• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.907-913
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• 2005

The present study has been conducted to investigate convective heat/mass transfer in the cooling passage with bleed holes. The rotating square channel has 40.0 mm hydraulic diameter and the bleed holes on the leading surface of the channel. The hole diameter of bleed hole is 4.5mm and its spacing is ( p/d:4.9) about five times of hole diameter. Exit mass flow rate through bleed holes is $0\%,\;10\%\;and\;20\%$ of the main mass flow rate respectively. rotation number is fixed 0.2. A naphthalene sublimation technique is employed to determine the detailed local heat transfer coefficients using the heat and mass transfer analogy. The cooling performance is influenced by exit mass flow rate through bleed holes and Coriolis force of rotating channel for fixed Reynolds number. The heat transfer on the leading surface is decreased due to Coriolis force. However the total heat transfer is enhanced around holes on the leading surface because of trapping flow by bleeding.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.757-760
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• 2002

In this study, 3 kinds of holes (square, circular and elliptic holes) are attempted on a cantilever to reduce the weight by 30%. Maximum Von-Mises stresses of cantilever plate with 3 kinds of holes are investigated. For the elliptic holes, a shape optimization is attempted to fad the optimum angle of axis by rotating the axis by $10^{\circ}\; from\; 50^{\circ}\; to\; 120^{\circ}\;$ From the results, it is known that the maximum stress is decreased to 0.868 MPa by rotation of the axis of elliptic hole and 0.26 MPa is decreased compared with the maximum stress occurred on the circular hole.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.263-266
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• 2010

In this paper, a novel defected ground structure (DGS) pattern with enhanced effective capacitance (varactor diode) and a hole in PCB center is presented. The increase in effective capacitance enables the new DGS pattern to achieve a lower resonance than the DGS pattern for the same etched square dimension. The hole in the center also can make resonator frequency lower with better characteristic. According to the tunable characteristic of varactor diode, the resonant frequencies can be tunable. Simulation results show that a lower resonance is achieved with active device, compared to a common DGS pattern.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.218-221
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• 2007

The surface mounting technology of 0402 electric chip part is necessary to fabricate a high density and multi-functional module, but there is a limitation of the technology, like as a bridge and self-alignement. This work estimated SMT processing factors of 0402 chip. To obtain optimum SMT process, we evaluated effects of stencil thickness, shape of hole on printability and mountability. Printability shows best results under the thickness of $80{mu}m$ with circle hole shape and 90% square hole shape. In case of chip mounting process, chip mis-alignment and bridge was occurred rarely in same conditions. In more thin stencil thickness, $50{mu}m$, strength of 1005 chip parts was poor, because of amount of printed solder was insufficient.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.288-292
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• 2003

The fabrication of silicon nano-master with pillar structures using E-beam lithography and ICP etching was investigated for application of 2-dimensional polymer photonic crystal waveguides with air hole structures. Pillar structures with square, hexagon, dodecagon and circle were successfully fabricated. The diameters and structures of fabricated pillars were measured by CD-SEM and SPM-AFM. It was found that the optimal dose for complete circle pillar structures was 432 $\mu$C/$\textrm{cm}^2$.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.30-38
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• 2006

A new calibration method for five-hole pressure probe is presented. This method provides accuracies better than those based on the traditional regression method. The calibration algorithm uses a single sector interpolation response surface calculated by comparing the regression curve fits with the actual calibration data. A five-hole pressure probe with hemispherical tip was fabricated and calibrated at Reynolds number of $4.11{\times}10^6$/m and flow angle of ${\pm}48$ degrees. Two data prediction models, the least-square regression and a single sector error interpolation, were evaluated. The comparison of these two calibration methods to a five-hole probe is described and discussed. An evaluation of the calibration accuracy is also given.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.175-181
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• 2021

Objectives: The correlation between the size of a leak hole, the volume of the leakage, and the range of influence was investigated for a hydrochloric acid tank-lorry. Methods: For the case of a tank-lorry chemical accident, KORA (Korea Off-site Risk Assessment Supporting Tool) was used to predict the leak rate and the range of influence according to the size of the leak hole. The correlation was studied using R. Results: As a result of analyzing the leak rate change according to the leak hole size in a 35% hydrochloric acid tank-lorry, as the size of the leak hole increased from 1 to 100 mm, the leak rate increased from 0.008 to 83.94 kg/sec, following the power function. As a result of calculating the range of influence under conditions ranging from 1 to 100 mm in size and 10 to 60 minutes of leakage time, it was found that the range spanned from a minimum of 5.4 m to a maximum of 307.9 m. As a result of multiple regression analysis using R, the quadratic function model best explained the correlation between the size of the leak hole, the leak time, and the range of influence with an adjected coefficient of determination of 0.97 and a root mean square error of 22.33. Conclusion: If a correlation database for the size of a leak hole is accumulated for various substances and under various conditions, the amount of leakage and the range of influence can easily be calculated, facilitating field response activities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.285-288
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• 2003

The bending phenomenon during extruding one product using four billets can be obtain by the difference of hole diameters in the multi-hole container. The difference of hole diameter caused the difference of billet amount inserted in the die cavity. As results, it can bend during extruding products by the different amount of two billets and by the cohesion of billets in the porthole dies cavity. And the bending curvature can be controlled by the size of holes and billets. The experiments using aluminium material had been done for the rectangular and square curved tube product. The results of the experiment show that the curved aluminum tube product can be bended by the extru-bending process without the defects such as the distortion of section and the thickness change of the wall of tube and the folding and wrinkling. The curvature of product is affected by shape of cross section and the difference of billet diameters. It is known that the welding and extruding and bending can be done simultaneously in the die cavity when a rectangular hollow curved tube would be extruded by porthole dies using four different size billets made of aluminum material.

• Electrical & Electronic Materials
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.564-571
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• 1996

We calculated the drift-velocities of electrons and holes of I $n_{0.53}$(A $l_{x}$G $a_{1-x}$ )$_{0.47}$As, which is used for semiconductor materials of high performance HBTs, along with the various doping concentrations and Al mole fractions as well as the electric fields by Monte Carlo experiment. Especially, for the valence bands the accuracy of hole-drift-velocity was improved in the consideration of intervalley scattering due to the inelastic scattering of acoustic phonon. From the results the empirical formulas of the low- and high field mobility of electrons and holes were extracted by using nonlinear least square fitting method. The accuracy of the formulas was proved by comparing the formula of low-field electron mobility as well as drift-velocity of I $n_{0.53}$ G $a_{0.47}$As and of low-field hole mobility of GaAs with the measured values, where the error was below 10%. For the high-field mobilities of electron and hole the results calculated by the formulas were very well matched with the MC experimental results except at the narrow field range where the electrons produced the velocity overshoot and the corresponding error was about 30%.0%. 30%.0%.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.115-122
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• 2007

In this study, the property and the structure of micro-speaker had been firstly shown to be treated as a ducted speaker-system, which was consisted of the unit and the ducted enclosure. With the decrease of total hole area. the resonance frequency of micro-speaker was decreased due to increasing the stiffness or reducing the compliance. The behavior of resonance frequency relative to the total hole area was exactly agreed with that of the square root of compliance. With decreasing the total hole area. the effective chamber volume was increased, but the reference sound pressure level was exponentially reduced in the low and middle frequency range.