• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.413-419
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• 2009

The appropriate dripper position in perlite bag was investigated for tomato production. Drippers were laid at 5(F5), 15cm (F15) away from the stem base or 5cm at first and then moved to 15cm later (M5-15). Roots were developed more near the stem base in F5, while less in F15. Roots were distributed evenly in M5-15. In vertical distribution of water in perlite bag, water content was higher as it went deeper with the variation by dripper positions. Yield was high in F15 and low in F5. In conclusion the position of dripper is the best at 15cm from the stem base in perlite bag culture in view of root distribution and yield.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.295-300
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• 2014

This study was carried out to produce more Parasenecio firmus in forest farming. In order to achieve this purpose, it was surveyed the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of P. firmus. Relatively light intensity was controlled by 100%, 60%, 30% and 5% of full sunlight. Height was the highest under 5% of full sunlight. Shoot diameter was the highest in full sunlight. Fresh weight (leaf, stem, root and total) and dry weight (leaf, root and total) were the highest under 30% of full sunlight. S (leaf+stem)/R (root) ratio was the lowest under 30% of full sunlight and the highest under 5% of full sunlight. In leaf characteristics, leaf area, SLA and LAR were getting higher in the lower light level and the highest under 5% of full sunlight ($176.1cm^2$, $420.5cm^2{\cdot}g^{-1}$ and $123.5cm^2{\cdot}g^{-1}$). Especially, leaf area was surveyed higher under 30% of full sunlight in the next. Leaf thickness was getting lower in the lower light level and the lowest under 5% of full sunlight (overall 0.14~0.24 mm). As a result of surveying the whole experiment, P. firmus grows well under 30% and 5% of full sunlight in forest farming.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.272-278
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• 2020

This study was conducted to confirm the component and efficacy evaluation of Buxus Koreana by different part. Leaf, stem, root, and fruit were extracted with 70% ethanol, and the contents of polyphenols and flavonoids were analyzed, and the efficacy against anti-inflammatory, moisturizing and wrinkles were confirmed. The contents of polyphenols and flavonoids of B. Koreana were the highest in fruit extracts at 77.32 and 51.91 mg/g, respectively. As a result of confirming the NO production inhibitory effect, the root extracts showed an inhibitory effect of 29.6%, and iNOS significantly decreased as the concentration of the extracts increased compared to the LPS treatment group. As a result of checking the mRNA expression level of MMP1, it was found to be effective in the root and stem extracts. Through the efficacy evaluation of B. Koreana the possibility of use as a cosmetic material was confirmed.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.194-200
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• 1984

This study was conducted to identify inbreds and hybrids by measuring plant height, root and other characters at early growing stage. Five inbreds and four hybrids were used for the study and results obtained are as follows; 1. Shoot and root length were significantly different between inbreds and hybrids even 5 days after germination. Slight differences within inbreds and hybrids were also observed. 2. Significantly different observations between inbreds and hybrids for stem diameter, fresh weight, and dry matter of root and stem began to show 23 days after germination.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.71-76
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• 1995

Variation of plant characters and correlation anlaysis of its in Bupleurum falcatum, medicinal plant, were investigated to find useful selection characters and to obtain fundamental data for breeding. The variation was generally high. In plants having high height and many branch, stem thickness was high and leaf and root weight were great. The group of short height and many branch showing low frequency was higher than that of medium height and branch showing high frequency. And the correlation between top and root characters were positively significant The major top characters correlated with root yield were stem thick-ness, branch number, node number, node position attached 1st branch(NPFB), and leaf area.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.217-221
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• 2012

This research was conducted to investigate the influence of various organic substrates on growth and yield of ginseng seedling grown organically in the closed plastic house. The pH and EC of substrates used for organically ginseng cultivation ranged 5.93~6.78 and 0.03~0.15 dS/m respectively. The concentrations $NH_4$-N and $NO_3$-N respectively was 14.01~68.63 mg/L, 5.60~58.83 mg/L. The average quantum of the closed plastic house was range from 10 to 16% of natural light. In July and August, the maximum temperature of the closed plastic house did not exceed 30 and the average temperature was maintained within 25 lower than the field because air conditioning ran. The PPV-1 and PPV-2 bed soil substrates produced higher stem length, stem diameter, shoot fresh weight and leaf area than those of conventional culture. In PPV-2 bed soil substrates, root fresh weight and root diameter was the highest. The root fresh weight of PPV-2 bed soil substrates in closed plastic house was maximum 25% heavier than the conventional cultivation. The results of this experiment will be utilized for making new substrate application for organic ginseng culture in the plastic house.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.187-193
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• 2013

Dry matter allocation characteristics of Calystegia soldanella, grown in pots, was analysed to assess its plasticity in response to water-stressed conditions. As water was withheld leaf water potential between the two watering treatments was similar during the first 6 days, followed by a rapid decrease in water-stressed plants. The minimum leaf water potential was -1.50 MPa on day 15 and the maximum leaf water potential was about -0.5 MPa on day 0 in water-stressed plants. In well-watered plants leaf water potential was maintained almost consistently throughout the experiment. There was no significant difference in plant dry weight between the two watering treatments for 9 days after the start of experiment and that was remarkably increased thereafter, compared with that remained without any increase in water-stressed plants. In dry mass partitioning, however, the water-stressed plants showed a great plasticity, showing that there were 1.81, 1.35 and 0.81 times increase in root, stem and leaf, respectively. Dry mass partitioning in well-watered plants varied from 2% to 5%. The difference of dry mass partitioning between the two watering treatments was reflected in leaf mass per unit area (LMA) and root/shoot (R/S) ratio. LMA in water-stressed plants was lower than that in well-watered plants, while R/S ratio in water-stressed plants was higher in well-watered plants. This means that the water-stressed plants reduced its leaf area and increased dry mass partitioning into root and stem during the progress of soil drying. These results indicate that Calystegia soldanella inhabiting in sand dune cope with water stress with high plasticity which can adjust its dry mass partitioning according to soil water conditions.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.377-382
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• 2021

Oriental melon (Cucumis melo L.) is generally cultivated on the ground by creeping culture. A farmer has a higher workload for training stems. This study was conducted to find out a new cultivation of oriental melon to reduce a workload and improve the quality of fruit. There were three treatments for training stem of oriental melon; upward stem growing, downward stem growing, control (creeping stem growing). The results of the plant growth and the net photosynthesis showed higher in upward stem growing. The root activity was higher in downward stem attract. The yield was not significant as 4,055kg/10a in upward stem attract and 3,983kg/10a in downward stem attract. According to the results of the ergonomic agricultural workload evaluation, in the case of the working posture, the working posture of creeping cultivation methods (squatting, bending) showed a higher risk level than the upward and downward cultivation methods. Therefore, it is recommended the upward stem attract of oriental melon is a new cultivation as well as an alternative method for creeping stem attract in terms of improving the plant growth and yield, and reducing the workload.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.260-265
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• 1997

Varietal distances were measured by Euclidian $D^2$ statistics in 1, 891 possible comparisons among sixty two varieties of Alisma plantago with seven characters such as leaf width, leaf length, stem length, number of stems per plant, root diameter, and yield of fresh and dry root. A complete linkage cluster analysis based on the Euclidian distance $(D^2)$ was attempted. Sixty two cultivars of Alisma plantago were largely classified into five subgroups. Group 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 included twelve, twenty one, seventeen, five and seven cultivars, respectively. Most of the varietal groups were not associated with their geographical origins. Stem length and root weight among the seven characters were the largest contributors to the $D^2$ in both intra- and inter- groups.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.453-461
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• 2008

This study was conducted to develop a root-removed splice grafting system for cucurbitaceous vegetables, mainly watermelon and cucumber seedlings, for the seedlings factories where currently most of seedlings grafting works are carried out by manual works. The major results of the study are as follows. The dimensions of rootstocks and scions, except cotyledon width, of root- removed splice grafting of watermelon and cucumber were shown to be varied within the 2.5-fold range. The growth status of seedlings were not consistent in terms of cotyledon sprouting direction and angle which were considered as one of the important factors for in root-removed splice grafting. The grafting work of root-removed splice for grafted watermelon and cucumber could be divided by four sub-operations: seedling supplying, cutting, clipping and potting, while a part or all root of the rootstock was removed in the seedlings supplying operation. The cutting angles of the rootstock and scion were $34-45^{\circ}$ and $20-45^{\circ}$, respectively, while the stem length of the scion varied from 6 mm to 12 mm. The splices of rootstock and scion were heaped up in parallel and then fixed by a clip. It indicated that the ideal grafting system, adopting conventional grafting processes of seedlings specifications as well as conventionally manual root-removed splice grafting method, performed very well for seedlings gripping and transporting, supplying clip, clipping and discharging grafted seedlings while workers supplied seedlings to the semi-automatical system.