• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.167-174
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• 2013

Model ice forming process in ice tank needs several steps of seeding, freezing, tempering. In those process, one of the most important factors to affect the accuracy of experiment is the homogeneity of the ice thickness and the temperature. This paper investigated a computational and statistical method to assess the uniformity of the model ice. In addition, the different configurations of freezing systems were considered to improve the uniformity. Qualitative assessment using streamlines from the cooling units was carried out by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and the quantitative evaluations of the homogeneity were compared using the temperature distribution on the ice surface. In addition, multi species transport analysis is introduced to understand the circulation efficiency of cold air from the cooling units. As the results, optimized configurations were determined by adjusting the angles of vane in the cooling units.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.73-86
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• 2015

The present study was performed to evaluate food behavior and nutritional status of children in a community child center using nutrition quotient according to age and growth index of children. The number of subjects enrolled in this study was 152 including 73 boys and 79 girls. Participants consisted of children from 5 to 12 years old, who visited a community child center in the area. Growth index was assessed through body mass index by height and weight and examined according to age. Subjects were divided into underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese according to questionnaire, which consisted of five categories including balance, diversity, moderation, regularity and practice, were analyzed by SPSS statistical program. Current results show significant differences in the diversity and regularity (p<0.05, p<0.001, respectively). Additionally, four items in the form of 10 questions showed significant differences related to habits of sodium-related food intake. This study design will be a useful tool in the evaluation of food behavior and nutritional status of preschoolers or elementary school children in community child centers, together with food frequency questionnaires related with sodium food intake.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.285-291
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• 2014

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to propose clinical criteria to differentiate patients who are able to perform the step-through-step gait pattern in chronic stroke patients. METHODS: Sixty patients with chronic stroke patients participated this study. To differentiate patients who could perform the step-through-step gait pattern, age, gender, and causes of stroke were noted, a Chedoke-McMaster (CM) damage list, Fugl-Meyer (FM) assessment scales and the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) were determined. A 10 meter gait test and Timed Up and Go (TUG) test were conducted to determine the differences in gait speed and dynamic balance between patients walking with or without canes in the step-through-step gait pattern group. RESULTS: There was no significant statistical difference in age, gender, and stroke type between all subjects. There were significant differences in the CM scale for postural and lower extremities, and FM scale for lower extremities and BBS. The dynamic balance ability and gait speed showed significant differences between the subjects in the step-through-step gait pattern with or without a cane during gait. CONCLUSION: CM and FM scales for the lower extremities and postural control, as well as BBS scales, can be used as criteria to differentiate patients who are able to perform the step-through-step gait pattern. These results can also be used to provide beneficial information to patients that are walking with canes.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.623-631
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• 2011

A major goal of time-course microarray data analysis is the detection of groups of genes that manifest similar expression patterns over time. The corresponding numerous cluster algorithms for clustering time-course microarray data have been developed. In this study, we proposed a clustering method based on the primary pharmacokinetic parameters in the pharmacokinetics study for assessment of pharmaceutical equivalents between two drug products. A real data and a simulation data was used to demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed method.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.36-41
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• 2013

Decision-making is to extract information that can be executed in the future, it refers to the process of discovering a new data model that is induced in the data. In other words, it is to find out the information to peel off to find the vein to catch the relationship between the hidden patterns in data. The information found here, is a process of finding the relationship between the useful patterns by applying modeling techniques and sophisticated statistical analysis of the data. It is called data mining which is a key technology for marketing database. Therefore, research for cluster analysis of the current is performed actively, which is capable of extracting information on the basis of the large data set without a clear criterion. The EM and K-means methods are used a lot in particular, how the result values of evaluating are come out in experiments, which are depending on the size of the data by the type of distance-based and probability-based data analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.192-196
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• 2017

Social (pragmatic) communication disorder (SCD) is a new diagnosis included under communication disorders in the neurodevelopmental disorders section of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5. SCD is defined as a primary deficit in the social use of nonverbal and verbal communication. SCD has very much in common with pragmatic language impairment, which is characterized by difficulties in understanding and using language in context and following the social rules of language, despite relative strengths in word knowledge and grammar. SCD and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are similar in that they both involve deficits in social communication skills, however individuals with SCD do not demonstrate restricted interests, repetitive behaviors, insistence on sameness, or sensory abnormalities. It is essential to rule out a diagnosis of ASD by verifying the lack of these additional symptoms, current or past. The criteria for SCD are qualitatively different from those of ASD and are not equivalent to those of mild ASD. It is clinically important that SCD should be differentiated from high-functioning ASD (such as Asperger syndrome) and nonverbal learning disabilities. The ultimate goals are the refinement of the conceptualization, development and validation of assessment tools and interventions, and obtaining a comprehensive understanding of the shared and unique etiologic factors for SCD in relation to those of other neurodevelopmental disorders.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of core exercise on the static balance for females in their twenties. Methods : The core exercise program was conducted 3 times per week for 4 weeks. The result is based on the analysis of measuring static balance before and after the core exercise program. By using the GOOD BALANCE system, the assessment of the static balance ability was made before and after the exercise of 6 postures: normal standing, one left leg?and one right leg standing with eyes open and closed respectively. For each case, the experimental data were obtained in 3 items: mean X speed, mean Y speed, and velocity moment. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS/Win(10.0) version and Willcoxon signed rank test. Results : From the result of this study, we found that mean X speed, mean Y speed and velocity moment of total postures significantly increased after the 4 week program of core exercises. Conclusion : These finding indicate that core exercises could be beneficial to females in their twenties due to the effect of increasing static balance.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.161-168
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• 2004

The workers of limestone industry have relatively higher rate of accident and injury than other industry workers. This survey was conducted to provide the informations for the planning of safety and health educations to prevent the accident and injury. The purpose of this study is to identify the morbidity rate per month and to determine the related health factors, and to find accident experiences of the limestone workers and to analyze the reasons and types of that accidents. The study design was a descriptive survey. Self reporting questionnaires developed by researcher were used for data collection. The subjects of this study were 225 workers in limestone industries in Jecheon city. The statistical methods utilized for data analysis were frequency analysis, $x^2$-test with SPSS-pc(ver.9.0). The results are as follows, 1. The workers morbidity rate per month was 22%, and morbid factors were Flu., G-I trouble, hypertension, orthopedic trauma, external wound, burn, etc., and the related health factors are self-assessment for health, exercise, accessability for medical facilities. 2. 40% of the subjects have experienced the accidents during last 6 months. The types of the accidents were safety violations, traffic accidents and fire accidents. Injury types were external wounds, fracture/amputation and burn. The workers of limestone industry have higher morbidity rate and experiences of accidents. Therefore the more increased safety and health educations than now for both the workers and the managers are needed. And this study could be helpful to increase the quality and the quantity of the educations needed.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.329-340
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• 2011

The probability concepts mainly used for rainfall or flood frequency analysis in water resources planning are the frequentist viewpoint that defines the probability as the limit of relative frequency, and the unknown parameters in probability model are considered as fixed constant numbers. Thus the probability is objective and the parameters have fixed values so that it is very difficult to specify probabilistically the uncertianty of these parameters. This study constructs the uncertainty evaluation model using Bayesian MCMC and Metropolis -Hastings algorithm for the uncertainty quantification of parameters of probability distribution in rainfall frequency analysis, and then from the application of Bayesian MCMC and Metropolis- Hastings algorithm, the statistical properties and uncertainty intervals of parameters of probability distribution can be quantified in the estimation of probability rainfall so that the basis for the framework configuration can be provided that can specify the uncertainty and risk in flood risk assessment and decision-making process.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.34-42
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• 2005

Purposes: The purposes of this study were ① to identify the rate of suicide attempts, and ② to investigate relevant variables(family dynamic environment, personality factors) and risk factors for attempting suicide among Korean adolescents. Method: Data were collected through a questionnaire survey. Internal consistencies for this questionnaire ranged from 0.63 to 0.88. Nine hundred and twenty two adolescents were surveyed (delinquent : 367, student : 555), using a proportional stratified random sampling method. Statistical methods employed were chi-square, t-test, and logistic regression analysis. Results: ① The rate of suicide attempts was 10.8％ for the total sample, and the delinquents(19.6％) had a higher rate of suicide attempts than the students(5.1％). ② Adolescents attempting suicide had a greater dysfunctional family dynamic environment and more maladaptive personality than those who did not attempt suicide. ③ Risk factors for suicide attempts among Korean adolescents were way of coping, psychosomatic symptoms, and parental child-rearing attitudes, in that order. Conclusions: Suicide and suicidal behaviors are multifaceted events. For suicide prevention, there is a need to make an independent assessment of the variables such as familial problems, personality and dynamic environment of the families of the adolescents.