• Proceedings of the KSMRM Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.110-110
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• 2001

목적： 최근 들어 컴퓨터 그래픽의 발전과 함께 가상 현실 등에 연구 및 응용이 급증하고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 fMRI를 이용하여 이차원 및 삼차원 시각자극에 대한 뇌의 기능을 살펴보는 것이다. 같은 영상에 대한 2D와 3D영상을 보여 주면서, fMRI 영상 데이터를 얻었다. 사람에게 미치는 자극 중에 하나인 시각 자극에서 2D와 3D에 대해 반응하는 차이를 규명하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법： Gradient echo를 기반으로 한 EPI 영상기법을 이용하여, 가톨릭 의대의 3.0 Tesla whole body MRI system에서 실험하였다. 해부학적 영상을 얻기 위해서는 spin echo를 이용하였다. 4명의 volunteer에 대해 같은 영상에 대한 2D와 3D영상을 보여주면서 실험을 수행하였다. 시각자극의 paradigm은 5단계 (rest, active, rest, active, rest)로 하였고, 3번의 rest와 2번의 active구간을 사이에 두었다. 각각의 구간은 10번의 iteration으로 이루어져 있고, 첫 번째 구간은 15번으로 하여 처음 5개의 결과를 버리고, 데이터를 얻었다. 결과는 spm99를 이용하여 분석하였다.

• Proceedings of the KSMRM Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.40-40
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to characterize focal hepatic lesions through pre and post ferucarbotran-enhanced T2 and T2＊-weighted imaging and to help differentiate benign and malignant lesions 대상 및 방법： Consecutive 34 patients with 52 hepatic lesions underwent MRI before and after intravenous bolus injection of ferucarbotran (Resovist Sobering, Berlin, Germany) for evaluation of focal hepatic lesions. Lesions included hemangiomas (n=17), metastases (n=12), cysts (n=10), hepatocellular carcinomas (n=8), dysplastic nodules (n=4), and focal fat deposit (n=1). T2-weighted fast spin echo (TR/TE： 4060/138) and gradient echo T2＊-weighted images(TR/TE： 140/5.3, FA = 90) were obtained according to the institutional routine imaging protocol. Lesional signal-intensity and lesion-to-liver contrast changes were measured by contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) from region of interest.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.281-285
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• 2016

The purpose of study was to evaluate SNR and CNR with different contrast agent contents (1.0 mmol/mL gadobutrol and 0.5 mmol/mL gadoterate meglumine) for spin echo (SE) and 3-dimension contrast-enhanced fast field echo (3D CE-FFE) pulse sequences. In this study, we compared the SNR and the CNR between 0.5 mmol/mL gadoterate meglumine and 1.0 mmol/mL gadobutrol according to the concentration of contrast agent in brain MRI. When we compared between SE and 3D CE-FFE pulse sequences, the higher SNR and CNR using 3D CE-FFE pulse sequence can be acquire regardless of contrast agent contents. Also, a statistically significant difference was found for SNR and CNR between all protocols. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that the SNR and CNR have not risen proportionately with contrast agent contents. We hope that these results presented in this paper will contribute to decide contrast agent contents for brain MRI.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1999.07g
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• pp.2809-2811
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• 1999

In this paper, we develope an algorithm to calculate field inhomogeneity in MR imaging using a dual fast spin echo pulse sequence. Because phase modulation time can be easily modified with this pulse sequence, high resolution image can be obtained and acquisition time can be reduced compared to gradient echo technique. In the case of phase wrapping in field map, phase corrected using image processing technique. We assume the field pattern to be second order polynomial and apply Pseudo-Inverse equation to calculate second order polynomial coefficients. These coefficients can be used for the shimming of the magnetic field.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.26-36
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• 2002

A solid-state reaction of $MoO_3$ with as-synthesized H-SAPO-34 generated paramagnetic Mo(V) species. The dehydration resulted in weak Mo(V) species, and subsequent activation resulted in the formation of Mo(V) species such as $Mo(V)_{5c}$ and $Mo(V)_{6c}$ that are characterized by ESR. The data of ESR and ESEM show the oxomolybdenum species, to be $(MoO_2)^+$ or $(MoO)^{3+}$. The $(MoO_2)^+$ species seems to be more probable. Since H-SAPO-34 has a low framework negative charge, $(MoO)^{3+}$ with a high positive charge can not be easily stabilized. A solution reaction between the solution of silico-molybdic acid and calcined H-SAPO-34 resulted in only $(MoO_2)^+$ species. A rhombic ESR signal is observed on adsorption of $D_2O$, $CD_3OH$, $CH_3Ch_2OD$ and $ND_3$. The Location and coordination structure of Mo(V) species has been determined by three-pulse electron spin-echo modulation data and their simulations. After the adsorption of methanol, ethylene, ammonia, and water for MoH-SAPO-34, three molecules, one molecule, one and one molecule, respectively, are directly coordinated to $(MoO_2)^+)$.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.30-38
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• 2001

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for monitoring the response to radiation therapy in metastatic bone marrow of the spines. Materials and Methods: Twenty-one patients with metastatic bone marrow of the spines were examined with MRI. Diffusion-weighted and spin-echo MRI were performed in 10 patients before and after radiation therapy with or without systemic chemotherapy, and performed in 11 patients after radiation therapy alone. Follow up spin-echo and diffusion-weighted MRI were obtained at 1 to 6 months after radiation therapy according to patients' condition. The diffusion-weighted imaging sequence was based on reversed fast imaging with steady-state precession (PSIF). Signal intensity changes of the metastatic bone marrows before and after radiation therapy on conventional spin-echo sequence MRI and diffusion-weighted MRI were evaluated. Bone marrow contrast ratios and signal-to-noise ratios before and after radiation therapy of diffusion- weighted MRI were analyzed. Results: All metastatic bone marrow of the spinal bodies were hyperintense to normal bone marrow of the spinal bodies on pretreatment diffusion-weighted MRI and positive bone marrow contrast ratios(p<0.001), and hypointense to normal spinal bodies on posttreatment diffusion-weighted MRI and negative bone marrow contrast ratios(p<0.001). The signal to noise ratios after treatment decreased comparing with those of pretreatment. Decreased signal intensity of the metastatic bone marrows on diffusion-weighted MRI began to be observed at average more than one month after the initiation of the radiation therapy. Conclusion: These results suggest that diffusion-weighted MRI would be an excellent method for monitoring the response to therapy of metastatic bone marrow of the spinal bodies, however, must be investigated in a larger series of patients with longer follow up period.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.379-381
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• 2002

The major electron transfer cofactors in photosystem II have been studied by pulsed EPR, pulsed electron electron double resonance (PELDOR) and laser excited spin polarized electron spin echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) methods, in non-oriented and oriented photosystem II membranes. Distances between radical pairs were determined trom the observed dipole interaction constants to be 27.3 A for P680-QA, 30 A, etc. with the error within 1 A. Angles between the distance vector and membrane normal was determined by orientation dependence of oriented membranes with the accuracy of 5˚ The results were compared with the recent structural data by X-ray analysis.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.343-346
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• 2005

In this study, a basic concept of wavelet encoding and its advantages over Fourier based phase encoding application. Wavelet encoding has been proposed as an alternative way to Fourier based phase encoding in magnetic resonance imaging. In wavelet encoding, the RF pulse is designed to generate wavelet-shaped excitation profile of spins. From the resulting echo signals, the wavelet transform coefficients of spin distribution are acquired and an original spin density is reconstructed from wavelet expansion. Wavelet encoding has several advantages over phase encoding. By minimizing redundancy of the data acquisition in a dynamic series of images, we can avoid some encoding steps without serious loss of quality in reconstructed image. This strategy may be regarded as data compression during imaging. Although there are some limitations in wavelet encoding, it is a promising scheme in a dynamic imaging.

• Proceedings of the KSMRM Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.23-23
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• 1996

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.341-342
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• 2007

3T MRI system에서 고해상도 영상을 얻기 위해서는 magnetic field를 균일하게 만들어야 한다. 특히 초고속 영상 기법인 Spiral scan 방식과 EPI scan 방식에서는 이미지 영역에서의 magnetic field의 inhomogeneity에 의해 영상의 왜곡이 심해진다. 본 논문에서는 magnetic field의 inhomogeneity를 단시간 내에 측정하기 위해 fast spin echo방식의 pulse sequence 제안하고, magnetic field를 분석하기 위한 field map의 구성과, field pattern의 효과적인 분석을 통하여, magnetic field를 균일하게 만드는 방법을 제안한다.