• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.14-24
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• 2019

Purpose: To assess the influence of using different combinations of guided bone regeneration (GBR) materials on volume changes after wound closure at peri-implant dehiscence defects. Methods: In 5 pig mandibles, standardized bone defects were created and implants were centrally placed. The defects were augmented using different combinations of GBR materials: xenogeneic granulate and collagen membrane (group 1, n=10), xenogeneic granulate and alloplastic membrane (group 2, n=10), alloplastic granulates and alloplastic membrane (group 3, n=10). The horizontal thickness was assessed using cone-beam computed tomography before and after suturing. Measurements were performed at the implant shoulder (HT0) and at 1 mm (HT1) and 2mm (HT2) below. The data were statistically analysed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to evaluate within-group differences. Bonferroni correction was applied when calculating statistical significance between the groups. Results: The mean horizontal thickness before suturing was $2.55{\pm}0.53mm$ (group 1), $1.94{\pm}0.56mm$ (group 2), and $2.49{\pm}0.73mm$ (group 3). Post-suturing, the values were $1.47{\pm}0.31mm$ (group 1), $1.77{\pm}0.27mm$ (group 2), and $2.00{\pm}0.48mm$ (group 3). All groups demonstrated a loss of horizontal dimension. Intragroup changes exhibited significant differences in group 1 (P<0.001) and group 3 (P<0.01). Intergroup comparisons revealed statistically significant differences of the relative changes between groups 1 and 2 (P=0.033) and groups 1 and 3 (P=0.015). Conclusions: Volume change after wound closure was minimized by using an alloplastic membrane. The stability of the augmented horizontal thickness was most ensured by using this type of membrane irrespective of the bone substitute material used for membrane support.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.306-323
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• 2011

본 연구의 목적은 잘 알려진 광물과 암석의 한국어, 조선어, 영어, 중국어, 일본어 용어의 유래를 분석하는 것이다. 광물과 암석의 영어와 중국어는 모두 표준화되어 있지만, 일본어, 조선어, 한국어 중 일부분은 표준화되어있지 않다. 한국의 많은 연구자들은 이러한 상황을 인식하고 용어를 표준화하기위해 노력하고 있지만, 대부분의 광물과 암석 용어는 연구되지 않은 채 사용되고 있다. 광물 용어는 28가지 지질학적 성질 중 주로 화학 조성, 색, 모양, 물질을 기초로 명명되었으며, 암석 용어는 30가지 지질학적 성질 중 주로 광물 조성, 성인, 물질, 모양을 기초로 명명되었다. 124종의 영어 용어 중 23종이 사람 이름이나 지역 이름에서 기원한 것이고, 동양에서는 오직 3종만이 지역 이름에서 명명되었다. 동양 용어는 동일 영어 용어에 비해 더 복합적인 지질학적 성질로 구성되는 경향이 있다. 복합적인 지질학적 성질을 가진 광물 용어의 경우, 영어는 2종, 동양 용어는 평균 28종으로 동양 용어가 압도적으로 많으며, 암석 용어의 경우, 영어는 5종, 동양 용어는 평균 9.25종으로 동양 용어가 많은 것으로 분석된다. 일부의 한국어 용어는 일본어나 영어 용어를 어떠한 고려도 하지 않고 그대로 반영되었기 때문에 학생들이 이해하기 매우 어렵다. 그러므로 선행적으로 용어의 의미와 적절성에 대해서 논의되어야 한다.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2009

본 연구는 뇌혈관질환 사망에 영향을 미치는 지역의 건강상태 지표를 파악하기 위해 시도되었으며, 연구방법은 2000년 사망 원인 통계를 활용하여 뇌혈관질환으로 인한 사망자 수와 2000년 인구센서스 자료를 이용하여 인구수를 산출하여 뇌혈관질환 표준화 사망률을 산출하였다. 또한 지역사회 건강지표로 지역의 물질적 결핍 지수와 보건의료자원, 도로 포장율, 지방세를 지표로 하였다. 자료는 Excel 2003과 SAS 9.1을 활용하여 분석하였다. GIS 프로그램인 Arcview 9.1을 이용하여 뇌혈관질환 사망률과 지역의 물질적 결핍지수를 시각화하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 강원지역에서 뇌혈관질환의 표준화 사망률은 지역, 성별에 따라 차이가 있었다. 남자의 사망률이 가장 높은 지역은 고성군이었고, 가장 낮은 지역은 평창군으로 나타났다. 여자의 사망률이 가장 높은 지역은 고성군이었고, 가장 낮은 지역은 양양군이었다. 2. 강원도의 지역의 물질적 결핍지수는 태백시가 가장 높게 박탈된 지역으로 나타났고, 가장 적게 박탈된 지역은 평창군이었다. 3. 병 의원의 수, 지역의 물질적 결핍지수, 도로포장율. 지방세와 남녀 표준화 사망률과는 관계가 없었다. 본 연구의 의의는 지역의 여러 건강상태를 나타내는 자원들을 지표로 산출하여 뇌혈관질환 사망과 관련지어 분석하고, 또한 소지역인 시 군별 사망률의 차이와 지역사회 건강 지표인 물질적 결핍지수와의 관계를 시각화하였다는 점이다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.777-783
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• 2015

이방성 물질인 목재는 방향별로 나타나는 세포종류, 크기, 배열에 따라 경도, 성질, 치수변화등 서로 다른 성질을 나타낸다. 또한 사용용도에 따라 다양한 형태로 이용할 수 있는 재료이다. 그러나 동일수종의 목재 내에서도 변이성이 나타나기 때문에 각각의 고유성질과 용도에 대해 정확히 파악하고 이론 및 기술 등의 정립을 통해 재료 이용의 극대화를 위한 연구가 필요하다. 목재의 물리적 특성 및 밀도와 탄성계수의 관계에 관한 연구는 국내외로 다양하게 이루어져 왔으나 대부분 규격화된 시편으로 얻은 값을 통해 상관관계를 분석해왔으며 목재 완제품에 적용한 연구가 거의 없는 실정이다. 또한 야구배트에 대한 진동거동 및 타격에 관한 논문은 많이 있으나 목재 배트를 재료로서 물성을 분석한 연구가 미비한 실정이므로 이와 관련된 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 캐나다산 경단풍나무로 제작한 배트의 실제완제품을 이용하여 소재물성을 파악하고 주파수 비교를 통해 탄성계수를 분석하고자 한다. 소재물성 비교를 위해 배트의 연륜분포와 밀도 등 기초물성을 조사하였고 공진주파수와 관계식(ASTM C1259)을 통해 탄성계수를 산출하여 재료의 반발력을 산출하였다. 공진주파수 증가에 따른 연륜분포 비교에서 감소하는 경향을 나타냈다. 섬유방향에 따른 가진 각도별 비교에서 섬유방향과 수직한 $0^{\circ}$ 방향으로 가진할 때보다 수평한 $90^{\circ}$ 방향으로 가진할 때 탄성계수 값이 높게 나타났다.

• 기록학연구
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• 제7호
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• pp.37-74
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• 2003

An Old document(Diploma) is a historical and unique record, so it must be collected, arranged, and preserved for research as soon as possible. Especially, for the effective use of the Old Document(Diploma), it is needed to arrange and describe the material systematically on the ground of modern archival theory. The Kyujanggak Archives in the Seoul National University has published 23 volumes of Old document(Diploma) material Old Document(Diploma). But they seem to cause the readers inconvenience, because the materials are classified and gathered only by genre, the titles or the orders of the materials are not standardized, and there is no description about the content of each Old document(Diploma). Jangseo-gak Library in The Academy of Korean Studies has also published the series of Old document(Diploma) material Old Document(Diploma) Collection. However the case is not different, since they are all mixed up with materials classified and gathered by genre, family, academy, or local school. And a great part of the materials have no titles and no description about the content of each Old document(Diploma), either. About the arrangement and description of the records, European and American archival science has established the theory of l)the principle of provenance, 2)the principle of original order, 3)levels of control, 4)collective description. These theories are valuable for the effective use of Old document(Diploma). On the viewpoint of the principle of provenance, Old document(Diploma) materials should not be classified by subject and genre, but by family and person. Then, the Old document(Diploma) materials, after collected by the unit of family or person on the viewpoint of the principle of provenance, should be arranged in their original order for more detailed arrangement and furthermore, for the work to find their relationship. This is so called the principle of original order. The hierarchical management of the Old document(Diploma) materials, for example, classifying by record group, sub-group, series, item and so on, is the concept of the levels of control, and comprehensive description of the each hierarchical structure is the concept of the collective description. Let's apply these archival theories to 34 pieces of the Chung, Man-Seok's material in the series of Old document(Diploma) material Old Document(Diploma). First, collect the Old document(Diploma) materials into Chung, Man-Seok's collection(the principle of provenance), which were scattered in the series classified by genre. Secondly, rearrange them chronologically(the principle of original order), and then we can find the comprehensive information about Chung, Man-Seok. For the hierarchical management of the Old document(Diploma) materials, we should establish a few concepts from the general, large group to specific, small item. The concepts can be organized as following; l)record group(Chung, Man-Seok record group) - 2)sub-group(personnel document, property document, family document, social activity document, political activity document, etc) - 3)series(gyoji-series, gyoseo-series, yuji-series etc. in the personnel document) - 4)folder(document with additions) - 5)item(one document). According to the the theory of the collective description, in the level of record group, there should be a collective description of Chung, Man-Seok's biography or a summary of record group. Similarly, there should be a collective description of a summary of sub-group in the level of sub-group and a summary of series in the level of series.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2015년도 제49회 하계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.55-55
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• 2015

Today, engineers are facing new set of challenges that are quite different from the conventional ones. Information technologies are rapidly commoditizing while the paths beyond the current roadmaps became uncertain as various technologies have been pushed to their limits. Along with these changes in IT ecosystems, grand challenges such as global security, health, sustainability, and energy increasingly require trans-disciplinary solutions that go beyond the traditional arenas in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics). Addressing these needs is shifting engineering education and research to a new paradigm where the emphasis is placed on the consilience for holistic and system level understanding and the convergence of technology with AHSD (arts, humanities, social science, and design). At the center of this evolutionary convergence, nanotechnologies are enabling novel functionalities such as bio-compatibility, flexibility, low power, and sustainability while on a mission to meet scalability and low cost for smart electronics, u-health, sensing networks, and self-sustainable energy systems. This talk introduces the efforts of convergence based on the emerging nano technology tool sets in the newly launched School of Integrated Technology and the Yonsei Institute of Convergence Technology at Yonsei International Campus. While the conventional devices have largely depended upon the inherent material properties, the newer devices are enabled by nanoscale dimensions and structures in increasingly standardized and scalable fabrication platform. Localized surface plasmon resonance in 0 dimensional nano particles and structures leads to subwavelength confinement and enhanced near-field interactions enabling novel field of metal photonics for sensing and integrated photonic applications [1,2]. Unique properties offered by 1 dimensional nanowires and 2 dimensional materials and structures can enable novel electronic, photonic, nano-bio, and biomimetic applications [3-5]. These novel functionalities offered by the emerging nanotechnologies are continuously finding pathways to be part of smart systems to improve the overall quality of life.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.184-193
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• 2008

For environment-friendly fishery, the lead sinkers of octopus drift line were developed with the environmentfriendly sinker, and their characteristics and performance were investigated. To make the environmentfriendly sinker, the hydrate ceramic material was developed, and to increase the weight and strength, the iron power was added to it. The fishing hook was machine-made, and standardized, by using 60cm iron wire. For the manufacture of the sinker, the first, the mold was made, and then, hydrate ceramic material and water were quantitatively mixed. The mixture was poured into the mold prepared with a fishing hook already inserted, and had hardened for several hour, before it was taken out of the mold as a complete sinker. The sinkers were made in the 8 types ranging in weight from 150 to 500g, and their specific gravities were diverse from 2.871 to 6.637, which was 0.19 to 0.44 times lower than that of lead. The movement of the environment-friendly sinker by flume tank was possible in the weaker current speed than the similar lead sinker. In the coastal fishing grounds of Gangwon province, the comparison of catching efficiency was made between the improved fishing gears composed of the environment-friendly sinkers and artificial baits, and the current used fishing gears of lead sinkers and pig-fat baits. The result showed the tendency in which the improved fishing gears caught the bigger octopuses than the current used fishing gears. In the quantity and number of the fish catch per unit fishing gear, the improved fishing gear showed a little more catch than the current used fishing gear, regardless of the fishing area. However, the number of the improved fishing gears lost during fishing operation was similar to that of the current used fishing gears.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.692-697
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• 2005

좋은 날개 실속특성 및 실속/스핀의 특성이 입증된 선미익형 항공기를 현재 개발중에 있다. 전에 개발된 1호기 및 2호기 시제기는 코어 샌드위치 형식으로 날개 전체가 채워지고 고정식 착륙장치로 제작되었다. 새로이 개발될 반디호는 접개식 착륙장치와 날개와 동체에 일반적인 폼 코아 샌드위치층이 장착될 예정이다. 제작을 위해 시편 시험을 포함한 복합 소재 제작 공정이 연구되었고 적층 몰드를 이용하여 유리 섬유 천으로 폼 코어 위로 상온 적충하는 방식이 채택되었으며, 복합소재 부품들은 실온과 대기압하에 경화시킨다. 일반적으로, 몰드부품들은 양산에 적합한 매끄러운 표면 조도와 표준 품질을 보여주었다. 본 연구에서는 소형 항공기 반디호 몰드 기술과 개발 상황을 기술하였다.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2004년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.116-122
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• 2004

Since the 18th century the museums in Europe have accepted the social demand of the publicity and have played a role of social education and it lasted to the present. Recently, the society began to change it's direction. It is from the Universalism to the Pluralism. The Universalism is due to democratic society after 'the Civil Revolution' and standardized social system after 'the Industrial Revolution' The Pluralism that starts with the decrease of the modern society is about the diversity and the activation of identity which has been disregarded since the Modernism. This study is to analyze and to clarify how the museum's educational environment which had begun since the 18th century has been changed since 1990 and how these are related to the social alteration from the Universalism to the Pluralism. As a result of this study, it was confirmed that there had been a simple circulation system and a unified spatial experience in the museum of Europe since 18th century to 1980's(phl) while there had been a complex circulation system and a diverse spatial experience in the museum of Europe after 1990's(ph2). These mean that the museum of phl gave a unified social education to the visitors and they came to have a similar knowledge and emotion after their seeing the exhibition material while the museums of 'ph2' gave a diverse one and the visitor came to have a different knowledge and emotion to the same exhibition material. The museum which gives a unified social education is to produce a unified thoughts of people and it is because the social direction is the Universalism. In addition to this, the museum of diverse social education is to produce people of diversity and it is related to the Pluralism.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.1624-1628
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• 2015

Rigorously standardized laboratory protocols are essential for meaningful comparison of data from multiple sites. Considering that interactions of minerals with organic matrices may vary depending on the material nature, there could be peculiar demands for each material with respect to digestion procedure. Acid digestion procedures were evaluated using different nitric to perchloric acid ratios and one- or two-step digestion to estimate the concentration of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and zinc in samples of carcass, bone, excreta, concentrate, forage, and feces. Six procedures were evaluated: ratio of nitric to perchloric acid at 2:1, 3:1, and 4:1 v/v in a one- or two-step digestion. There were no direct or interaction effects (p>0.01) of nitric to perchloric acid ratio or number of digestion steps on magnesium and zinc contents. Calcium and phosphorus contents presented a significant (p<0.01) interaction between sample type and nitric to perchloric acid ratio. Digestion solution of 2:1 v/v provided greater (p<0.01) recovery of calcium and phosphorus from bone samples than 3:1 and 4:1 v/v ratio. Different acid ratios did not affect (p>0.01) calcium or phosphorus contents in carcass, excreta, concentrate, forage, and feces. Number of digestion steps did not affect mineral content (p>0.01). Estimated concentration of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and zinc in carcass, excreta, concentrated, forage, and feces samples can be performed using digestion solution of nitric to perchloric acid 4:1 v/v in a one-step digestion. However, samples of bones demand a stronger digestion solution to analyze the mineral contents, which is represented by an increased proportion of perchloric acid, being recommended a digestion solution of nitric to perchloric acid 2:1 v/v in a one-step digestion.