• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.178-183
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• 2017

본 연구는 새로운 기능성 화장품 소재를 개발하기 위해 천연물 재료인 말오줌나무 추출물 활용 가능성 연구하였다. 이 목적을 이루기 위하여, 말오줌나무의 세포독성효과를 MTT assay를 통해 확인한 결과, $500{\mu}g/ml$ 농도에서 100% 이상의 세포 생존율을 나타내었다. 항염증 활성을 효과적으로 확인하기 위하여, LPS로 유도된 대식세포 내 NO 생산을 억제하는 효과를 griess의 방법으로 조사하였다. 그 결과 NO의 생성이 말오줌나무 추출물의 농도 의존적으로 저해되었음을 확인하였다. 말오줌나무 추출물을 LPS로 유도된 RAW 264.7 대식세포에서 전염증성 인자(iNOS, COX-2)들을 생성하여 측정하였다. 그 후, iNOS와 COX-2의 단백질 발현 억제 효과를 측정하기 위해 50, 100, $500{\mu}g/ml$ 농도에서 western blot을 수행하였고, ${\beta}$-actin를 양성대조군으로 사용하였다. iNOS와 COX-2의 mRNA 발현 억제 효과를 측정하기 위해 50, 100, $500{\mu}g/ml$ 농도에서 RT-PCR을 수행하였고, 양성 대조군으로 GAPDH를 사용하였다. 결과적으로, western blot으로 iNOS와 COX-2의 단백질 발현 억제 효과를 측정한결과 $500{\mu}g/ml$ 농도에서 각각 31.2%, 54.7%의 감소 효과를 보였으며, iNOS, COX-2의 mRNA 발현 억제 효과를 RT-PCR로 측정한 결과 $500{\mu}g/ml$ 농도에서 각각 72.2%, 89% 정도로 감소하였다. 이러한 결과들을 통해 말오줌나무 추출물은 항염증 효과를 가진 천연물 소재로 활용 가능할 것으로 생각된다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.657-665
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• 2009

The ovomucoid pre-mRNA has been folded into mini-hairpins adaptable for the RNA recognition motif (RRM) protein binding. The number of mini-hairpins were 372 for pre-mRNA and 83-86 for mature mRNA. The spatial arrangements are, in average, 16 nucleotides per mini-hairpin which includes 7 nt in the stem, 5.6 nt in the loop and 3.7 nt in the inter-hairpin spacer. The constitutive splicing system of ovomucoid-pre-mRNA is characterized by preferred order of intron removal of 5/6 > 7/4 > 2/1 > 3. The 5' splice sites (5'SS), branch point sequences (BPS) and 3' splice sites (3'SS) were identified and free energies involved have been estimated in 7 splice sites. Thermodynamic barriers for splice sites from the least (|lowest| -Kcal) were 5, 4, 7, 6, 2, 1, and 3; i.e., -18.7 Kcal, -20.2 Kcal, -21.0 Kcal, -24.0 Kcal, - 25.4 Kcal, -26.4 Kcal and -28.2 Kcal respectively. These are parallel to the kinetic data of splicing order reported in the literature. As a result, the preferred order of intron removals can be described by a consideration of free energy changes involved in the spliceosomal assembly pathway. This finding is consistent with the validity of hnRNP formation mechanisms in previous reports.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제55권9호
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• pp.337-343
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• 2012

Purpose: Leptin has been considered a link between metabolic state and reproductive activity. Defective reproductive function can occur in leptin-deficient and leptin-excessive conditions. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of centrally injected leptin on the hypothalamic KiSS-1 system in relation to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) action in the initial stage of puberty. Methods: Leptin (1 ${\mu}g$) was injected directly into the ventricle of pubertal female mice. The resultant gene expressions of hypothalamic GnRH and KiSS-1 and pituitary LH, 2 and 4 hours after injection, were compared with those of saline-injected control mice. The changes in the gene expressions after blocking the GnRH action were also analyzed. Results: The basal expression levels of KiSS-1, GnRH, and LH were significantly higher in the pubertal mice than in the prepubertal mice. The 1-${\mu}g$ leptin dose significantly decreased the mRNA expression levels of KiSS-1, GnRH, and LH in the pubertal mice. A GnRH antagonist significantly increased the KiSS-1 and GnRH mRNA expression levels, and the additional leptin injection decreased the gene expression levels compared with those in the control group. Conclusion: The excess leptin might have suppressed the central reproductive axis in the pubertal mice by inhibiting the KiSS-1 expression, and this mechanism is independent of the GnRH-LH-estradiol feedback loop.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.145-149
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• 2004

The definitive identification of ciliate species by morphological characteristics relies on time-consuming and laborious staining techniques. Therefore, in this study, we discriminated 3 scuticociliatosis causing species - Pseudocohnilembus persalinus, Uronema marinum and Philasterides dicentrarchi - in cultured olive flounder by multiplex PCR. The multiplex PCR based on the species-specific amplification of small subunit ribosomal RNA (SS rRNA) gene sequence enabled us to distinguish the 3 scuticociliate species in a simple and rapid manner, even in the sample containing the three species simultaneously. These data suggest that the multiplex PCR strategy would make it possible to avoid the cumbersome and time-consuming procedures of morphological analysis for the definitive identification of scuticociliates.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.752-756
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• 2006

Artemisia princeps Pampanini, which is called Ssajuarissuk in Korean (SS-1), was fermented with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and their passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction-inhibitory activity was investigated. Of these fermented agents, SS-1 extract fermented with Bifidobacterium infantis K-525 (F-SS-1) most effectively inhibited the release of ${\beta}$-hexosamindase from RBL-2H3 cells induced IgE. In IgE-induced RBL-2H3 cells, F-SS-1 inhibited proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and $TNF-{\alpha}$ mRNA expression. Oral administration of SS-1 and F-SS-1 to mice inhibited passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction induced by IgE and scratching behaviors induced by compound 48/80. The inhibitory activity of F-SS-1 against scratching behaviors was more effective than that of SS-1. These findings suggest that the fermentation of SS-1 with LAB can increase its antiallergic activity.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2016

In fish, light (photoperiod, intensity and spectra) is main regulator in many physiological actions including growth. We investigate the effect of light spectra on the somatic growth and growth-related gene expression in the rearing tiger puffer. Fish was reared under different light spectra (blue, green and red) for 8 weeks. Fish body weight and total length were promoted when reared under green light condition than red light condition. Expression of somatostatins (ss1 and ss2) in brain were showed higher expression under red light condition than green light condition. The ss3 mRNA was observed only higher expression in blue light condition. Expression of growth hormone (gh) in pituitary was detected no different levels between experimental groups. However, the fish of green light condition group was showed more high weight gain and feed efficiency than other light condition groups. Our present results suggest that somatic growth of tiger puffer is induced under green light condition because of inhibiting ss mRNA expression in brain by effect of green wavelength.

• BMB Reports
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.695-702
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• 2005

The groESL bicistronic operon of a restricted facultative methylotrophic bacterium Methylovorus sp. strain SS1 DSM 11726 was cloned and characterized. It was found to consist of two ORFs encoding proteins with molecular masses of 11,395 and 57,396 daltons, which showed a high degree of homology to other bacterial GroES and GroEL proteins. The genes were clustered in the transcription order groES-groEL. Northern blot analyses suggested that the groESL operon is transcribed as a bicistronic 2.2-kb mRNA, the steady-state level of which was markedly increased by temperature elevation. Primer extension analysis demonstrated one potential transcription start site preceding the groESL operon, which is located 100bp upstream of the groES start codon. The transcription start site was preceded by a putative promoter region highly homologous to the consensus sequences of Escherichia coli ${\sigma}^{32}$-type heat shock promoter, which functioned under both normal and heat shock conditions in E. coli. Heat shock mRNA was maximally produced by Methylovorus sp. strain SS1 approximately 10min after increasing the temperature from 30 to $42^{\circ}C$. The groESL operon was also induced by hydrogen peroxide or salt shock.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2024

Present study aimed to investigate the temporal changes in expression of some reproductive hormones in testis, originally found in hypothalamus and pituitary. Rats were sacrificed on postnatal day 23 (PND23; immature), pubertal (PND53) and PND 81 (young adult). The testicular RNAs were extracted, and semi-quantitative PCRs for gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), kisspeptin 1 (KiSS1), pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), LH subunits and LH receptor were performed. Transcript levels of GnRH and KiSS1 at PND23 were significantly higher than levels of PND53 and PND81 (p<0.001). PACAP mRNA level at PND23 was significantly lower than those of PND53 and PND81 (p<0.001). The mRNA levels of both testis type and pituitary type luteinizing hormone β subunit (tLHβ and pLHβ, respectively) at PND23 were significantly lower than levels of PND53 and PND81 (p<0.001). The mRNA level of glycoprotein hormone common alpha subunit (Cgα) at PND23 was significantly lower than those of PND53 and PND81 (p<0.001). Present study revealed the intratesticular expression of KiSS1 and GnRH showed a very similar trend while the expression of PACAP in the testis showed reversed pattern. The expressions of LHβ subunits (tLHβ and pLHβ) were very low during immature stage then increased significantly during puberty and early adulthood. Our attempt to study the local role(s) of intratesticular factors will be helpful to achieve precise understanding on the testis physiology and pathology.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.753-759
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• 2023

The genus Paenibacillus contains a variety of biologically active compounds that have potential applications in a range of fields, including medicine, agriculture, and livestock, playing an important role in the health and economy of society. Our study focused on the bacterium SS4^T (KCTC 43402^T = GDMCC 1.3498^T), which was characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. This strain was analyzed using antiSMASH, BAGEL4, and PRISM to predict the secondary metabolites. Lassopeptide clusters were found using all three analysis methods, with the possibility of secretion. Additionally, PRISM found three biosynthetic gene clusters (BGC) and predicted the structure of the product. Genome analysis indicated that glucoamylase is present in SS4^T. 16S rRNA sequence analysis showed that strain SS4^T most closely resembled Paenibacillus marchantiophytorum DSM 29850^T (98.22%), Paenibacillus nebraskensis JJ-59^T (98.19%), and Paenibacillus aceris KCTC 13870^T (98.08%). Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences and Type Strain Genome Server (TYGS) analysis revealed that SS4^T belongs to the genus Paenibacillus based on the results of the phylogenetic analysis. As a result of the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS) results, SS4^T was determined to belong to the genus Paenibacillus. Comparing P. marchantiophytorum DSM 29850^T with average nucleotide identity (ANI 78.97%) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH 23%) revealed values that were all less than the threshold for bacterial species differentiation. The results of this study suggest that strain SS4^T can be classified as a Paenibacillus andongensis species and is a novel member of the genus Paenibacillus.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제33권12호
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• pp.987-994
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• 2023

이 연구는 제주도 한우집단에서 galactose mutarotase (GALM) 유전자형과 도체형질의 연관성을 시험하였다. GALM 유전자형은 3'-비해독부위(3'-UTR)의 14-bp (5'-GGTCTAATGACCAG-3') 삽입/결실 다형성을 이용하였다. 한우 비육우 집단에서 GALM 유전자의 세 가지 유전자형(LL, LS, SS)이 모두 관찰되었다. 연관성 분석결과는 근내지방의 함량과 밀접한 상관을 보이는 육질등급과 근내지방도의 수준과, 등지방두께의 수준이 유전자형에 따른 유의적인 차이를 나타내었다(p<0.05). 동형접합인 SS 유전자형을 보유한 도체에서 LL 또는 LS 유전자형인 도체에 비해 근내지방 함량 수준은 더 높고, 등지방두께도 더 얇은 수준을 보였다. 반면, 도체중, 등심단면적, 육색, 지방색 등은 GALM 유전자형에 따른 유의적인 차이는 없었다(p>0.05). 3'-UTR에서 14-bp 절편의 결실은 RNA의 2차 구조의 변형과 RNA-결합 단백질, microRNA와의 결합능력에 대한 방해를 통해 유전자 발현에 영향을 줄 수 있는 것으로 예측되었다. GALM 유전자의 3'-UTR 영역에서 14-bp 삽입/결실 다형성에 대한 이번 연구결과는 소에서 근육과 등지방 조직에서 galactose 대사에 의한 지방 축적을 통해 성장형질, 도체형질에 영향을 주는 것으로 판단된다.