• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.44-52
• /
• 2013

For evaluating participation in collaboration project, the peer assement method is mostly used and various scoring methods have been proposed. But, the reliability and validity of the peer assessment method are still doubted for all most method. In order to overcome these weaknesss, some guidelines and training methods have been recommended. In this article, however, statistical technique is proposed for measuring individual contributions to collaboration projects considering each assessor's reliability. The gist of our proposed algorithm is that an assessor's reliability depends on the evaluation policy, and this reliability is evaluated by an analysis of variance of the scores assigned by the assessor. We also show that the proposed method is very efficient by case study in university class.

• Journal of Wellbeing Management and Applied Psychology
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.11-18
• /
• 2021

Purpose: This study aims to explore the correlation between job and hypertension. Hypertension is a major risk factor such as stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and vascular aneurysms. Research design, data and methodology: The data from this study are the 2017 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey classified into office workers and non-office workers. Frequency analysis was used for general characteristics analysis, and ANOVA test analysis was used for correlation between subjects' basic variables and blood pressure. The post analysis as turey was used to verify the validity of the statistical results. All statistical analyzes were performed using the IBM SPSS 24.0 program. Results: There was a difference in the prevalence of hypertension among office workers and non-office workers.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.155-167
• /
• 1999

The present study investigated various sales training programs used by apparel companies and compared each other in order to provide an important information for developing effective training programs for professional salesperson. Sixty eight companies were used and grouped into four categories based on brand characteristics : domestic national brand(DNB), casual brand(CB), foreign brand(FB) and domestic designer brand(DDB). Data were collected from the managers in charge or training salesperson by both questionnaires and personal and telephone interviews. Data were collected during July in 1998, and analyzed by using ANOVA, Duncan\`s multiple range test, and Chi-square test. Since the sample size was small, Yates\` correction formula was used to maximize statistical validity in non-parametric procedure of Chi-square test. The main purpose of sales training indicated by the companies were to satisfy customers and to maximize the profit. Significant differences were found among the groups in the importance level of training contents such as knowledge, and customer relation, training methods, place, and duration/frequency of training at training center.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.40 no.3
• /
• pp.253-269
• /
• 2020

This study aims to develop items to diagnose pre-service physics teachers' understanding of the conceptual knowledge of modern physics, based on the achievement criteria presented in the 2015 revised national science curriculum, and to identify the validity and reliability of the newly developed items. Data were collected from 467 pre-service physics teachers in the Physical Education Department or Science Education Department (Physics Education Major) of 15 universities across the nation. In this study the content validity, substantive validity, the internal structure validity, generalization validity, and the external validity proposed by Messick (1995) were examined by various statistical tests. The results of the MNSQ analysis showed that there was no nonconformity in the 23 items. The internal structure validity was confirmed by the standardized residual variance analysis, which shows that the 22 items was unidimensional. The generalization validity was confirmed by differential item functioning (DIF) analysis about groups lectured or not modern physics/quantum mechanics. In addition, item analysis and test analysis based on classical test theory were performed. The mean item difficulty is 0.66, mean item discrimination is 0.47 and mean point biserial coefficient obtained was 0.41. These results for item parameters satisfied the criteria respectively. The reliability of the internal consistency of the KR-20 is 0.77 and the Ferguson's delta obtained was δ = 0.972. By Rasch model analysis, the item difficulty (item measures) was discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.252-261
• /
• 2004

In this complex marketing world, marketers find themselves having to grapple with difficult issues about branding and their brand management. In many cases, a deeper understanding of how consumers feel, think, and act could provide valuable guidance to address these brand-management challenges. The objective of this study is to conceptualize and test the framework of building fashion brand equity, utilizing Keller＇s CBBE Model as a theoretical framework and Kim and Lim＇s (2002) scale as a measurement model of fashion brand equity. We conducted a survey toward 696 university students using Kim and Lim＇s fashion brand equity scale. To test the hypothesized building paths of fashion brand equity, statistical analyses were performed with AMOS 4.1 program using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model. The results of this study were as follows. First, fashion brand equity was defined in terms of six components; customer-brand resonance, customer feeling, customer judgment, brand imagery. brand performance and brand awareness. Fashion brand equity was multi-dimensional brand attitude, which could be measured by 16 items. Consequently, Kim and Lim＇s scale acquired a statistical validity. Second, the proposed conceptual framework of this study was partially significant. We can provide an effectiveness of Keller＇s CBBE model to conceptualize the building process of fashion brand equity. Third, it was different between two brands to build fashion brand equity.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.15-35
• /
• 2017

The method of weighted sum of evaluation using AHP is widely used in feasibility analysis and alternative selection. Final scores are given in forms of weighted sums and the alternative with largest score is selected. With two alternatives, as in feasibility analysis, the final score greater than 0.5 gives the selection but there remains a question that how large is large enough. KDI suggested a concept of 'grey area' where scores are between 0.45 and 0.55 in which decisions are to be made with caution, but it lacks theoretical background. Statistical testing was introduced to answer the question in some studies. It was assumed some kinds of probability distribution, but did not give the validity on them. We examine the various cases of weighted sum of evaluation score and show why the statistical testing has to be introduced. We suggest a non-parametric testing procedure which does not assume a specific distribution. A case study is conducted to analyze the validity of our suggested testing procedure. We conclude our study with remarks on the implication of analysis and the future way of research development.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.53-60
• /
• 2012

Accurate assessment of $CO_2$ emission from buildings requires gathering $CO_2$ emission data of various construction materials. Unfortunately, the amount of available data is limited in most countries. This study was conducted to present the $CO_2$ emission data of concrete, which is the most important construction material in Korea, by conducting a statistical analysis of the concrete mix proportion. Finally, regression models that can be used to estimate the $CO_2$ emission of concrete in all strengths were developed, and the validity of these models was evaluated using 24 and 35MPa concrete data. The validation test showed that the error ratio of the estimated value did not exceed a maximum of 5.33%. This signifies that the models can be used in acquiring the $CO_2$ emission data of concrete in all strengths. The proposed equations can be used in assessing the environmental impact of various construction structural designs by presenting the $CO_2$ emission data of all concrete types.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.543-553
• /
• 2016

The validity of statistical inference depends on proper randomization methods. However, even with proper randomization, we can have imbalanced with respect to important characteristics. In this paper, we introduce a method based on ranked auxiliary variables for treatment allocation in crossover designs using Latin squares models. We evaluate the improvement of the efficiency in treatment comparisons using the proposed method. Our simulation study reveals that our proposed method provides a more powerful test compared to simple randomization with the same sample size. The proposed method is illustrated by conducting an experiment to compare two different concentrations of titanium dioxide nanofiber (TDNF) on rats for the purpose of comparing weight gain.

• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.106-115
• /
• 2002

Little is known about sexual autonomy in the light of human sexual health or sexual behavior. The purpose of this study was to increase understanding of sexual autonomy by developing a scale to measure sexual autonomy in college students. The measure was based on the perspective of human beings as having autonomy. A methodological developmental design was used. The study was done in three steps and included concept development through content analysis of relevant literature individual interviews using open-ended questions with 19 college students, item analysis of data from self report questionnaires for item to total correlation, content validity index by professionals and college students, and factor analysis with principal component analysis. Three groups participated in testing the measurement scale; Group A in 1998, a nationwide convenience sample of college students (n=1,163), Group B, college students in 1999 (n=233), and Group C, college students in 2000 who responded to the measurement scale before and after a sex education program (n=216). A series of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to test validity. For analysis of the questionnaires, statistical methods including reliability (test-retest), item to total analysis, content validity, factor analysis for construct validity and t-test for mean difference according to gender, sexual coitus, previous sex education, and pre-post experiment sex education were used with SPSS 10.0. Results: 1. Two stable factors were extracted and these contributed 48.05% of the variance in the total score. All 13 items loaded above .40 on each factor. 2. Factor I with 10 items was named 'control' and factor II with 3 items and was named 'coping'. 3. Differences in sexual autonomy scores for college students according to their experience showed that there were significantly higher scores for sexual autonomy in the post sex education group(t=-10.841, p=.000), but there were no differences according to whether or not they had previous sex education. Female college students had higher sexual autonomy scores than male college students in A or B group (t=-5.933, p=.000/ t=-1.992, p=.048). 4. Cronbach's $\alpha$ was .8603 for the total 13 items with 1,632 college students, .8739 with 232 students, .8333$\sim$.7647 with pre-post sex education with 216 students. This measurement was found to have a high validity and reliability for measuring sexual autonomy in college students. Therefore, the author recommends that it be used to measure the effects of sex education. It is suggested that further study is needed to analyze the relationship between sexual autonomy and sexual behavior.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.47-53
• /
• 2018

Objectives: This study aimed to develop the attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-After School Checklist (ASK) to evaluate the severity of ADHD symptoms and self-management ability in children and adolescents in South Korea. Additionally, we evaluated the reliability and validity of the scale. Methods: We developed the ASK to evaluate the effect of ADHD psychopathologies on self-management and interpersonal impulsivity. We investigated the reliability and validity of the scale with 1349 parents (male 56.9%; 1202 parents of non-ADHD children, 147 parents of children with ADHD) in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province, Korea. Results: According to the construct validity test using principal constant analysis with the varimax rotation method, two factors explained 60.7% of the cumulative variance in ASK scores. Cronbach's alpha for the whole scale was 0.71. There was no statistical difference between mean ASK scores at test and retest. Mean total ASK scores of the ADHD group were significantly higher than those of the non-ADHD group (p<0.001). Conclusion: The ASK can be used as a reliable and valid tool to evaluate not only self-management capability of children and adolescents with ADHD in their academic and everyday life, but also their impulsiveness in interpersonal relationships.