• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.663-686
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of convergent approach of mathematics education on students' problem-solving ability and self-efficacy by designing and applying mathematics curriculum based on STEAM. The results are as follows. First, the test results between the two groups did not show any statistically significant difference in terms of problem solving ability, but the experimental group showed a higher average score than the comparative group. Compared with the standard deviation of the experimental group, It can be seen that the level of difference between students is great. This suggests that STEAM-based mathematics lessons have a positive effect on the problem solving ability of low-level students. Second, the results of the self-efficacy t-test of STEAM-based mathematics class showed statistically significant results at a 5% significance level. In the sub-domain, the preference for the difficulty of the mathematics task, except math self-confidence and the math self-regulation efficacy, were statistically significant at a 5% significance level. This study shows that STEAM-based mathematics classes have a positive effect on the students' positive aspects. Through the STEAM program, students learn that mathematics is connected with other fields, and it provides an opportunity to explore on their own, and they more became interested, motivated, and achievement. Also, through the results of the STEAM-based mathematics class, it can be seen that the expressive power and self-confidence are increased by using the non-formal representation outside of the existing formal representation center. The result of this study can be summarized as follows: A STEAM-based mathematics class has a positive effect on problem solving ability and self-efficacy. Therefore, it is interpreted that the application of the STEAM program focusing on mathematics accounts for education effectives.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.25-34
• /
• 2012

It is possible to use pallet for forwarding as chinese cabbages and radishes are general large-scale trading items at the agricultural wholesale market though, however, most of these are forwarded as it have packed in net bags or in P·E bags. Thus, it is still hard for palletizing. The type of packing the product in the net bag makes it difficult for palletizing. It is not a stable shape enough and easily collapsed for pallet loading. Because of this collapsibility, the corrugated cardboard box is being used to enhance forwarding efficiency, but the existing corrugated cardboard box could be crushed easily by moist what is from the agricultural product's property and it also could be squashed by the mass of the loaded box layers on itself. In contrary, the functional waterproof corrugated cardboard box is not collapsed through palletizing and it is efficient for product management with it's ventilation function in respond to pre-cooling effect. Furthermore, because it has various functional shapes as the open type, the partition type and so on, it is effective for maintaining freshness of the product and standardizing the distribution of agricultural product. It is well-known that it is possible to introduce this box to cargo-works of agricultural product. Consequently, the recognition of main distributors about the pallet distribution of the chinese cabbage and the radish was apprehended in this study for activating mechanization of loading and unloading. The survey was conducted to the main distributors such as the forwarder, the auction dealer and the commission merchant with Garak-dong wholesale market as the center. The appropriate packing materials and problems of the existing method for loading and unloading were derived through the survey. Especially, it was focused on analyzing the difference of recognition between the subject groups for the way of using waterproof cardboard corrugated box to deal with the difficult product for packing in normal corrugated box because of the box's absorption of moist from the agricultural product like a chinese cabbage and a radish. Total In the cases of the forwarders and the commission merchants, the net was highly responded as 45%, 74% from each groups for the best packing material for mechanization of distribution and the waterproof corrugated cardboard box was responded as 20%, 22% from each groups as much preferable than multi-stage wooden box. However, for the radish, the waterproof corrugated cardboard box was the best material as 56%, and the auction trader group supported it for 80%. So, the using the waterproof corrugated cardboard box for mechanization of distribution was negative for the chinese cabbage, but it was positive for the radish. The average was 2.42, the standard deviation was 1.24. The negative response(about 55%) was prevailing more than positive response(about 23%). It could be analyzed that even there was the positive recognition for using the waterproof corrugated cardboard box for the radish though the preference for low price of net bag in the chinese cabbage forwarding procedure. Still now, it seems that is a burden for using the waterproof corrugated cardboard box with high price. In the analysis on the recognition differences about using the waterproof corrugated cardboard box for the chinese cabbages and the radish between the forwarders and the commission merchants, generally the negative recognition was prevailing, but the forwarders(2.696) were more positive for using the waterproof corrugated cardboard box than the commission merchants(2.145).