• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.265-272
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• 2019

In this study, 'poverty', which we think in our daily life, started from something. In particular, this study typified the perception of poverty by using the 'Q methodology', a subjective research method, to examine individual subjective opinions. The results of the analysis are as follows. is a "Retraction type", and poverty is a problem of 'Retention', 'Individual Effort Problem', 'Social Structure Problem', 'Low Status' and 'Laziness'. is a "Individual Problem type", and emphasizes 'Individual Effort Problem', 'Laziness', 'Incompetence', 'Starvation' and so on. is a "Basic Problem type", and emphasizes the basic element of life such as 'The Food and Shelter problem', 'Starvation', 'Laziness', and 'No Money'. is a "Resource Distribution Problem Type" that emphasizes the problem of resource allocation according to social structural problems. This study typifies the perception of poverty using subjectivity research method on 21st century and expects converging extension study to empirical studies for generalization.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.95-100
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• 2009

In the coming 21st centuries, words of development of information communication technology among the key words being emerged as an important concern has been talked about frequently and ubiquitous environment that helps human living being networked with humans, objects and environments has been rapidly progressed, influencing significantly over the various fields as well as architectural area. And eventually in this architectural area, the space that is desired to be shown to and experienced by the people could be found in the creation of a space in a new form that has not been existed in this world by utilizing the information communication technology. The purpose of this study is to develop one-step advanced space from the existing space and to form a new paradigm of the future space by utilizing convergence technology and the psychology-based design principle of behavioral inducement called affordance.

• Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.88-98
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• 2010

It is now the era of ubiquitous which is highly integrated on the convergence technologies with not only ICT bul also BT, CT, NT and ST. Through this convergence technology, the understanding on visualization of 3D virtual reality which make more human's 5 feelings activate beyond the wall of time and space is recently very important. We search the visualization technology of 3D virtual reality and estimate the future development, and give the perspectives. Since the visualization technology of virtual reality is strongly depended on 3D computer graphics representations, 3D image visualization technology being able to get immersion has been possible. The new paradym on computer interactions is implemented by making images augment on the base of the PC and display equipments. The studies is established on the direction of more intensity on humanity. And also, these technologies will be able to achieve actively the implementations for ubiquitous society dueing to get the high-technology on the superhighway networks.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.727-740
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• 2015

In the information-oriented society of 21st century, the added value of creativity has never been so important to need any further discussion. This research investigates an implication of metonymic activities in early childhood Convergence arts education as a basis of the creative education by analyzing EduDrama, the program which helps children acquire creativity through metonymic activities. To this end, this research proposes a desirable way of early childhood arts education by organizing limited situation of early childhood education in Korea with domestic and foreign cases applying metonymic activities. Despite actively conducted studies on arts education led by existing arts management field in Korea, arts education research for early childhood is still not entirely satisfactory. Therefore, this research makes clear the value of arts education using metonymic activities provided during early childhood on the assumption that the added value of our life depends on the creative human resource of 21st century.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.167-174
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• 2013

The objectives of this study are to investigate core learning ability necessary for the 21st century and to develop core human resources required for social and national development in the future. The '21st Century Learning Ability Project' is to approach the existing knowledge and learning multidisciplinary and interactively based on the learning ability of each learner and individually and socially valuable themes. Even in Korea, a variety of intersubject integrative educational curriculum was attempted to cultivate learning ability. However, there are not enough teachers who can teach the differences between the content and characteristics for each subject by fully understanding them. Thus, it is difficult to apply them easily to the field of education. Thus, this study develops the multidisciplinary customized educational curriculum in order to develop the learning ability necessary for the 21st century, analyzes the reality of the educational curriculum integrating the academic knowledge in order to support this effectively. As a result, this study offers the interdisciplinary customized integrated model applicable to elementary and middle schools.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.331-344
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• 2023

More than a year has passed after the 6th edition of 'List of Plant Diseases in Korea (LPDK)' was published in April 2022. The 6.1st edition (2023) of List of Plant Diseases in Korea was made by correcting errors found in the 6th edition of list and adding new diseases reported after the 6th edition. There were 397 corrections from the 6th edition, most of which were simple spelling errors or minor issues. However, 12 diseases were deleted due to duplication or unclear literature proof, and 2 diseases had their diseases' common names changed. We added 158 diseases that were reported before 2021 but not included in the 6th edition, or reported after the 6th edition. After all, 146 diseases were added to the 6,534 diseases in the 6th edition, resulting in a total of 6,680 diseases in the 6.1st edition. Thirty host taxa were also added, increasing the number from 1,390 in the 6th edition to 1,420 in the 6.1st edition. Pathogens were also added to 62 taxa, from 2,400 in the 6th edition, bringing the total to 2,462 taxa in the 6.1st edition. Ultimately, the 6.1st edition (2023) of 'The List of Plant Diseases in Korea' contains 6,680 diseases caused by pathogens of 2,462 taxa on 1,420 hosts. The 6.1st edition is not printed as a book, but is provided through the online 'List of Plant Diseases in Korea' (https://genebank. rda.go.kr/kplantdisease.do).

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.433-443
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• 2014

The purpose of this research is to study characteristics of Korean adults in the cultural consumption in the first decade of the early 21st century based on . The whole course of the cultural consumption of Korean adult from 2000 to 2010 has been steadily on the upswing. For Korean adults, the first decade of the early 21st century is the time when mass culture had been generalized in their cultural consumption, regardless of any generations. Besides, the twenties have been proved to be the core generation of the cultural consumption in Korean society.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.195-201
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• 2022

The core of the Fourth Industrial revolution, the topic of the 21st century, lies in the convergence of various technologies that are developing to the cutting edge. Therefore, convergence education is essential to solve problems from various perspectives. Above all, in order to solve the complex problem arising from the contact point between humans and technology in the future society, it was considered that insight through a humanities and artistic approach was necessary. Now, universities are trying to run a multidisciplinary comprehensive design to adapt to the new digital environment. In this study, an operation case of an engineering comprehensive design subject incorporating art operated by a researcher was described. The researcher presented an art convergence curriculum in a comprehensive design subject by applying 1. problem recognition and definition, 2. idea derivation and evaluation, 3. project development, 4. presentation, and demonstration process operation methods. Through this study, it is meaningful that it presented a method of operating art convergence in engineering comprehensive design subjects by allowing students to attempt an artistic aesthetic and emotional approach to project development.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.417-422
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• 2009

The problems associated with the synthesis, characterization and application of $SnO_2$-Au nanocomposites for the optimization of conductometric gas sensors have been discussed in this report. Nanocomposites have been synthesized on the surface of $SnO_2$ films using successive ionic layer deposition(SILD) method. It has been shown that the proposed approach to surface modification of metal oxide films is an excellent method for the optimization of the operating characteristics of $SnO_2$-based gas sensors, being developed for the detection of reducing gases as well as ozone.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.80-86
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• 2001

We design a sliding mode cascade observer to estimate derivatives of the output. In the 1st step of the observer, the output will be estimated, and the 1st order derivative of the output will be estimated via the 2nd step of the observer. Also, nth order derivative of the output will be estimated in the n+1th step of the observer. Exponential convergence of the estimation errors is shown under the bounded initial condition. Numerical examples will be presented to show the validity of the proposed observer.