• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2021

This study is a study to estimate the VSL (Value of a Statistical Life) and CBA (Cost-benefit analysis) of the rollover safety standard for hydrogen buses, VSL is an economic value concept used to quantify the benefits of avoiding death. CBA shows the effect of cost-benefit, and if B/C is greater than 1, there is a social effect. In order to estimate the VSL and CBA, the hydrogen bus introduction scenario was assumed to be optimistic (20,000 vehicles in 2030), neutral (15,000 vehicles in 2030), and pessimistic (10,000 vehicles in 2030), and the effect of reducing human casualties was estimated. As a result, except for the pessimistic market situation of introducing hydrogen buses (10,000 vehicles in 2030) and the VSL reduction ratio of 10%, all policies were judged to have high cost-benefit effects. These results indicate that the introduction of the rollover safety standard for hydrogen buses is a socially effective policy.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2016

공기연장에 따른 간접비 산정에 관한 연구가 최근 정량적인 부분에 집중되어 제시되고 있으며, 최근 제도개선에 관한 연구가 계속적으로 이루어지고 있다. 국내 공공 공사의 경우 발주자가 국가인 경우에는 국가계약법을, 지방자치단체인 경우에는 지방계약법을 적용받게 되는데 이러한 산정기준의 문제점에 대해 명확하게 개선방안의 요구가 있음에도 개선방안이 제시되고 있지 않아 개별 문제점에 대한 면밀한 연구가 필요한 실정이다. 본 연구는 이러한 배경에서 '국가계약법'에 따른 산정기준과 '지방계약법'에 따른 산정기준의 각 산정결과를 비교하고, 문제점을 고찰 후 현장사례를 분석하여 적정한 기준을 제시하였다. 각 규정을 고찰한 결과 기타경비 산정방식이 다르게 규정되어 있었으며 이에 따라 실제 비용이 적게는 12.37%부터 24.95%까지 차이가 발생하고 있다는 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 이러한 문제점은 실비가 아닌 계약당시 요율을 그대로 기타경비요율로 적용하는 국가계약법에 따른산정방식의 문제점에 따른 것이며, 이에 따라 실제 비용보다 적은 공기연장 비용이 산정되는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 본 연구는 현장자료를 기반으로 적정한 기타경비 산정요율을 총공사비 대비 1일당 기타경비 요율과 간접비 대비 요율방식으로 제시하였다.

• 대한설비공학회지:설비저널
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.95-100
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• 1979

Optlmum overall heat transmission coefficient for residential buildings is calculated as a function of building parameter, area/volume. Equivalent heat transmission coefficient and equivalence factor are introduced and optimized with respect to annual cost including fuel cost , insulation cost and equipment cost Comparison with recent standard of West Germany shows similarity of the result.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.373-381
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• 2004

Using standard components of a press die is recognized as a way for a cost reduction and a short lead time. It also provides a way for a quick maintenance of a die under repair. It is expected to contribute to integration of CAD/CAM system for manufacturing dies in the future. This paper presents a 3D CAD library which is constructed using the standard components and is used for designing a press die. This 3D CAD library is generated by a database system made of Microsoft Access for standard components and by CATIA V5 R10 API for geometric features. The library is implemented using Visual Basic 6.0 utility of CATIA API function in the Windows NT environment. It creates a 3D model of the standard components of press die easily when a die designer inputs numerical values of geometric features and the BOM of the completely assembled parts. It also generates automatically the assembly drawing of die set by using variables for standard values of die parts. Therefore users can save the cost of time to design the press die components, and even a beginner can use this program with ease. The test results of the 3D CAD library for designing shearing and bending dies verify its usefulness and feasibility.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2007

Standard safety management costs can not be applied to each site with same rate, it is very difficult, because it depends on the experience, work method, work kind, work progress schedule, and hazard level of each construction company. Therefore, this study is to find out hazard level of each work kinds through questionnaire and interview and investigate analyze the status which standard safety management costs have been used. Also, this study is to show reasonable rates of standard safety management costs in construction industry and to set up countermeasures against those problem after reviewing its status in korea with in Japan and Europe. This study is to investigate eleven project kinds of domestic system, first, and to investigate eleven items of apartment bldg, office. Also this study is to investigate and analyze performed costs of presently processing worker finished work so that it shows a new reasonable rate against standard safety management costs in construction industry, in order to make basical data and material to be systemized.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.637-648
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• 2013

Purpose: The objective of this study is to provide a methodology that can facilitate efficient development of a product portfolio by utilizing Korean Standards(KS) networks. Methods: A case study on a steel manufacturing company is provided. Social network analysis h as been conducted on KS network and KS certification information of the company. Core test standards of a company have been identified. The core standards, then, used to construct a product-standard network of a corresponding industry. Results: As a result of analyzing product-standard networks, a product portfolio of a company has been developed. It has been shown that the candidate product portfolio is a cost-effective alternative in terms of standard maintenance cost. Conclusion: By using social network analysis, standards information can be used to support new product development process.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2012

This study suggested a new model in consideration of long life and constructability of apartment house suggested in the former part. New model suggested the possibility of cost saving based on the idea that people trend to reject because of the recognition that the new model would cost a lot of expense which work as the barrier for the expansion and distribution at the local market so as to prepare the ground for its activation. The Study was aimed at verifying the possibility of cost saving through comparing it with the existing standard apartment house system centered on the skeleton and cladding system among the new structural design models suggested in the former part. Assuming that these existing standard both models should be changed structural design into new model system, the quantity volume, cost and construction period along with the alteration of finished materials between two models were compared altogether. Simultaneously BIM library was built for easy taking-off bill of quantity and consideration of working methodology for construction working cycle, which was translated into construction cost so as to derive the cost of the two subject systems to be counted. Through the analysis, it was concluded that new model would secure variability in the future and constructability along with shortening the construction period (29%) and achieve cost saving (13%) of construction against the those of existing model.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2018

국내 공공 공사는 최근 공기연장 추가간접비 산정에 대한 기준의 불명확성에 따른 논란이 가중되면서 분쟁이 다대하게 발생하고 있다. 또한 연구자들도 이러한 제도의 불명확성 및 분쟁의 발생을 저감시키기 위한 노력으로 여러 제도 및 적정 실비산정을 위한 연구를 진행해 왔으나 아직 사회적 합의를 이끌어낸 기준이 부재한 실정이다. 한편 회계의 인식기준에 따른 분류체계에 대한 연구는 체계적으로 이루어져 발생주의와 현금주의에 대한 개념을 구분하여 정의하였다. 본 연구는 '발생주의'의 개념이 공기연장 추가간접비 산정기준에 적용될 수 있는 가능성을 확인하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이에 현장관리비 발생패턴을 분석 결과 현금주의 방식으로는 적정한 산정기준으로 산정하기 어려운 실비가 있는 것으로 확인하였으며, 특히 간접노무비 및 복리후생비와 같이 현장관리비에서 비중이 큰 항목의 경우에는 발생주의 방식의 요구가 더욱 엄정하게 제시되어야 한다는 시사점을 알 수 있었다. 또한 시공사의 청구보고서와 법원의 감정보고서를 조사하였다. 결과는 현재 공기연장 추가간접비 산정 실무는 현금주의 산정방식으로 편중되어있다는 점을 확인하였으며, 발생주의 관점으로부터 실비산정기준을 보완하여야 할 것을 대안으로 제시하였다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.89-102
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to seek AEI(Air Environmental Indices), PSI(Pollutant Standard Index) and the urban air quality control goal(the best available alternative energy program) by assessing the best ratio of energy types used in urban enterprises, based on harmful health effect and air quality standard and costs. This study is focused on an urban area(Puchun), where area sourcees are associated with heavy traffic, large population, and its industrial sources with large emissions. In the first step, air modeling, estimation of AEI and PSI, and benefit-cost analysis were carried out. In the second step, we assessed that 660 scenarios about the ratio of B-C oil, light oil and LNG used in urban enterprises with regard to air quality and cost. In the third step, the best available alternative energy program was selected for the ratio of energy species(B-C oil, light oil and LNG) by using the lexicographic method. From the emission analysis, main source of $NO_2$ is identified as industries and air quality is evaluated according to the ratio of B-C oil, light oil and LNG used in urban enterprise. The modeling data of TSP, $SO_2$, $NO_2$, CO, $O_3$, by ISC3 and PBM are respectively $118{\mu}g/m^3$, 0.027ppm, 0.025ppm, 2.0ppm, 0.55ppm in indurstrial area. That data are close to Environmental Air Quality Standard. By means of sensitivity analysis, we obtained the difference in concentration between the areas(Nae-dong, Joong-dong) according to the ratio of B-C oil, light oil and LNG used in the industries. From the result of alternatives assessment the lowest AEI value and cost, the ratio of B-C oil, light oil and LNG are 2.5%, 20%, 77.5%, respectively.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.218-225
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• 2021

연구목적과 방법: 소방공무원 국가직화에 따른 다양한 변화 중 소방재정 분야에 주목을 하고, 소방특별회계가 당초 취지와 목적에 맞게 안정적으로 정착될 수 있도록 관련 법령 및 실태 등의 분석을 통해 개선방안을 제시하였다. 연구결과: 소방정책사업비가 소방특별회계 설치의 당초 취지에 부합하여 온전히 소방사업에 사용되어질 수 있도록 인건비에 대한 이중적인 편성기준 개정하는 한편, 예비비의 편성 기준인 "예산총액의 100분의 1 이내 규정"에서 예산총액에 인건비를 포함하고 있어 계속적으로 예비비 편성규모가 증가될 것으로 판단되는바 예비비 편성에 있어 '예산총액'이 아닌 '사업비 총액'으로 변경하는 등의 개선이 필요하다. 결론: 소방특별회계 내의 소방정책사업비가 당초 취지와 목적에 부합하여 편성되고 집행될 수 있도록 예산편성 기준과 규모와 관련해 제도개선이 필요하며, 이를 통해 더욱 안정적인 소방조직의 운영과 소방서비스의 질 향상이 필요하다.