• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.323-336
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• 1998

This thesis is to propose the method of evaluating the validity in stages on the design of a checklist based on the estimate theory of the validity on the design of a checklist and the method of evaluating the validity accordy to the purpose for usiug checklist and establish the standards of estimating the validity in stages on the checklist owing to the estimate theory with the journal, Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles. We are emboding the statistical consulting server using the proposed estimate method of the validity and the followings we the questions to solve in future. First, there are many kinds of the statistical methods used in the fields of learing and applied technalogy. So we must establish the statistical standars required in each field and study and develope the special statistical checklists. Second, it is neded to systemize the estimate methods and standard on the validity by building the statistical consult DB, evaluate the researchers according to the degrees of statistical knowledge the validity of study design iud propose the delicate and generalized statistical methods appropriate to the ability of researchers.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 2006

For the maritime traffic safety assessment of vessels navigating in harbor or fairway, simulation techniques by using shiphandling simulator system have been traditionally used. When designing the simulation experiments and when analyzing the simulation results, however, there has been a little systematic method. Ship-handling simulations can be regarded as a kind of statistical experiment by using ship-handling simulator system, which means that shiphandling simulation conditions should be designed statistically and that the simulation results should be statistically analyzed as well. For the safe and economic design of harbor and fairway, reasonable decisions based upon the scientific analysis of shiphandling simulation results are indispensable. In this paper, various statistical methods, such as Bayes theorem, statistical hypothesis testing, and probability distributions, are reviewed with a view to application to maritime traffic safety assessment. It is expected that more reasonable decisions on harbor and fairway design can be made from shiphandlers' view point by using statistical methods.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.453-469
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• 2022

The study of immune cellular composition has been of great scientific interest in immunology because of the generation of multiple large-scale data. From the statistical point of view, such immune cellular data should be treated as compositional. In compositional data, each element is positive, and all the elements sum to a constant, which can be set to one in general. Standard statistical methods are not directly applicable for the analysis of compositional data because they do not appropriately handle correlations between the compositional elements. In this paper, we review statistical methods for compositional data analysis and illustrate them in the context of immunology. Specifically, we focus on regression analyses using log-ratio transformations and the alternative approach using Dirichlet regression analysis, discuss their theoretical foundations, and illustrate their applications with immune cellular fraction data generated from colorectal cancer patients.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.41.1-41.12
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• 2019

Survival analysis mainly deals with the time to event, including death, onset of disease, and bankruptcy. The common characteristic of survival analysis is that it contains "censored" data, in which the time to event cannot be completely observed, but instead represents the lower bound of the time to event. Only the occurrence of either time to event or censoring time is observed. Many traditional statistical methods have been effectively used for analyzing survival data with censored observations. However, with the development of high-throughput technologies for producing "omics" data, more advanced statistical methods, such as regularization, should be required to construct the predictive survival model with high-dimensional genomic data. Furthermore, machine learning approaches have been adapted for survival analysis, to fit nonlinear and complex interaction effects between predictors, and achieve more accurate prediction of individual survival probability. Presently, since most clinicians and medical researchers can easily assess statistical programs for analyzing survival data, a review article is helpful for understanding statistical methods used in survival analysis. We review traditional survival methods and regularization methods, with various penalty functions, for the analysis of high-dimensional genomics, and describe machine learning techniques that have been adapted to survival analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.257-264
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• 2003

The perception of the importance of statistical methods for processing medical data in Korea's medical research and the practical use of the analysis method are insufficient. From this standpoint, in order to examine the features of the data analysis method used in the medical journals of Korea and America, we have examined the research papers which has been published in the exemplary medical journals of both countries. It showed that there was a large difference in the quantity and quality between Korea and America. Especially in the medical research of Korea, we could notice that the use of statistical methods were comparatively low. Hence the researchers in the medical area are encouraged to use more statistical methods in processing medical data.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.19 no.3 s.31
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• pp.134-145
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• 2006

Objective : This study was carried out to investigate what type of assumption and conditions are needed for the application of various statistical techniques such as descriptive statistics, t-test, analysis of variance, correlation analysis, regression analysis and chi-square test and to evaluate that they are used correctly in the research process. Methods : One more methods of statistical analysis were used in 91 papers among 162 papers selected from the journal of Korean oriental medical Ophthalmology & Otolaryngology & Dermatology from April 2003 to December 2005. So we analysed the type of statistical analysis method in 91 papers(clinical and experimental study) and assessed the their validity of statistical techniques by the check list consisting of 34 items(3 items for validity assessment of descriptive statistics, 6 items for t-test, 7 items for analysis of variance, correlation analysis and regression analysis, respectively, 4 items for chi-square test) Results : 1. The type of 65(40%) cases is experimental trial, the type of 55(34%) cases is case report, the type of 26(16%) cases is clinical trial and the type of 16(10%) cases is review, in 91 papers using statistical techniques among 162 papers selected from the journal of Korean oriental medical Ophthalmology & Otolaryngology & Dermatol-ogy from April 2003 to December 2005. 2. One more methods of statistical analysis were used in the experimental and clinical study. When we classified 125 units using statistical analysis methods in 91 papers according to statistical techniques such as descriptive statistics, t-test, analysis of variance, correlation analysis, regression analysis and chi-square test, the number of independent sample t-test is 33(26%), the number of only descriptive statistics is 28(22%), the number of independent sample t-test is 33(26%), the number of only descriptive statistics is 28(22%), the number of one way ANOVA is 15(12%), the number of non-parametric test 10(8%). 3. After carrying out one way ANOVA, the number of using multiple comparison methods is 15(Scheffe:6(26%), Duncan:4(17%), Dunnett:3(13%), Tukey:2(9%)) out of 23 (total case carrying out one way ANOVA). 8(35%) out of 23 did not enforce multiple comparison methods after carrying out one way ANOVA. 4. From the assessment of validity about 63 cases using statistical techniques(except descriptive statistics), 5(8%) cases are proper, the other 58(92%) are improper, so we recognized a serious misuse of statistical application in our journal. 5. The number of case below 10 sample size in experimental and clinical study(except descriptive statistics) is 31(34%) and frequent. Also the number of case containing no mention of sample size is 41(45%, including culture study). 6. For example of statistical error, there are wrong choice of statistical technique, lack of check on standard assumption(such as standard distribution, equivariance, independence), and so on. Conclusions : We investigated the validity of statistical analysis methods in our journal by check list consisting of 34 items and suggested correct statistical analysis methods. We should practice the spread of education about statistical analysis methods and precis application, enhance objectivity and reliability of our thesis and further correspond with purpose of scientific study.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.168-179
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• 2004

Background : The statistical analysis is an essential procedure ensuring that the results of researches are based on evidences rather than opinion. The purpose of this study is to evaluate which statistical techniques are used and whether these statistical methods are used appropriately or not in the journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases. Materials and Methods : We reviewed 185 articles reported in the journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases in 1999. We evaluated the validity of used statistical methods based upon the checklist that was developed on the basis of the guideline for statistical reporting in articles for medical journals by International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. Results : Among 185 articles, original articles and case reports were 110 (59.5%) and 61 (33.0%) respectively. In 112 articles excluding case reports and reviews, statistical techniques were used in 107 articles (95.5%). In 94 articles (83.9%) descriptive and inferential methods were used, while in 13 (11.6%) articles only descriptive methods were used. With the types of inferential statistical techniques, comparison of means was most commonly used (64/94, 68.1%), followed by contingency table (43/94, 45.7%) and correlation or regression (18/94, 19.1%). Among the articles in which descriptive methods were used, 83.2% (89/107) showed inappropriate central tendency and dispersion. In the articles in which inferential methods were used, improper methods were applied in 88.8% (79/89) and the most frequent misuse of statistical methods was inappropriate use of parametric methods (35/89, 39.3%). Only 14 articles (13.1%) were satisfactory in utilization of statistical methodology. Conclusion : Most of the statistical errors found in the journal were misuses of statistical methods related to basic statistics. This study suggests that researchers should be more careful when they describe and apply statistical methods and more extensive statistical refereeing system would be needed.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.327-345
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• 2001

New statistical methods are ended to analyzed data in a multi-scale way. Some multi-scale extensions of stand methods, including novel visualization using dynamic graphics are proposed. These tools are used to explore non-standard structure in internet traffic data.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.185-191
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• 1997

Bayesian estimation of multinomial and Poisson parameters under starshped restriction is considered. Most Bayesian estimations in order restricted statistical inference require the high-dimensional integration which is very difficult to evaluate. Monte Carlo integration and Gibbs sampling are among alternative methods. The Bayesian estimation considered in this paper requires only evaluation of incomplete beta functions which are extensively tabulated.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.135-145
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• 1995

A new algorithm was given to successively fit the multiexponential function/nonlinear function to data by a weighted least squares method, using Gauss-Newton, Marquardt, gradient and DUD methods for convergence. This study also considers the problem of linear-nonlimear weighted least squares estimation which is based upon the usual Taylor's formula process.