• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.235-242
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• 2013

For people with disabilities, getting a job makes it possible to advocate their own human rights, to improve their self-esteem and self-efficacy, to narrow economic, psychological and social divide between them and those without disabilities and ultimately to attain social integration. According to recent statistical data, there was an increase in the weight of people with disabilities, but their economic activities were on the wane, and it's required to explore what curbs the employment of people with disabilities to find feasible solutions. The purpose of this study was to examine influential factors for the economic activities of people with disabilities. The subjects in this study were the selected people with disabilities in the metropolitan area, on whom a survey was conducted to make an empirical analysis. The findings of the study were as follows: The people with disabilities engaged in less economic activities when they were basic livelihood security recipients, when they were older, and when they were female. And those who underwent job training and who were certified technicians were more likely to participate in economic activities. Therefore differentiated policy setting is required to boost the economic activities of people with disabilities after their general characteristics, characteristics as human resources and characteristics related to vocational training are carefully analyzed. As for general characteristics, whether they are basic livelihood security recipients or not should be considered to assess the degree of their poverty, and their gender, age and presence or absence of spouses should all be taken into account. In terms of vocational training, their certificates and job training experience should be investigated.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.25-34
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• 2019

Modern disasters prevent accidents in advance and recover after accidents are very important. Our government's current response to these accidents is not appropriate. As for disaster management so far, it has been the center of disaster response and recovery efforts, and has been led by the government against it. The reality is that most private organizations and agencies have only subsidized government disaster management agencies. Korea is no longer a safe zone for earthquakes. Now for the establishment of effective disaster management system for earthquakes in the diagnosis is very urgent and the problems of the operational disaster management, which the problems of the nation.Policies to improve academic efforts to seek alternative proposal is also at a time when volume can be said to be very big need to mine. This study from 2016 to 2019, about the earthquake that took place between National Statistical Office, based on analysis of data to. First of all, research 1: What was the government's plan on Pohang earthquake? The results showed that the residents' evacuation of Pohang was important in the Pohang earthquake, but for the sake of students' safety, they were directly assigned to the test site to cope with the emergency situation. Therefore, the research and analysis shows that the nation should continue to think about the causes and responses of the damage at the disaster site and strive to develop technologies and methods to minimize the damage.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.4812-4818
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• 2010

Neck pain was commonly experienced by both adolescents and adults. The neck disability index(NDI) was the most commonly used self-report measure for evaluating status in neck pain. The objective of this study is to research the prevalence of the NDI in their 20's of college students in department of physical therapy. The data were collected from the NDI questionnaire of college students(males: 229, females: 405) for functional disability measures. Statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS 12.0 program, which was used for descriptive statistics, independent samples test and Pearson correlation analysis. The results were : First, 'headache' item was showed 'the highest prevalence' in second choice demonstrating the neck disability and 'pain intensity' in third choice. Second, female(46.4%) was higher distribution than male(36.3%) on score, percentage and grade of NDI(p<0.05). Third, the NDI grade was investigated that it is composed of 'no disability(63.8%)', 'mild disability(35.4%)', and 'moderate disability(0.9%)' in male and 'no disability(53.6%)', 'mild disability(44.7%)', 'moderate disability(1.5%)' and 'severe disability(0.2%)' in female. Fourth, there was a statically significant relationship between NDI grade and NDI items(p<0.05). These results have specific meaning as future clinical and epidemiological studies. Also, it is needed to education and preparation on prevention and management of neck disability among college students.

• CRM연구
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.53-72
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• 2009

Customer's reward program is a prevailing promotional technique. Recently, both management and marketing fields have been interested in the failure of customer's reward program. However, there are few empirical research regarding this. Therefore, this study examined a research model that employs justice in processing of customer's reward program perceived by customer to explain commitment(calculative commitment, affective commitment) and complaining behavior which is mediated by negative affect. Data was collected from the customers who dissatisfied with their reward programs. For the analysis, frequency, cronbach' ${\alpha}$ and path analysis were used as statistical test tool. Additionally, SPSS 12.0 and AMOS 4.0 were used for analyzing the hypotheses. As a result, proposed structural model largely supports the hypothesized framework and the major findings of this study are summarized as follows: First, distributive and interactional justice were negatively related to negative affect. But procedural justice didn't influence negative affect. Second, negative affect was negatively related to calculative commitment. But affective commitment wasn't influenced by negative affect. Third, negative affect was positively related to complaining behavior. Fourth, calculative commitment was negatively related to complaining behavior. But negative affect didn't influence complaining behavior. In conclusion, It can be posited that justice, negative affect, 2 forms of commitment and complaining behavior are important factors.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.599-605
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• 2019

Rice yield (kg 10a^-1) in South Korea was estimated by meteorological variables that are influential factors in crop growth. This study investigated the possibility of anticipating the rice yield variability using a simple but an efficient statistical method, a multiple linear regression analysis, on the basis of the annual variation of meteorological variables. Due to heterogeneous environmental conditions by region, the yearly rice yield was assessed and validated for each province in South Korea. The monthly mean meteorological data for the period 1986-2018 (33 years) from 61 weather stations provided by Korean Meteorological Administration was used as the independent variable in the regression analysis. An 11-fold (leave-three-out) cross-validation was performed to check the accuracy of this method estimating rice yield at each province. This result demonstrated that temporal variation of rice yield by province in South Korea can be properly estimated using such concise procedure in terms of correlation coefficient (0.7, not significant). Furthermore, the estimated rice yield well captured spatial features of observation with mean bias of 0.7 kg 10a^-1 (0.15%). This method may offer useful information on rice yield by province in advance as long as accurate agro-meteorological forecasts are timely obtained from climate models.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.27-32
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• 1997

Continual monitoring of abnormal operating conditions i a key issue in maintaining high product quality and safe operation, since the undetected process abnormality may lead to the undesirable operations, finally producing low quality products, or breakdown of equipment. The statistical projection method recently highlighted has the advantage of easily building reference model with the historical measurement data in the statistically in-control state and not requiring any detailed mathematical model or knowledge-base of process. As the complexity of process increases, however, we have more measurement variables and recycle streams. This situation may not only result in the frequent occurrence of process Perturbation, but make it difficult to pinpoint trouble-making causes or at most assignable source unit due to the confusing candidates. Consequently, an ad hoc skill to monitor and diagnose in plat-wide scale is needed. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical plant-wide monitoring methodology based on hierarchical decomposition and principal component analysis for handling the complexity and interactions among process units. This have the effect of preventing special events in a specific sub-block from propagating to other sub-blocks or at least delaying the transfer of undesired state, and so make it possible to quickly detect and diagnose the process malfunctions. To prove the performance of the proposed methodology, we simulate the Tennessee Eastman benchmark process which is operated continuously with 41 measurement variables of five major units. Simulation results have shown that the proposed methodology offers a fast and reliable monitoring and diagnosis for a large scale chemical plant.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.153-165
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• 2006

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to obtain basic data about medical consumer's behavior by the examination of the demographic characteristics, experience of medical service and attitude toward traditional medicine based on the outpatients of oriental medicine clinic. Methods: The participants of this study are outpatients in 5 oriental medicine clinics located in the metropolitan area. The resources were collected from the self-administration questionnaire survey. 202 samples were collected. The SPSS 13.0 for windows was used for statistical analysis: One-way ANOVA, $x^2-test$, correlation analysis were used to verify the results. Results & Conclusions: The results from this study are as follow. 1, The group which are in low-ade educational background and income selected traditional medicine for the promotion of health. In this group, traditional medicine was consumed with higher purchasing frequency and more satisfaction and considered more safe and effective, on the other hand western medicine was consumed with lower frequency. People In this group highly evaluated the kindness of oriental medicine doctor and more interested in health. 2. The group which selected traditional medicine for the treatment of disease more frequently consumed traditional medicine. People In this group highly evaluated the efficacy and economical efficiency of traditional me야cine and the kindness of oriental medicine doctor. 3. The group which selected traditional medicine for the management of disease iess : frequently consumed western medicine. People In this group highly evaluated the efficacy of traditional medicine. 4. Purchasing frequency on traditional medicine was higher in the 50year above group than $30{\sim}39year$, 29year and below group.(P<0.1) 5. Purchasing frequencyy on traditional medicine slightly correlated with the satisfaction of traditional medicine and the kindness of oriental medicine doctor. The satisfaction of traditional medicine strongly correlated with the kindness of oriental medicine doctor. 6. The efficacy of traditional medicine and the kindness of oriental medicine doctor were highly evaluated in the $10{\sim}19times$ experience group and 20times above experience group than $1{\sim}4times$ experience group.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.273-284
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• 2000

The objective of this study consists on clarifying what factors are influenced upon skin care behavior using fender's Health Promotion Model, widely used to anticipate practices of health care behavior for women with keen interest in skin care and then manifesting their correlations from July 1 to August 22, 1998, on 159 women interested in skin care. A subvariable included practice of skin care behavior and independent variables include general characteristics, health fitness, the level of agreement with the advantages of the perceived skin care behavior, the level of cognition of the necessity for skin care behavior The data collected processed with ANOVA and multiple regression analysis to clarify what factors among other independent variables have the most powerful effects upon skin care. The resultant findings were revealed, as follows : 1. In health care behavior among skin care behavior,'full ingestion of water' represented the highest value by 3.45 points, 2. The testees of this study had for the most part a higher level of cognition for the necessity for skin care behavior than for practice of skin care behavior. The more points they have for cognition of the necessity for skin care behavior, the more points they present for practice of skin care behavior. 3. From the perspective of the relationship between sociometic factors on the testees and their skin care behavior, the higher level married women were on (p<0.05) and the more points they have for economic status, the higher points were reflected . 4. The correlations between the testees' recognition or perception factors and points for practice of skin health state showed the higher points than the group who thought that they did not know their own skin health state (p<0.05). The higher the points of skin care fitness (p<0.0001), the higher the points of self-awareness (p<0.0001) 5. The factors that had the most powerful influence upon cognition and practice of women's skin care behavior were found, with statistical significance, to be adjustable factors such as age, smoking, drinking habit, economic status, etc. and points of cognition of the necessity for skin care behavior.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.318-327
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• 2015

Background: With improvements in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) techniques, the quality and the effectiveness of CPR have been established; nevertheless, the survival rate after cardiac arrest still remains poor. Recently, many reports have shown good outcomes in cases where extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was used during prolonged CPR. Accordingly, we attempted to evaluate the impact of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) on the survival of patients who experienced a prolonged cardiac arrest and compared it with that of conventional CPR (CCPR). Methods: Between March 2009 and April 2014, CPR, including both in-hospital and out-of-hospital CPR, was carried out in 955 patients. The ECPR group, counted from the start of the ECPR program in March 2010, included 81 patients in total, and the CCPR group consisted of 874 patients. All data were retrospectively collected from the patients' medical records. Results: The return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) rate was 2.24 times better in CPR of in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) patients than in CPR of out-of-hospital CA (OHCA) patients (p=0.0012). For every 1-minute increase in the CPR duration, the ROSC rate decreased by 1% (p=0.0228). Further, for every 10-year decrease in the age, the rate of survival discharge increased by 31%. The CPR of IHCA patients showed a 2.49 times higher survival discharge rate than the CPR of OHCA patients (p=0.03). For every 1-minute increase in the CPR duration, the rate of survival discharge was decreased by 4%. ECPR showed superiority in terms of the survival discharge in the univariate analysis, although with no statistical significance in the multivariate analysis. Conclusion: The survival discharge rate of the ECPR group was comparable to that of the CCPR group. As the CPR duration increased, the survival discharge and the ROSC rate decreased. Therefore, a continuous effort to reduce the time for the decision of ECMO initiation and ECMO team activation is necessary, particularly during the CPR of relatively young patients and IHCA patients.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.38 no.12 s.161
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• pp.1039-1049
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• 2005

The objective of this study is to produce optimal radar-derived rainfall for hydrologic utilization. The ground clutter and beam blockage effects from Mt. Kwanak station (E.L 608m) are removed from radar reflectivities by POD analysis. The reflectivities are used to produce radar rainfall data in the form of rain rates (mm/h) by the application of the Marshall-Palmer reflectivity versus rainfall relationship. However, these radar-derived rainfall are underestimated in temporal and spatial scale compared with observed one, so it is necessary to hire a correction scheme based on the gauge-to-radar (G/R) statistical adjustment technique. The selected watershed for studying the real-time correction of radar-rainfall estimation is the Soyang dam site, which is located approximately 100km east of Kwanak radar station. The results indicate that adjusted radar rainfall with the gauge measurement have reasonal G/R ratio ranged on 0.95-1.32 and less uncertainty with that mean standard deviation of G/R ratio are decreased by $9-28\%$. Mean areal precipitation from adjusted radar rainfall are well agreed to the observed one on the Soyang River watershed. It is concluded that the real-time bias adjustment scheme is useful to estimate accurate basin-based radar rainfall for hydrologic application.