• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.9-23
• /
• 2000

This study was designed to test the differences in children's social information-processing patterns and bahavioral characteristics among four different groups of peer status, and to evaluate the predictability of peer status from social information-processing and social behavior. In addition, age and sex differences were assessed. The subjects were 80 boys and 80 girls identified as popular, average, neglected, and rejected by their peers in the first and the third grade. They responded to a sociometric test and three hypothetical social dilemmas, while behavioral characteristics were rated by their teachers. The data were analyzed by ANOVAs, and discriminant analyses. The results showed that children's social information-processing patterns were not significantly different by peer status except the number of interventions requested. Whereas children's behavioral characteristics were different by peer status in all of the four domains. Children's social information-processing patterns and behavioral characteristics were different in part by age and sex. The important predictors of peer status were hyperactive-distractive, anxious-withdrawn, sociable-prosocial behaviors, and the number of interventions requested.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.74-80
• /
• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among perceived health status, physical symptom, and depression in the elderly of Rural areas. Method: subjects were 633 elders selected during Feb. to May in 2005. All subject agreed to participate and filled out the survey questionnaire after signing the consent form. scales used in this study are the Perceived Health Status, the Physical Health Questionnaire(PHQ) and the Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS). Data was analyzed by the SPSS/PC 12.0 program. Result: 1) The mean score of perceived health status was 7.78; the mean score of physical symptom was 18.56; the mean score of depression was 8.53, and 64.6% of the subjects belonged to the depression group. 2) Perceived health status had significant relationship with educational level, spouse, and economic status; between physical symptom and educational level, number of chronic disease; between depression and spouse, economic status, number of chronic disease. 3) Depression had negative correlation with perceived health status, but had positive correlation with physical symptom. Conclusion: Considering these findings, it is necessary that depression management programs and care intervention programs considering regional and environmental elements for the elderly in Rural areas.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.25-32
• /
• 2005

This study was conducted in 2005 to investigate the current status of total packaging industries in Korea. The trends in development of the packaging industry were observed and interpreted as several factors such as the number of packaging industries, the number of employee in packaging industries, size, employee salary, and locations of packaging industry. The number of companies showed the increase of 6.3% per year until 2002 compared to 2175 companies at packaging industry in 1991. Based on the data of the number of companies to produce packaging materials, the packaging companies for plastic, metal, and wood were rapidly increased up to over 9%, whereas the glass and paper companies were only increased in 2%. The number of paper, plastic, wood, and packaging machine companies located at Seoul in 2002 was showed the great reduction, except to glass company compared to the number of the packaging industries in 1993 according to location of the company. Value added per employee in total packaging material industries were showed about 53-thousand dollars in 2002. These values were showed about 64.5% for total manufacture industries and increased to 8.1% from 1991 to 2002.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.205-215
• /
• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between the number of remaining teeth and bone health status among adults over 65 years old. Methods: The study subjects were 1,843 adults over 65 years old drawn from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) in 2008-2010. Oral health status included the number of remaining teeth, and prosthetic appliance status. Bone health statuses were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Bone health statuses were classified into normal (T-score ${\geq}-1.0$), osteopenia (-2.5 < T-score < -1.0), and osteoporosis (T-score ${\leq}-2.5$). Complex samples chi-square test was used to estimate the relationship between the number of remaining teeth and bone health status, and related factors included in the model were analyzed with the complex samples logistic regression analysis. Results: Using the multinomial logistic regression analytic method, the elderly having 20 or more remaining teeth and those having less than 20 remaining teeth with prosthesis were compared. The latter group had 1.89 times higher rate of being diagnosed as having osteoporosis. Conclusions: This study suggests that oral health is an important factor for geriatric osteoporosis. Therefore, in order to prevent fractures due to osteoporosis and osteoporosis in old age, it is necessary to be aware of the relationship between oral health and osteoporosis, and oral health should be considered when preparing preventive management strategies.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.53 no.2
• /
• pp.135-144
• /
• 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of periodontitis according to current smoking status based on the number of cigarettes smoked per day (CPD) and the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). Methods: All enrolled patients were diagnosed and classified according to the new periodontal classification scheme, and current smoking status was investigated via a self-reported questionnaire. The correlation between smoking status (CPD and FTND) and periodontitis risk (severity of periodontitis and tooth loss due to periodontal reasons) was statistically assessed using Spearman correlation coefficients. Moreover, partial correlation analyses between smoking and periodontal status were performed after adjusting for age, sex, and diabetes mellitus. Results: Overall, data from 74 men and 16 women (mean age: 48.1±10.8 years) were evaluated. The mean number of missing teeth, CPD, and FTND score were 3.5±5.2, 24.6±15.5, and 3.5±2, respectively. CPD and the FTND were significantly positively correlated with each other (r=0.741, P<0.001). CPD and the FTND were also significantly correlated with the severity of periodontitis (CPD: r=0.457, P<0.05 and FTND: r=0.326, P<0.05) and the number of missing teeth due to periodontal reasons (CPD: r=0.525, P<0.05 and FTND: r=0.480, P<0.05), respectively. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, both CPD and the FTND were significantly correlated with the severity of periodontitis and the number of periodontally compromised extracted teeth.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.111-124
• /
• 2001

This study was conducted to identify the characteristics of pain, self-esteem, perceived health status, and self-efficacy and its influencing factors in patients with chronic arthritis. The data were obtained from 104 patients with chronic arthritis registered in one university hospital in Seoul, from May to August, 2000. For analysing the data, SAS program was used for t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. The results were as follows: 1. The variables which showed significant difference with pain were sex, number of painful joints. 2. The variables which showed significant difference with perceived health status were age, diagnosis. number of painful joints. 3. The variables which showed significant difference with self-efficacy were duration of disease, number of painful joints. quality of sleeping. 4. Moderate negative correlation were observed between pain and perceived health status, self-efficacy, and low positive correlation was observed between self-esteem and perceived health status. Also self-esteem revealed moderate positive correlation with self-efficacy, and moderate positive correlation was observed perceived health status and self-efficacy. 5. The predictors to explain self-efficacy were number of painful joints, self-esteem, duration of disease, duration of exercise and pain. These predictors explained $36.05\%$ of variance of self-efficacy. In conclusion, the nursing intervention to improve self-efficacy for chronic arthritis patients focused not only physiological symptoms such as pain. but also psychosocial factors such as self-esteem.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.51 no.1
• /
• pp.54-67
• /
• 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was threefold, to longitudinally examine the risk of habitual smoking onset in adolescents, to delineate the effects of neighborhood characteristics and friends' smoking status on the habitual smoking onset, and to investigate whether the association between friends' smoking status and habitual smoking onset was moderated by neighborhood characteristics. Methods: This study conducted multilevel discrete-time survival analysis, using cohort data from the 3rd to 6th waves of the Korean Child and Youth Panel Survey, which excluded habitual smokers, matched with 2010 census data on respondents' residence. Results: Habitual smoking onset risk increased from the 8th to the 11th grade, and then slightly decreased from the 11th to the 12th grade. Friends' smoking status (B = 0.60, p < .001), smoking rate (B = 0.06, p = .038), and the number of tobacco outlets in the respondents' neighborhood (B = 0.51, p = .003) were positively associated with habitual smoking onset risk. Furthermore, the association between friends' smoking status and habitual smoking onset risk was moderated by the number of tobacco outlets in the neighborhood. Specifically, the association was stronger in neighborhoods with more tobacco outlets (B = 0.58, p = .048). Conclusion: Friends' smoking status and living in neighborhoods that are more susceptible to smoking increase the risk of habitual smoking. The number of tobacco outlets in the neighborhood enhances the peer effect of adolescent's smoking behavior. Therefore, policies or interventions designed to reduce youth's tobacco use should focus on not only on reducing peer smoking, but also restricting smoking by adults and the number of neighborhood tobacco outlets.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.454-461
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study was to confirm the relevance of dental health capacity and pulmonary function status. The subjects of this study were adults aged 40 years and older, who participated in pulmonary function and oral examinations. The data used for this study were raw data from the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013~2015). Statistical analysis was performed by analysis of complex sample survey data. The results were as follows: First, restrictive and obstructive patterns were more prevalent among males than females. They were even worse in older subjects. Approximately 67% of smokers had obstructive pattern. Second, there was a relevance between dental health capacity and pulmonary function status. The functioning teeth index, number of present teeth, and number of sound teeth (ST), which are indicators of dental health, declined with decreased pulmonary function. The number of missing teeth (MT) increased as the pulmonary function deteriorated (p<0.05). Third, the relevance between dental health capacity and pulmonary function status after stratifying the life-long smoking experience was statistically significant in the tissue health (T-health) index and ST among non-smokers. The relevance between dental health capacity and pulmonary function status after stratifying the life-long smoking experience was statistically significant (p<0.05) for the T-health index, ST, and MT among smokers. However, there was no relevance between dental health capacity and pulmonary function status after stratifying the life-long smoking experience and adjusting confounding variables. In conclusion, there was a relevance between dental health capacity and pulmonary function status after confounding variables were adjusted. However, there was no relevance between dental health capacity and pulmonary function status after stratifying the life-long smoking experience and adjusting confounding variables.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.37 no.6
• /
• pp.941-948
• /
• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk of malnutrition and its relationship with depression and perceived health status. Methods: A total number of 154 elderly over 60 years participated in the study through a community elderly center. The risk of malnutrition was measured by NSI (Nutritional Screening Initiative), depression by CES-D, and health status by a self-rated Likert scale. Results: About one fourth (22.7%) of the subjects had a high risk, and 31.2% had a moderate risk of getting malnutrition. Regarding depression, 34.4% (53 elderly) of the subjects had a high risk. Overall health status had a mean of 3.46 within the range of 1 to 5. In relation to demographic factors, female elderly (${\chi}^2=6.68$, p= .04), aged younger than 75 years old (${\chi}^2=8.60$, p= .01), and having co-morbidity (F=9.81, p= .001) were significantly related to a high risk of malnutrition. Having a higher depression score, higher number of co-morbidity, and lower perceived health status were significantly related to a higher risk of becoming malnourished. Conclusion: The elderly's risk of getting malnutrition was significantly related to their depression and perceived health status. With these findings nursing interventions focusing on these factors should be developed in order to improve the elderly's multidimensional well-being.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.53-65
• /
• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the current status of cancer screening among subjects in the lung cancer screening cycle and to analyze the factors affecting the cancer screening of subjects in the lung cancer screening cycle. Methods: This study used the 'National Health and Nutrition Survey 7th Year (2017)' surveyed nationwide as the main data. The subjects are lung cancer screening projects, the dependent variable is early cancer screening, the independent variables are gender, age, marital status, household income level, education level, national health insurance type, private health insurance, The number of chronic diseases, general health examination, smoking status, drinking status, moderate intensity physical activity, stress perception rate, and weight control efforts were determined. Results: The results of this study showed that factors affecting early cancer screening of lung cancer screening subjects were gender, age, marital status, education level, national health insurance, smoking status, drinking status, moderate physical activity, and weight. Irrespective of the control effort, it was found that the private medical insurance, the number of chronic diseases, the medical examination, and the stress perception rate were affected. Conclusion: If the lung cancer screening subjects recognize the importance of early cancer screening themselves and create a social environment to increase their participation rate, lung cancer screening patients and their families will help them to live a healthy life.