• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.223-241
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• 2007

Seven full-scale exterior beam-column joints were produced and tested under reversible cyclic loads to determine. Two of these seven specimens were produced using ordinary reinforced concrete (RC). Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete (SFRC) was placed in three different regions of the beams of the rest five specimens to determine the extent of the region where SFRC is the most effective. The extent of the region of SFRC was kept constant at the columns of all five specimens. Three of these five specimens which had one stirrup in the joint, were tested to evaluate the effect of the stirrup on the behavior of the beam-column joint together with SFRC. In production of the specimens with SFRC, all special requirements of the Turkish Earthquake Code related to the spacing of hoops were disregarded. Previous researches reported in the literature indicate that the fiber type, the volume content, and the aspect ratio of steel fibers affect the behavior of beam-column joints produced with SFRC. The results of the present investigation show that the behavior of exterior beam-column joints depends on the extent of the region where SFRC is used and the usage of stirrup in the joint, in addition to the parameters listed in the literature.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.59-75
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• 2014

A new concrete confinement model is developed to predict the axial load versus displacement behavior of circular columns under concentric axial load. The new confinement model is proposed for concrete filled steel tube columns as well as circular reinforced concrete columns with steel tube jacketing. Existing confinement models were evaluated and improved using available experimental data from different sets of columns tested under similar loading conditions. The proposed model is based on commonly used confinement models with an emphasis on modifying the effective confining pressure coefficient utilizing the strength of the unconfined concrete and the steel tube, the length of the column, and the thickness of the steel tube. The proposed model predicts the ultimate axial strength and the corresponding strain with an acceptable degree of accuracy while also highlighting the importance of the manner in which the steel tube is used.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• v.18 no.2E
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• pp.133-142
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• 2006

An experimental study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of transverse steel in reinforced concrete tied columns subjected to monotonically increasing axial compression. Eighteen large-scale columns($260{\times}260{\times}1,200mm$) were tested. Effects of such main variables as concrete compressive strength, configurations of transverse steel, transverse reinforcement ratio, spacing of transverse steel, and spalling of concrete cover were investigated. High-strength concrete columns under concentric axial loads show extremely brittle behavior unless the columns are confined with transverse steel that can provide sufficiently high lateral confinement pressure. A consistent decrease in the deformability of the column test specimens was observed with increasing concrete strength. Test results of this study were compared with existing confinement models of modified Kent-Park, Sheikh-Uzumeri, Mander, and Saatcioglu-Razvi. The comparison indicates many existing models to predict the behavior of confined concrete overestimate or underestimate the ductility of confined concrete.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.297-304
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• 2003

This paper presents the test results of RCS(Reinforced Concrete Steel) beam-column joint with various types of transverse reinforcements such as small-column-type transverse reinforcements, four-piece ㄱ-shape assembled hoops and four-piece ㄱ-shape welded hoops. Five interior beam-column joint specimens were tested to examine the seismic performance and the shear strengths. From the test results, it was found that all the specimens sustained their strength at large levels of story drift(${\theta}$=0.035) without significant loss of strength and stiffness. Therefore it was concluded that the seismic performance and shear strength of the proposed RCS joint are at least the same as those of the specimen with conventional reinforcing details. Also, the contribution of the outer panel to the shear strength of the joint should be evaluated by the compression strut mechanism rather than compression field mechanism.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.283-288
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• 2007

This paper presents an analytical prediction of Nonlinear characteristics of prestressed concrete bridges by strengthened of externally tendon considering the work sequence, using beam-column element based on flexibility method and tendon element. The beam-column element was developed with reinforced concrete material nonlinearities which are based on the smeared crack concept. The fiber hysteresis rule of beam-column element is derived from the uniaxial constitutive relations of concrete and reinforcing steel fibers. The tendon element represent the bonded tendon and unbonded tendon behaviors. Beam-column element and tendon element was be subroutine A computer program, named RCAHEST (Reinforced Concrete Analysis in Higher Evaluation System Technology), for the analysis of RC and PSC structures was used. The proposed numerical method for prestressed concrete structures by strengthened of externally tendon is verified by comparison with reliable experimental results.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.293-310
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• 2007

Theoretical foundation for the buckling load determination in reinforced concrete columns is described and analytical solutions for buckling loads of the Euler-type straight reinforced concrete columns given. The buckling analysis of the limited set of restrained reinforced concrete columns is also included, and some conclusions regarding effects of material non-linearity and restrain stiffnesses on the buckling loads and the buckling lengths are presented. It is shown that the material non-linearity has a substantial effect on the buckling load of the restrained reinforced concrete columns. By contrast, the steel/concrete area ratio and the layout of reinforcing bars are less important. The influence on the effective buckling length is small.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.527-539
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• 2018

The use of reinforced concrete (RC) shear wall with concrete filled steel tube (CFST) columns and steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) shear wall has aroused widespread attention in recent years. A new shear wall, named SFRC shear wall with CFST columns, is proposed in this paper, which makes use of CFST column and SFRC shear wall. Six SFRC shear wall with CFST columns specimens were tested under cyclic loading. The effects of test parameters including steel fiber volume fraction and concrete strength on the failure mode, strength, ductility, rigidity and dissipated energy of shear wall specimens were investigated. The results showed that all tested shear wall specimens exhibited a distinct shear failure mode. Steel fibers could effectively control the crack width and improve the distribution of cracks. The load carrying and energy dissipation capacities of specimens increased with the increase of steel fiber volume fraction and concrete strength, whilst the ductility of specimens increased with the increase of steel fiber volume fraction and the decrease of concrete strength.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.115-123
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• 2020

The performance of steel fiber reinforced geopolymer concrete beam column joints under cyclic loading was investigated. The volume fraction of fibers considered were 0.25% (19.62 kg/㎥), 0.5% (39.24 kg/㎥), 0.75% (58.86 kg/㎥) and 1% (78.48 kg/㎥). A total of fifteen specimens were prepared and tested under reverse cyclic loading. Test results were analyzed with respect to first crack load, ultimate load, energy absorption capacity, energy dissipation capacity, stiffness degradation and load deflection behavior. Test results revealed that the addition of steel fibers enhanced the performance of geopolymer concrete beam column joints significantly. The joints were analyzed using finite element software ANSYS. The analytical results were found to compare satisfactorily with the experimental values.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.223-239
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• 2021

This paper presents the analytical modeling and finite element (FE) analysis, using ABAQUS software, of the new types of steel reinforced lightweight aggregate concrete (SRLAC) columns with cross-shaped (+shaped and X-shaped) steel section, using proposed three analytical and two FE models in total. The stress-strain material models for different components in the columns, including the confined zones of the lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) using three and four concrete zones divisions approaches and with and without taking into account the stirrups reaction effect, are established first. The analytical models for determining the axial load-deformation behavior of the SRLAC columns are drawn based on the materials models. The analytical and FE models' results are compared with previously reported test results of the axially loaded SRLAC columns. The proposed analytical and FE models accurately predict the axial behavior and capacities of the new types of SRLAC columns with acceptable agreements for the load-displacement curves. The LWAC strength, steel section ratio, and steel section configuration affect the contact stress between the concrete and steel sections. The average ratios of the ultimate test load to the three analytical models and FEA model loads, Put /Pa1, Put /Pa2, Put /Pa3, and Put /PFE1, for the tested specimens are 0.96, 1.004, 1.016, and 1.019, respectively. Finally, the analytical parametric studies are also studied, in terms of the effects of confinement, LWAC strength, steel section ratio, and the reinforcement ratio on the axial capacity of the SRLAC column. When concrete strength, confinements, area of steel sections, or reinforcement bars ratio increased, the axial capacities increased.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.333-338
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• 1997

This paper describes an experimental study on the crack and fracture behavior of the FRC column. The test were carried out as Fiber contents in the Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete and addition of Polypropylene Fiber in PFRC for evaluate the ability of ductility. In this study, the width and size of crack reduced remarkably and the progress of cracks were restrained by the steel fiber contents increasing, and in the case of PFRC the occurrence of initial crack reduced conspicuously. Accordingly, the addition of steel fiber in Reinforced Concrete Columns considerably prevent an unexpected buckle and rupture, secure durability and stability of columns.