• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.746-749
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• 2003

Alignment of 2D-gel images of biological samples can visualize the difference of expression profiles and also inform us candidates of protein spots to be further analyzed. However, comparison of two proteome images between case and control does not always successfully identify differentially expressed proteins due to sample-to-sample variation. Because of poor reproducibility of 2D-gel electrophoresis, sample-by-sample variations and inconsistent electrophoresis conditions, multiple number of 2D-gel image must be processed to align each other to visualize the difference of expression profiles and to deduce the protein spots differentially expressed with reliability. Alignment of multiple 2D-Gel images and their clustering were carried out by applying various algorithms and statistical methods. In order to align multiple images, multiresolution-multilevel algorithm was found out to be suitable for fast alignment and for distorted images. Clustering of 12 different images implementing a k-means algorithm gives a phylogenetic tree of distance map of the proteomes. Microsoft Visual C++ was used to implement the algorithms in this work.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.132.2-132
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• 2003

Anthracnose occurred on rapsberry grown in Gochang areas of Korea in 2003. The disease incidence was ranged from 1.1 to 2.6％. Anthracnose of rapsberry appeared as dark brown circular spots on naturally infected stems. The symptoms of infected stems were small brown to dark brown spots and gradually enlarged larger cylindrical dark brown lesions. The causal fungus of anthracnose isolated from the diseased plants was identifed as Colletotrichum coccodes based on the morphological and cultural characteristics. All isolates of C. coccodes were produced similar symptoms on the host leaves by artificial inocultion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.1139-1144
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• 2000

In vivo Drosophilla 돌연변이 검출계에서 발생 단계상의 독성효과가 없는 범위에서 소금 및 젓갈을 단독 처리했을 때 모든 시료가 자연발생 빈도가 유사하게 나타났다. MNNG의 체세포 돌연변이 유발에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과 생멸치, 6개월간 속성된 멸치 12개월된 멸치액젓은 항돌연변이효과를 보였고, 발효하지 않은 소금에 절인 멸치는 small muh spots 와 large mwh spots 의 출현빈도에 대해 모두 보돌연변이 효과를 보였다. 따라서 멸치 젓갈 제조시 멸치에 소금이 첨가되어 (생젓갈) 돌연변이 유발이 일어날 가능성이 있지만 숙성기간이 길어지면 (12개월, 익은 젓갈) 오히려 항돌연변이효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.311-314
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• 2003

Under hyperosmotic stress, rCHO cells display decreased specific growth rate $({\mu})$ and increased specific antibody productivity $(q_{Ab})$. The effects of hyperosmotic stress on batch culture cellular dynamics are not well understood. To this end, we conducted a proteome profile of rCHO cells, using 2D-gel, MALDI-TOF-MS and MS/MS. As a result, the proteome profile of rCHO cells could be established using 41 identified proteins. Based on this proteome profile of rCHO cells, we have found at least 8 differently expressed spots at hyperosmotic osmolality (450 mOsm/kg). Among these spots, two metabolic enzymes were found to be up-regulated (pyruvate kinase and GAPDH), while down-regulated protein was identified as tubulin. It shows that hyperosmotic stress can alter metabolic state, by up-regulated activities of two glycolysis enzymes, which could lead to activate the generation of metabolic energy. Tubulin expression was down-regulated, suggesting a reduction of cell division. Finally, the increased conversion energy could leads to improve overall productivity.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.54-55
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• 2002

Soaked black rot symptom was observed on the stem of Angelica acutiloba from July to August 2000 at Kumsan, Chungnam in Korea. This disease usually occurred under humid and high temperature conditions. The lesions on the stem appeared as soft rot with brown elliptical spots, which developed into large black spots at a later stage. When the bacterial isolates from the diseased plants were inoculated onto healthy plants by artificial needle prick method, symptoms similar to that observed in the fields developed. According to the cultural characteristics and pathogenicity of the isolates on the host plant the causal bacterium was identified as Xanthomonas campestris. This study proposed that the disease be named "bacterial black stem rot of A. acutiloba"loba".

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.52-59
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• 1996

The results of the electrical contact conductivity of multi-contact spots accounting the surface roughness and the non-conductive films of different origins such as air, water, cutting oil, and machining oil are presented. The array of metal spheres compressed between two flat plates has been used for simulation of the contact behavior of multiple contact of solids, under normal loading. Measurement of electrical contact resistance has been made using the equipment providing the adequate accuracy in the range of micro Ohms. The data on electrical contact resistance have been compared with theoretical predictions using the multiple contact model of constriction resistance. The effect of single spot number and array on conductivity of contact has been evaluated. The results of the experiments show that the contact resistance are closely related to the number of loading cycles, form of surface roughness, and presence of non-conductive films that reduce the size of the real electrical contact spots.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1-4
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• 1994

금속과 금속이 접합할 때 발생하는 고유 저항값은 접촉소재의 종류, 접촉면의 상태, 접촉조건(하중, 온도, 정적 또는 동적인 접촉 등), 주변환경에 따라서 변한다. 소재가 접촉할 때 발생되는 저항값의 변화특성을 적극적으로 이용한 것이 전기 저항법(Electrical Contact Resistance Method)이다. 접촉 저항법의 특징은 접촉시 발생되는 저항값이 미세하게 변화한다 할지라도 모두 계측이 가능하다는 점이다. 그동안의 연구는 ㅈ로 단일 접촉점(Single Contact Spots) 위주의 단편적인 실험적 연구를 통하여 접촉 저항법에 대한 신뢰도 확보에 노력하였으나, 최근에는 접촉점이 인접한 다른 접촉부위에 미치는 영향, 즉 다수 접촉점군(Multiple Contact Spots and Clusters)의 거동해석에 더욱 큰 연구 비중을 두고 있다. 접촉점군 상호간의 영향에 관한 연구가 많이 진행되기는 하였지만 해석모델의 적절성 여부가 실험적 데이타를 통하여 확인이 아직 안되었기 때문에 기존의 접촉저항 추정식을 직접 사용하기가 어려웠으나 최근에 볼군-원판 모델에 대한 접촉점과 다수의 접촉점군 상호간에 발생될 수 있는 접촉저항 특성을 실험적으로 해석하여 보다 정확한 해석모델이 제시되었다.

• Mycobiology
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.233-239
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• 2020

A small-spored Alternaria was found from black spots of storaged Koerle pear (Pyrus sinkiangensis), one of the economically important fruit in Xinjiang province, China. The morphology is similar to A. limoniasperae but obviously different in secondary conidiophores and conidial septa. A phylogenetic analysis using sequence datasets of ITS, GAPDH, TEF1, RPB2, Alt a1, OPA10-2, and EndoPG genes revealed that it belonged to the Alternaria alternata complex group. Pathogenicity tests illustrated that the fungus was the causal pathogen of black spot on Koerle pear fruit.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.153-155
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• 1981

Attempts were made to investigate on sterols of Cryptoporus volatus (Pk.) Hubb.. Its carpophores were collected in Gyeong Gi Province and extracted with a mixture of chloroform and methanol. From the extract eight spots were detected by T.L.C.. One of the spots was identified as ergosterol by T.L.C., G.L.C. and chemical tests.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.7
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• pp.81-87
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• 1967

This report was prepared to find the causes of breaks during the winding operation and the obtained results were as followings. 1. Among around kinds of breaks, the percentage of breaks on the silk thread in our country was that injured and damaged thread was 43.23% where as hard gum spots of 16.07% split thread of 11.70%. and disturbed one of 7.22% were found. 2. It was known that the breaks percentage between Spring cocoon and Autumn cocoon bad the difference. 3. Microscopic observation of the spots of breaks were separately made, and the sccurted causes were observed to prevent the admajor defects.