• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.97-111
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• 2012

This study aims to find a proper construction cost calculation method by comparing unit prices of cost estimate in landscape construction among other public ordering construction projects. There were 7 out of 12 items from the actual work cost in the first half of 2011 were compared. The 12 items were classified as landscape Architectural construction and the 7 items were the approximate standard. As applied construction types, the comparable 35 items out of the 80 actual work cost items applied to 5 sites were compared to the unit price of the standard quantity per unit in March 2011, which was the approximate standard. Actual construction rate of the 7 items in the category of landscape sector was 104.86% for each item and 92.09% as a total construction cost. The high actual construction rate was caused by the high rate of seed spray depending on the status of applying rocks. However, there were more fundamental reasons for the cost generated from aslope treatment for grass and seed spray. So, it requires more detailed regulations on the modification factors for each soil type, the standard and needs to improve theillogical standard quantity per unit system. Actual construction rate of the 35 items in the applied sectors of civil engineering and architecture was 78.65% for each item and 71.31% (70.17%) as a total construction cost. This shows that actual unit cost cannot reflect actual cost structurally and standard quantity per unit system lacks practicality in terms of construction due to thelabor force. 85.1~91.2 % actual construction rate announced by the Ministry of Land and Maritime Affairs referred to the newly switched items. So the result was estimated as actual construction rate. This requires supplementation after verification in order to make the actual work cost produce at a proper rate. Also, standard quantity per unit system needs complementation with these actual data and so on.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.41-48
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• 2012

The purpose of the study, approaching from the aspect of the construction technologies, is to determine the architectural techniques of traditional wood architects in existence, through which the systems and techniques that create the inherent characteristics of Korean Architecture are clarified. With understanding traditional construction system and focusing on the fact that built environment results from the consistent standards and technologies of architects, this study inquires into the systematic standard and its formation that present in the process of planning for the overall scale and shape of a building from the following (four) perspectives. The study determines the characteristics of '間(Kan)' (unit; fundamental unit that measures Korean traditional houses) and the methods of columns disposition of which the '間 (Kan)' is made up. Once the necessary spaces are decided according to the size of a building, then floor plans are drawn with the standard unit, '間(Kan)'. The '間(Kan)', as a modular unit, is not only composing the floor plans, but also functioning as an Area unit, Space unit and Structural unit. Composition of '間(Kan)' varies with disposition of columns, and therefore multiform of floor and spaces are created. In this study, the '間(Kan)', as a standard unit, is used in the form of specific size and area, and it is demonstrated how the floor plans are developed by organizing the columns in accordance with the spaces requested.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2021.05a
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• pp.251-252
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• 2021

With the recent emergence of the 4th Industrial Revolution, the government is promoting the development of smart construction technology and institutional improvement through various policies to induce cutting-edge and technological innovation in the construction industry. As part of such smart construction technology, the application of BIM is being activated, and related regulations and guidelines are constantly being supplemented. In relation to BIM, there are many studies on the fields of library, design standards etc., but research on specific unit price utilization and unit price DB construction for calculating construction cost is insufficient. Therefore, in this study, a basic study was conducted on the linkage of the construction standard market unit price and the BIM library. Based on the basic research conducted in the future, we intend to establish specific standards for calculating BIM-based construction costs.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.154-158
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• 2011

This research was carried out to compare the standard of estimated unit power and material in landscape architecture construction between Korea and Japan. It has also been done to offer a practical and reasonable information to Korea landscape architecture industry. The research results are as follows. First, both Korea and Japan's standard of estimated unit power and material in landscape architecture construction are part of civil construction. Second, Korea's detailed type of construction is centered on plant's type and size while Japan's centered on architectural construction. Third, Korea's standard of estimated unit power and material are composed of workforce construction, mechanical construction and addition of soil. On the other hand, Japan's estimated unit power and material are composed of workforce construction, time of transportation, date of transportation. Fourth, the planting specification of Korea seems to be more in detail than that of Japan, Japan's showing a wider implication. Fifth, when comparing the information regarding standard of estimated unit power and material between Japan and Korea, transportation, independent stalking for plant, soil for landscape architecture is difference between the two countries. On the base of this research results, Korea's standard of estimated unit power and material in planning construction should be more elastic in its implication and independent standard of estimated unit power and material in landscape architecture construction. Also, examination of transportation, independent skating for plant and soil for landscape architecture should be done in order for better improvements.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.335-351
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• 2016

Objective : This study was done to clarify ambiguous non-standard weight and measuring units in medical classics. Methods : Using medical classics and research dissertations, we studied the basic definitions of weight and measuring units and the types of non-standard weight and measuring units. We compared non-standard weight and measuring units in the reference literatures, to determine the dose of herbs in the prescriptions. Results : There are three types of units in non-standard weight and measuring units. These are 'Quantity measuring unit', 'Resembrance measuring unit', and 'Eye measuring unit'. And we found historical efforts and progresses for proper ways to convert non-standard weight and measuring units to standard weight and measuring units. Conclusions : This research will be the basic data for the standardization of prescriptions. Additional study was still required for precise weighing and measuring in Korean medicine and pharmacy.

• Journal of The Institute of Information and Telecommunication Facilities Engineering
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.52-63
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• 2003

This study proposes a change from the currentexpected price integrated system, which is based on the standard of estimated unit manpower and material, to a new actual construction cost integrated system. In order to implement it, the standard method of measurement organization system as well as the communication area standard of estimated unit manpower and material should be changed Moreover, the work breakdown structure and itemized structure should be assorted.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.135-145
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• 2011

As communication technology, an enabling technology for ITS, becomes diversified with DSRC, CDMA, Wireless LAN, it is expected that type and function of ITS services will become gradually expanded. As a result, research and development of a standard platform that can provide support so that numerous communication technologies that are being used in various ITS services to receive various ITS services can be operated in one integrated terminal are being carried out. On Board Unit (OBU) for a recent standard platform was also built and tested recently. However, verification for standard suitability of the standard platform OBU that was developed must be carried out. Standard technology must be realized and sufficient functional and operational testing must be carried out in order to guarantee efficient operation in an actual ITS system and increase utilization of standard technology. Therefore, In this paper we had constructed test road and we had tested a standard platform OBU for a standard application.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.11-12
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• 2011

The Construction Standard Production Unit(CSPU) has been used for the standard cost estimate in public and private construction projects. However, It is difficult to reflect the various site attributed variation in productivity using existing CSPU. The reason is that a criteria which site should be selection for enactment and/or revision of CSPU is not established. This study aims to provide essential data to be used for analyzing the labor factors in a way to secure efficiency and reliability of CSPU.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.137-142
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• 1992

MODAPTS has been widely used for establishing the standard time of manual works because of easy application of the system. However this system was developed based on MTM, winch was one of the low task standard. Also in this system, it usually becomes a cause of error in accuracy that all the simultaneous motions(SIMO) should be analyzed in the sequent motions of two hands. In order to improve the weak points of MODAPTS, the structure of time unit and SIMO of MODAPTS was researched, and HITMAP was developed on the basis of Work Factor System which was one of the high task standard. HITMAP is composed of 26 standard elements and it's time unit is MD(1MD=0.1 second) and MGSRMPS is the motion pattern of HITMAP. In this study HITMAP shows more than 95% of accuracy to WF. Therefor, it is expected that HITMAP can be used for the improvement of productivity and incentive systems.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2022.04a
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• pp.196-197
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• 2022

This study aims to come up with the revision of construction standard unit price for concrete pavement works to improve its applicability and availability by a construction site survey. Construction site survey was conducted from March to November 2021 with 36 construction sites. This results of the revision are expected to support to public construction project owner or estimator in construction cost estimation works.