• 제목/요약/키워드: spin torque

검색결과 122건 처리시간 0.035초

치과 치료기기용 에어 모터 핸드피스의 성능에 관한 수치 해석적 연구 (A COMPUTIONAL STUDY ON PERFORMANCE OF THE DENTAL AIR MOTOR HAND-PIECE)

  • 성용준;임설;송동주
    • 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국전산유체공학회 2010년 춘계학술대회논문집
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    • pp.277-282
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    • 2010
  • Imported vane type air motor and-piece is used widely in the domestic dental services. The imported hand-pieces are more than 90 percent in the domestic market. The air-motor unit of the hand-piece had not been developed inside of the country yet. Therefore it needs some research works. Purpose of this study is to design the air motor of the hand-piece for better performance. The geometry of the air-motor is based on product of NSK Company. The airflow of the air motor unit is simulated by Computational Fluid Dynamics. The performance analysis of the air motor units is investigated. ANSYS 12.0 CFX is used to analysis of the flowfield. Torque changes depends on spin calculated by the immersed solid method.

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Code Optimization Techniques to Reduce Energy Consumption of Multimedia Applications in Hybrid Memory

  • Dadzie, Thomas Haywood;Cho, Seungpyo;Oh, Hyunok
    • IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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    • 제5권4호
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    • pp.274-282
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    • 2016
  • This paper proposes code optimization techniques to reduce energy consumption of complex multimedia applications in a hybrid memory system with volatile dynamic random access memory (DRAM) and non-volatile spin-transfer torque magnetoresistive RAM (STT-MRAM). The proposed approach analyzes read/write operations for variables in an application. Based on the profile, variables with a high read operation are allocated to STT-MRAM, and variables with a high write operation are allocated to DRAM to reduce energy consumption. In this paper, to optimize code for real-life complicated applications, we develop a profiler, a code modifier, and compiler/link scripts. The proposed techniques are applied to a Fast Forward Motion Picture Experts Group (FFmpeg) application. The experiment reduces energy consumption by up to 22%.

Interfacial Magnetic Anisotropy of Co90Zr10 on Pt Layer

  • 길준표;서동익;배기열;박완준;최원준;노재성
    • 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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    • pp.356.2-356.2
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    • 2014
  • Spin Transfer Torque (STT) is of great interest in data writing scheme for the Magneto-resistive Random Access Memory (MRAM) using Magnetic Tunnel Junction (MTJ). Scalability for high density memory requires ferromagnetic electrodes having the perpendicular magnetic easy axis. We investigated CoZr as the ferromagnetic electrode. It is observed that interfacial magnetic anisotropy is preferred perpendicular to the plane with thickness dependence on the interfaces with Pt layer. The anisotropy energy (Ku) with thickness dependence shows a change of magnetic-easy-axis direction from perpendicular to in-plane around 1.2 nm of CoZr. The interfacial anisotropy (Ki) as the directly related parameters to switching and thermal stability, are estimated as $1.64erg/cm^2$ from CoZr/Pt multilayered system.

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Energy Consumption Evaluation for Two-Level Cache with Non-Volatile Memory Targeting Mobile Processors

  • Matsuno, Shota;Togawa, Masashi;Yanagisawa, Masao;Kimura, Shinji;Sugibayashi, Tadahiko;Togawa, Nozomu
    • IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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    • 제2권4호
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    • pp.226-239
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    • 2013
  • A number of systems have several on-chip memories with cache memory being one of them. Conventional cache memory consists of SRAM but the ratio of static energy to the total energy of the memory architecture becomes larger as the leakage power of traditional SRAM increases. Spin-Torque Transfer RAM (STT-RAM), which is a variety of Non-Volatile Memory (NVM), has many advantages over SRAM, such as high density, low leakage power, and non-volatility, but it consumes too much writing energy. This study evaluated a wide range of energy consumptions of a two-level cache using NVM partially on a mobile processor. Through a number of experimental evaluations, it was confirmed that the use of NVM partially in the two-level cache effectively reduces energy consumption significantly.

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Optical Measurement of Magnetic Anisotropy Field in Nanostructured ferromagnetic Thin Films

  • Whang, Hyun-Seok;Yun, Sang-Jun;Moon, Joon;Choe, Sug-Bong
    • Journal of Magnetics
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    • 제20권1호
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    • pp.8-10
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    • 2015
  • The magnetic anisotropy field plays an important role in spin-orbit-torque-induced magnetization dynamics with electric current injection. Here, we propose a magnetometric technique to measure the magnetic anisotropy field in nanostructured ferromagnetic thin films. This technique utilizes a magneto-optical Kerr effect microscope equipped with two-axis electromagnets. By measuring the out-of-plane hysteresis loops and then analyzing their saturated magnetization with respect to the in-plane magnetic field, the magnetic anisotropy field is uniquely quantified within the context of the Stoner-Wohlfarth theory. The present technique can be applied to small nanostructures, enabling in-situ determination of the magnetic anisotropy field of nanodevices.

Embedded Object-Oriented Micromagnetic Frame (OOMMF) for More Flexible Micromagnetic Simulations

  • Kim, Hyungsuk;You, Chun-Yeol
    • Journal of Magnetics
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    • 제21권4호
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    • pp.491-495
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    • 2016
  • We developed an embedded Object-Oriented Micromagnetic Frame (OOMMF) script schemes for more flexible simulations for complex and dynamic mircomagnetic behaviors. The OOMMF can be called from any kind of softwares by system calls, and we can interact with OOMMF by updating the input files for next step from the output files of the previous step of OOMMF. In our scheme, we set initial inputs for OOMMF simulation first, and run OOMMF for ${\Delta}t$ by system calls from any kind of control programs. After executing the OOMMF during ${\Delta}t$, we can obtain magnetization configuration file, and we adjust input parameters, and call OOMMF again for another ${\Delta}t$ running. We showed one example by using scripting embedded OOMMF scheme, tunneling magneto-resistance dependent switching time. We showed the simulation of tunneling magneto-resistance dependent switching process with non-uniform current density using the proposed framework as an example.

CoFe 박막의 자성과 자기결정이방성에 대한 제일원리계산 (Magnetism and Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy of CoFe Thin Films: A First-principles Study)

  • 김은구;제갈소영;권오룡;홍순철
    • 한국자기학회지
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.35-40
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    • 2014
  • 본 연구에서는 제일원리계산방법을 이용하여 스핀전달토크(Spin-Transfer Torque: STT) MRAM을 구현하는 데 적합한 물질로 알려진 CoFe 합금 박막의 자성과 자기결정이방성에 대해 계산하였다. CsCl 구조의 CoFe 합금 박막의 자기결정이방성을 계산하기 위해 교환-상관 퍼텐셜은 일반화 물매근사(general gradient approximation: GGA)를 사용하였으며 k-점은 $12{\times}12{\times}1$, 절단 에너지는 400 eV을 사용하였다. CoFe 합금 박막의 층수는 5층으로 하였고 박막 표면이 Co 원자인 경우와 Fe 원자인 경우에 $2.2{\AA}$에서 $3.2{\AA}$까지 범위에서 2차원 격자상수에 따른 박막의 총에너지를 계산하였다. 총에너지 계산 결과에 따르면 Co 표면의 CoFe 5층 박막의 총에너지는 $2.45{\AA}$$2.76{\AA}$의 두 2차원 격자상수에서 극소치를 가지는데 fcc 형 결정구조를 가지는 $2.45{\AA}$의 2차원 격자상수 박막이 bcc 형 결정구조를 가지는 $2.76{\AA}$ 2차원 격자상수 박막보다 약 160 meV 차이로 더 안정함을 알 수 있었다. 반면 Fe 표면의 CoFe 5층 박막은 상당히 복잡한 총에너지 계산 결과를 보여 주는데 이는 Fe 표면의 CoFe 5층 박막은 복잡한 자성 구조를 가지기 때문일 것으로 판단된다. $2.45{\AA}$의 Co 표면의 CoFe 5층 박막은 표면에 평행한 자기결정이방성을 가지는 반면, $2.76{\AA}$일 때는 표면에 수직한 자기결정이방성을 가지는 것으로 계산되었다.

짧은 전류 펄스를 이용한 전류 유도 자화 반전에서 에너지 장벽 분포의 효과 (Effect of Energy Barrier Distribution on Current-Induced Magnetization Switching with Short Current Pulses)

  • 김우영;이경진
    • 한국자기학회지
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    • 제21권2호
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    • pp.48-51
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    • 2011
  • 본 논문에서는 짧은 전류 펄스를 이용한 미소자기 소자에서의 전류 유도 자화 반전에 대한 매크로 스핀 시뮬레이션 연구를 수행하였다. 자화 반전 전류 분포에 있어서 에너지 장벽이 미치는 효과에 특별히 주목하였다. 자화 반전 전류의 크기 및 분포는 전류 펄스 폭의 감소에 따라 증가했다. 여기서 긴 전류 펄스 폭 영역에서는 에너지 장벽과 자화 반전 전류 분포 사이의 관계가 아레니우스-닐 법칙에 의해 서술된다. 하지만 짧은 전류 펄스 폭의 영역에서는 이 관계가 풀리지 않은 채로 남아있다. 이는 짧은 전류 펄스로 인한 자화 반전이 열적 활성화에 의해서가 아닌 세차 운동에 의해 좌우되기 때문이며, 이를 해결하는 데에 있어서 어려움이 발생한다. 그러므로 포커-플랑크 방정식을 풀어서 짧은 전류 펄스 영역에서의 자화 반전에 대한 정확한 공식을 얻어내는 것이 필요하며 이를 통해 짧은 전류 펄스 영역에서의 자화 반전 양상을 이해 할 수 있을 것으로 본다.