interval between last delivery and tubal sterilization, 76.1% of cases was sterilized within postpartum period (including-c-section) and 12.4% of cases was sterilized within 3 years. 6) The contraceptive methods prior to sterilization were 42.8% with no method used, 17.7% by condom, 16.6% by oral pills, 14.9% by IUD method. 7) 84.5% of puerperal sterilization operation was performed within 48 hours after bearing. 8) Sterilization procedures were coincidentally performed with appendectomy (36.7%), D&E (15.8%), perineorrhaphy (5.0%), salpingectomy (1.8%), and ovarian cystectomy (1.5%). 9) General anesthesia was performed in the majority cases (88.4%). 10) Complications after the procedure were encountered in 7.8% (56 cases), but no intensive medical care was required for these complications. 11) The failure (0.3%) resulting in intrauterine pregnancies occured after the laparoscopic sterilization.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.4018-4024
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• 2012

본 연구는 볶음김치스프 제조공정중 살균공정의 살균온도와 시간에 대한 한계기준 설정을 위한 목적으로 실시하였다. 살균공정의 한계기준 설정은 경기도 이천시 소재의 P사에서 약 30일 (2012년 5월 1일~30일)동안 살균온도, 살균시간, 관능평가, 보관실험 및 보관 중 pH변화를 측정하였다. 분석결과 살균 전, 일반세균, 대장균군과 내열성 세균수(세균아포수)는 $6.00{\times}10^5$, $7.50{\times}10^2$ 그리고 $2.75{\times}10^2$ 검출되었다. 그러나 $90{\pm}5^{\circ}C$에서 $22{\pm}5min$ 동안 살균한 모든 시료에서는 일반세균, 대장균군, 내열성세균수(세균아포수) 모두 검출되지 않았다. 관능평가 결과는 $90{\pm}5^{\circ}C$에서 $22{\pm}5min$ 동안 살균했을 때 가장 맛있는 김치으로써 결정되었다. 결론적으로, 볶음 김치의 살균공정은 유해미생물(일반세균, 대장균군, 내열성세균수)를 예방, 감소 또는 제거할 수 있는 좋은 대안이 될 것이다. 따라서 품지 유지와 생물학적 안전성을 위한 살균 온도와 시간의 한계 기준은 $90{\pm}5^{\circ}C$에서 $22{\pm}5$분으로 설정하였다. 그리고 HACCP 계획은 살균 공정중 모니터링 방법과 모니터링 주기, 문제 해결 방법, 교육, 훈련, 기록 관리 등을 위하여 필요하여 이를 제안하고자 한다.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.695-703
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• 2020

의료기술 발전으로 인해 의료기기 사용이 증가하는 추세이다. 의료기기 중 이식 및 치료를 위해 인체 내에 사용되는 경우가 많다. 그러므로 의료기관에서는 감염 예방을 위해 의료기기 형태와 재질에 따른 멸균법들이 다양하게 적용되고 있다. 뼈 이식에서 수산화인화석 재료가 가장 많이 보급되어 있다. 소형 의료기기에 알맞은 비전리방사선 중 고출력에너지를 가진 Q-switch Nd:YAG 레이저를 이용한 멸균법을 제시하고자 한다. 대장균과 충치균을 수산화인화석 디스크에 오염시켜, 출력1.5 W, 파장은 각각 자외선(266, 355 nm), 가시광선(532 nm), 적외선(1,064 nm), 1과 10 펄스를 각각 조사하였다, 본 연구에서 자외선 파장인 1.5 W, 266 nm, 10 pulse에서 멸균력을 가장 이상적으로 보여주었다. 다른 파장대인 적외선, 가시광선은 소극적 멸균력을 보였으며, 자외선 A와 자외선 C는 펄스에 따라 멸균 차이를 보였다. 레이저 멸균에서 파장 및 펄스에 따라 멸균 차이를 알 수 있었다.