• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.291-300
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• 2019

Purpose : This study focuses on the influence of bridge exercise combined with whole body vibration on muscle activity and balance. Methods : 30 stroke patients were recruited for subjects. The subjects were divided to bridge exercise combined stable surface (Group I), bridge exercise combined unstable surface (Group II), and bridge exercise combined bridge exercise (Group III), of which 10 subjects were randomly allocated. The subjects were given 30 minutes of neurologic physical therapy which included gait training and muscular strength training, and additionally given 30 minutes of bridge exercise combined stable surface, bridge exercise combined unstable surface, and bridge exercise combined whole body vibration for each group, five times a week, for 8 weeks. Their muscle activity and balance were analyzed before the intervention. After 8 weeks of the intervention, the mentioned parameters were measured once more for between-group analysis. Results : Comparative analysis of the muscle activity and balance between the groups showed statistically significant difference, and post-hoc analysis showed the Group III had greater changes in muscle activity and balance than Group Iand Group II. Conclusion : Such results revealed that bridge exercise combined with whole body vibration is effective in muscle activity and balance. Based on the current study, more effective program is to be proposed for elite athletes as well as stroke patients. Based on the current study, studies that incorporates various frequencies of vibration is required for development of effective whole body vibration exercise program.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.210-214
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• 2016

Objective: The aim of this study was to measure the muscle architectural parameters of abdominal muscles in healthy individuals by rehabilitative ultrasound imaging (RUSI) and to investigate their changes after bridging exercise in various environments. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: The study included 40 healthy participants (19 men, 21 women). Subjects were randomly allocated to a stable surface group (SG, n=20) or an unstable surface group (UG, n=20). The participants assumed three positions in rest, bridging exercise with knee flexion $60^{\circ}$, and bridging exercise with knee flexion $90^{\circ}$ for the measurement of abdominal muscle thickness by RUSI. For the resting position, the participants held the head neutral in a hook-lying position and the dominant side was measured. For contraction, the participants performed the bridging exercise with the knee joint in $60^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$ of flexion for 10 seconds each. Results: For transversus abdominis, external oblique muscle thickness, within the stable surface group and the unstable surface group, no significant contraction difference was observed in both the $60^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$ bridge exercise conditions. Contraction difference of internal oblique muscle was significantly larger at $90^{\circ}$ than at $60^{\circ}$ within the SG (p<0.05). But within the UG, no significant contraction difference was shown. There was no significant contraction difference between the surface group and the unstable SG at $60^{\circ}$ condition and at $90^{\circ}$ condition in all measured muscles. Conclusions: The contraction difference is different for each muscle during bridge exercise with knee flexion $60^{\circ}$ and bridging exercise with knee flexion $90^{\circ}$. Muscle contraction difference is generally large when exercised on an unstable surface than a stable surface, but these are not statistically significant when bridging exercise is performed using dynamic air cushion for unstable surface.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.71-82
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• 2005

The couple force of the scapular stabilizers for upward rotation that include the upper and lower trapezius, serratus anterior muscles is essential to maintain the stability of shoulder joint. But if there is an imbalance of these muscles, it would occur many problems of shoulder joint. A push-up plus exercise with an unstable support is used in order to increase the muscle activity and stimulate the proprioception of shoulder joint. The purpose of this study was to compare the muscle activity of upper and lower trapezius, serratus anterior muscles and to determine which exercise is more effective when subjects perform push-up plus exercise in the stable support and unstable support. 15 healthy subjects and 15 painful subjects with injury of shoulder joint participated in this study. Surface electromyography data were collected during plus phase of push-up plus exercise. The types of push-up plus exercise were composed of three conditions. Stable type is subjects performed the push-up plus exercise on the fixed support and unstable type 1 is on the sling without shaking and unstable type 2 is on the sling with shaking by tester's manual. The upper and lower trapezius activities of injured group were higher than uninjured group at three measure conditions, but serratus anterior activities were not. The UT/SA ratio of injured group was higher than uninjured group at three measure conditions. The serratus anterior activities were most high at unstable 2 measure in both groups. The UT/SA ratio was most low at unstable 2 measure condition in injured group only. The present result revealed that push-up plus exercise in the unstable support with shaking which took most high serratus anterior activities and most low of UT/SA ratio is optimal cure method that can improve the imbalance of the scapular stabilizer.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

Equilume light masks had no impact on hastening the resumption of estrous cyclicity in mares maintained in outdoor pastures on the mainland of Korea due to the cold weather conditions. Jeju Island is a major horse-breeding site in Korea and is warmer than the mainland during the winter season. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to explore the efficiency of the Equilume light mask on the resumption of seasonal estrous cycles in Thoroughbred mares on Jeju Island. A total of 20 nonpregnant mares were randomly divided into the Equilume light mask (n = 9) and stable lighting (n =11) groups. The experiment was performed at seven different horse-breeding farms located on Jeju Island from November 15, 2020, to February 15, 2021. The mares were exposed to the respective lights from 16:00 to 23:00. Follicle size and uterine edema were measured by ultrasound scanning. Body condition scores (BCS) were also monitored during the experiment. Statistical analysis was conducted using the SAS and SPSS software, and p-values of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Two of the nine (22.2%) mares in the Equilume light mask group and three of the 11 (27.28%) mares in the stable lighting group were still cycling in December and January, which were considered as all-year-round cycling mares. On February 15, there was no difference between groups in the resumption of early seasonal estrus cycle, which was determined by follicles > 25 mm in addition to uterine edema. All mares in the Equilume light mask group and five of the eight mares (62.5%) in the stable lighting group had resumed cycling. Interestingly, six of the seven mares (87.5%) in the Equilume light mask and four of eight mares (50%) in the stable lighting group had already ovulated on February 15 (p > 0.05), as determined by the presence of a recent corpus luteum. No difference was observed in BCS and uterine edema between groups (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the Equilume light mask can be an effective approach to induce early seasonal estrus cycles of mares in Jeju Island, and it also enhances the efficiency of farm management by reducing labor.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.111-137
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• 2021

Higson proved that every homotopy invariant, stable and split exact functor from the category of C⁎-algebras to an additive category factors through Kasparov's KK-theory. By adapting a group equivariant generalization of this result by Thomsen, we generalize Higson's result to the inverse semigroup and locally compact, not necessarily Hausdorff groupoid equivariant setting.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.61 no.2
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• pp.519-527
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• 2024

For a finite subgroup G of GL_n(ℂ), the moduli space 𝓜_𝜃 of 𝜃-stable G-constellations is rarely smooth. This note shows that for a group G of type ${\frac{1}{r}}(1,a,b)$ with r = abc + a + b, there is a generic stability parameter 𝜃 ∈ Θ such that the birational component Y_𝜃 of 𝜃-stable G-constellations provides a resolution of the quotient singularity X := ℂ³/G.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.298-304
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• 1997

Molecular mechanics and conformation search methods were carried oyt to investigate the relationship between conformations and thromboxane synthetase ingibitory activities of om ega-pyridylalkenoic acids. The initial geometries of ${\omega}$-pyridylalkenoic acids and heme part of cytochrome P-450 were obtained from MM+ geometry optimization. The bond lenths and angles were not varied by step during the conformation searching. Stable conformers of some ${\omega}$-pyridylalkenoic acids were obtained by comformational search method. The distances were 8.5~10.8 ${\AA}$- between N atom at 3-position of pyridine ring and C atom at carboxylic group of stable ${\omega}$-pyridylalkenoic acids. The conformations of ${\omega}$-pyridylalkenoic acids and heme part complex were determined by same method. In theses structures, benzene ring and ethylene group in ${\omega}$-pyridylalkenoic acids are making the structure more rigid and increase inhbitory activity. The electron donating groups in C atom shich is connected to pyridine ring also increase activity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.08a
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• pp.137-137
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• 2013

The most stable adsorption structures and their corresponding energies of 4-pyridone, 4-hydroxypyridine, 2-pyridone and 2-hydroxypyridine have been investigated by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculation method and high-resolution photoemission spectroscopy (HRPES). We confirmed that between the two reaction centers of 4- and 2-pyridone, only O atom of carbonyl functional group can act as a Lewis base and thus, O dative bonding structure is the most stable. On the other hand, we clarified that both the two reaction centers (the cyclic N atom and the O atom of hydroxyl functional group) of 4- and 2-hydroxypyridine (tautomers of 4- and 2-pyridone) can successfully function as a Lewis base. Through the interpretation of the N 1s and O 1s core level spectra obtained using HRPES, we could confirm the electronic structures and bonding configurations of these molecules with a coverage dependence on the Ge(100) surface.

• Current Applied Physics
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.1345-1351
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• 2018

To allow stable cycling of layered nickel-rich cathode material at high voltage, silyl-functionalized dimethoxydimethylsilane is proposed as a multi-functional additive. In contrast to typical functional additive, dimethoxydimethylsilane does not make artificial cathode-electrolyte interfaces by electrochemical oxidation because it is quite stable under anodic polarization. We find that dimethoxydimethylsilane mainly focuses on scavenging nucleophilic fluoride species that can be produced by electrolyte decomposition during cycling, leading to improving interfacial stability of both nickel-rich cathode and graphite anode. As a result, the cell cycled with dimethoxydimethylsilane-controlled electrolyte exhibits 65.7% of retention after 100 cycle, which is identified by systematic spectroscopic analyses for the cycled cell.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.273-280
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to identify groups depending on the four years of changing trajectories in self-efficacy and its relationship with life satisfaction and interpersonal competence of adults with disabilities who were aged above 25. The 1st to 4th year of the second wave from Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled (PSED) was used to identify the groups and explore their relationship with life satisfaction and interpersonal competence through growth mixture modeling. The results identified three latent classes according to changing trajectories in self-efficacy: a 'high level-increasing group', an 'average level-increasing group', and a 'low level-stable group'. These three groups showed different characteristics in life satisfaction and interpersonal competence. For example, life satisfaction for groups decreased from the 'high level-increasing group' to the 'low level-stable group' and interpersonal competence increased in both 'high level-increasing group' and 'average level-increasing group', whereas it was stabilized in the 'low level-stable group'. These findings suggest that the life satisfaction and interpersonal competence of adults with disabilities are associated with their self-efficacy.