• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.46-54
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• 2016

2-Oxoglutarate (2OG) acts as a signaling molecule and plays a critical role in secondary metabolism in a variety of organisms, including plants. Six 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) and Fe(II) oxygenase (2OGO) genes, VlCE2OGO1 [Vitis labruscana 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) and Fe(II) oxygenase 1], VlCE2OGO2, VlCE2OGO3, VlCE2OGO4, VlCE2OGO5, and VlCE2OGO6, which show different expression patterns upon transcriptome analysis of 'Campbell Early' grapevine exposed to low temperature for 4 weeks, were analyzed for their structure and expression. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of the 2OGO genes from the V. labruscana transcripts revealed sequence similarities of 38.6% (VlCE2OGO1 and VlCE2OGO2) to 19.2% (VlCE2OGO2 and VlCE2OGO3). The lengths of these genes ranged from 1053 to 2298 bp, and they encoded 316 to 380 amino acids. The prediction of the secondary structure of the encoded proteins by Self-Optimized Prediction Method with Alignment (SOPMA) indicated that all the genes contained alpha helix (23.95 to 41.71%), extended strand (16 to 22.34%), beta turn (6.65 to 9.22%), and random coil (32.97 to 51.58%) in the analysis. Specific primers from unique regions in each gene obtained by alignment of nucleotide sequences were used in real time PCR for analysis of gene expression. All tested genes showed differential expression in grapevines exposed to low temperature. Of the six transcripts, VlCE2OGO1, VlCE2OGO2, and VlCE2OGO3 were up-regulated and VlCE2OGO4, VlCE2OGO5, and VlCE2OGO6 were down-regulated in response to cold treatments at all tested time points. The 2OG genes can be used for elucidation of mechanisms of tolerance to cold and as valuable molecular genetic resources for selection in breeding programs for cold-hardy grapevines.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.605-611
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• 1999

Conventional methods for assessing remaining life of critical high temperature components in fossil power plants rely on nondestructive inspection practices and accompanying life analysis based on fracture mechanics By using these conventional methods. It has been difficult to perform uninterrupted in-service inspection for life prediction. Thus, efforts have been made for developing on-line remaining life monitoring systems employing information on the shape of structures, operating variables and material properties. In thus study, a software for on-line life monitoring system which performs real-time life evaluation of a high temperature system headers was developed. The software is capable of evaluating creep and fatigue life usage from the real-time stress data calculated by using temperatures/stress transfer Green functions derived in advance for the specific headers. The major benefits of the developed software life in determining future operating schedule, inspection interval, and replacement plan by monitoring real-time life usage based on prior operating history.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.32-44
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• 2019

Based on the characteristics of cultural expressions, this paper compares and analyzes the cases of representative commercial architectural spaces of six largest cities in China.In order to promoting the sustainable development of the indoor space culture of modern commercial buildings in China.Six cases were analyzed from the viewpoints of cultural tradition, locality, popularity, technology, and ecology. The results are as follows. First, the tradition of culture requires the emphasis on the traditional elements of specific areas in the interior space of commercial architecture.Second, the regional character of culture is closely related to the social and natural environment factors such as the economic development of the interior space of commercial architecture, historical intrinsic space, geographical environmental conditions, and climate.Fourth, the technicality of culture is to integrate construction method, structure form, and material with local culture into commercial architecture interior space.Fifth, cultural ecology places attention to placing plants in the interior space of commercial architecture and creating a healthy, pleasant and safe environment.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.411-417
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• 2021

By-products produced from medicinal plants (MP) were evaluated as feed additives on growth performance, blood chemistry, and immune responses of the juvenile red lip mullet Liza haematocheila. A commercial diet was used as the control. Four experimental diets were prepared by combining 0.5% of MPs such as Panax ginseng (PG), Schisandra chinensis (SC), Angelica gigas (AG), and Rehmannia glutinosa (RG), via water absorption, to the control diet. Triplicate groups of fish averaging 61.8 g were fed one of experimental diets to apparent satiation for 8 weeks. Dietary supplementation of MPs did not affect the growth performance, biological indices and whole body composition of fish compared to the control. The fish fed with AG diet had an increased weight gain, and specific growth rate compared to fish in SC group. Decreased level of plasma glucose was observed in fish fed diet containing MPs. Lysozyme activity was significantly increased in the fish fed AG diet compared to that of fish in PG group. These results indicate that dietary supplementation of Angelica gigas may enhance growth performance and immune responses in juvenile red lip mullet.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.53 no.8
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• pp.2427-2444
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• 2021

The lack of plant-side energy storage analysis to support nuclear power plants (NPP), has setup this research endeavor to understand the characteristics and role of specific storage technologies and the integration to an NPP. The paper provides a qualitative review of a wide range of configurations for integrating the energy storage system (ESS) to an operating NPP with pressurized water reactor (PWR). The role of ESS technologies most suitable for large-scale storage are evaluated, including thermal energy storage, compressed gas energy storage, and liquid air energy storage. The methods of integration to the NPP steam cycle are introduced and categorized as electrical, mechanical, and thermal, with a review on developments in the integration of ESS with an operating PWR. By adopting simplified off-design modeling for the steam turbines and heat exchangers, the results show the performance of the PWR steam cycle changes with respect to steam bypass rate for thermal and mechanical storage integration options. Analysis of the integrated system characteristics of proposed concepts for three different ESS suggests that certain storage technologies could support steady operation of an NPP. After having reviewed what have been accomplished through the years, the research team presents a list of possible future works.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.246-254
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• 2021

Environmental stresses are estimated to have reduced global crop yields of wheat by 5.5%. However, traditional approaches for the transfer of resistance to these stresses in wheat plants have yielded limited results. In this regard, genetic transformation has undoubtedly opened up new avenues to overcome crop losses due to various abiotic stresses. Particle bombardment has been successfully employed for obtaining transgenic wheat. However, most of these procedures employ immature embryos, which are not available throughout the year. Therefore, the present investigation utilized mature seeds as the starting material and used the calli raised from three Moroccan durum wheat varieties as the target tissue for genetic transformation by the biolistic approach. The pANIC-5E plasmid containing the SINA gene for drought and salinity tolerance was used for genetic transformation. To enhance the regeneration capacity and transformation efficiency of the tested genotypes, the study compared the effect of copper supplementation in the induction medium (up to 5 μM) with the standard MS medium. The results show that the genotypes displayed different sensitivities to CuSO₄, indicating that the transformation efficiency was highly genotype-dependent. The integration of transgenes in the T₀ transformants was demonstrated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of the obtained resistant plantlets with primers specific to the SINA gene. Among the three genotypes studied, 'Isly' showed the highest efficiency of 9.75%, followed by 'Amria' with 1.25% and 'Chaoui' with 1%.

• Journal of recreation and landscape
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.59-66
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• 2018

The purpose of the present study was to compare the long-term management objectives, policy objectives, implementation plans, and detailed plans of four provincial parks established in 2013 using various analysis frameworks. Through this, the study aimed to identify the characteristics of the management plan and extract the implementation plan important to each park by analyzing the priorities in the detailed plan. The long-term management objectives of most parks were to maintain recreational functions by utilizing all the resources of the park, rather than merely preserving the ecosystem. From an ecological perspective, information on major plants and legal protection species are included for most parks, and geological and topographic features considered a major resource. For sustainable forests, it is important to induce the dispersion of concentrated use space. Efficient management systems are distinctively differentiated among the parks. For regional revitalization, the management of programs to link provincial parks and their surrounding areas has become most important. From an ecological perspective, priorities differed for the parks according to their ecological characteristics. For sustainable forests, Moaksan Provincial Park prioritized the visitor reservation system related to the overall park, while the other three parks prioritized alleviating the concentrated use of specific areas. From an efficient management perspective, Daedunsan Provincial Park prioritized aspects related to the cableway. Maisan Provincial Park prioritized inducing the linkage between the use of natural and cultural resources, and Seonunsan Provincial Park prioritized establishing an ecological and cultural commentary operating system. For the base-type leisure activity space, Moaksan Provincial Park prioritized the systematic management and operation of the pilgrimage route, Maisan Provincial Park the connection between the Maisan geography and residents' income, and Seonunsan Provincial Park providing a space for ecological education.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.583-590
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• 2018

Genus Typha L. (Typhaceae; Cattail in common) is one of the hydrophytic plants found in semi-aquatic regions. About nine to 18 species of the genus exist all over the world. In Korea, the most commonly found cattail species are T. laxmanni and T. angustifolia. The aim of this study was to prepare a cDNA library and sequences and analyze expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from these species, T. laxmanni and T. angustifolia. In the case of T. laxmanni, we observed that 715 out of 742 ESTs had high quality sequences, whereas the remaining 27 ESTs were low quality sequences. In this study, we identified 77 contigs, 393 unassembled clones and 65.7% singletons. Furthermore, in the case of T. angustifolia, we recorded 992 high quality EST sequences, and by excluding 28 low quality sequences from among them, we retrieved 120 contigs, 348 unassembled clones and 48.9% singletons. The basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) database results enabled us to identify the functional categories, i.e., molecular function (16.5%), biological process (22.2%) and cellular components (61.3%). In addition, between these two species, the no hits and anonymous genes were 4.2% and 11.7% and 6.2% and 11.2% in T. laxmanni and T. angustifolia, respectively, based on the BLAST results. The study concluded that they have certain species-specific genes. Hence, the results of this study on these two species could be a valuable resource for further studies.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.514-531
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• 2018

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV; Genus Orthotospovirus: Family Tospoviridae) is one of the most destructive viruses affecting a wide range of horticultural crops on a worldwide basis. In 2015 and 2016, 171 leaf and fruit samples from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants with viral symptoms were collected from the fields in various regions of Iran. ELISA test revealed that the samples were infected by TSWV. The results of RT-PCR showed that the expected DNA fragments of about 819 bp in length were amplified using a pair of universal primer corresponding to the RNA polymerase gene and DNA fragments of ca 777 bp and 724 bp in length were amplified using specific primers that have been designed based on the nucleocapsid (N) and non-structural (NSs) genes, respectively. The amplified fragments were cloned into pTG19-T and sequenced. Sequence comparisons with those available in the GenBank showed that the sequences belong to TSWV. The high nucleotide identity and similarities of new sequences based on the L, N, and NSs genes showed that minor evolutionary differences exist amongst the isolates. The phylogenetic tree grouped all isolates six clades based on N and NSs genes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Iranian isolates were composed a new distinct clade based on a part of polymerase, N and NSs genes. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed study on molecular characterization and genetic diversity of TSWV isolates from tomato in Iran that could be known as new clade of TSWV isolates.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.306-314
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• 2018

Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng) has long been cultivated as an important economic medicinal plant. Owing to the seasonal and long-term agricultural cultivation methods of Korean ginseng, they are always vulnerable to various environmental stress conditions. ABSCISIC ACID (ABA) is an essential plant hormone associated with seed development and diverse abiotic stress responses including drought, cold and salinity stress. By modulating ABA responses, plants can regulate their immune responses and growth patterns to increase their ability to tolerate stress. With recent advances in genome sequencing technology, we first reported the functional features of genes related to canonical ABA signaling pathway in P. ginseng genome. Based on the protein sequences and functional genomic analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana, the ABA related genes were successfully identified. Our functional genomic characterizations clearly showed that the ABA signaling related genes consisting the ABA receptor proteins (PgPYLs), kinase family (PgSnRKs) and transcription factors (PgABFs, PgABI3s and PgABI5s) were evolutionary conserved in the P. ginseng genome. We confirmed that overexpressing ABA related genes of P. ginseng completely restored the ABA responses and stress tolerance in ABA defective Arabidopsis mutants. Finally, tissue and age specific spatio-temporal expression patterns of the identified ABA-related genes in P. ginseng tissues were also classified using various available RNA sequencing data. This study provides ABA signal transduction related genes and their functional genomic information related to the growth and development of Korean ginseng. Additionally, the results of this study could be useful in the breeding or artificial selection of ginseng which is resistant to various stresses.