• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2019

Spatial modulation (SM) is the first proposed space modulation technique. By further utilizing the quadrature spatial dimension, quadrature spatial modulation (QSM) has been developed as an amendment to SM system to enhance the overall spectral efficiency. Both techniques are capable of entirely eliminating interchannel interference (ICI) at the receiver. In this paper, we propose a simple adaptive hybrid switching transmission scheme to obtain better system performance than SM and QSM systems under a fixed transmission date rate. The presented modulator selection criterion for switching between spatial modulator and quadrature spatial modulator is based on the larger received minimum distance of spatial modulator and quadrature spatial modulator to exploit the spatial channel freedom. It is shown through Monte Carlo simulations that the proposed hybrid SM and QSM switching system yields lower error performance than the conventional SM and QSM systems under the same fixed data rate and thus can provide signal to noise ratio (SNR) gain.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.837-847
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 지상파 디지털 방송의 대용량 전송을 위하여 SM(spatial modulation) 기반 다중 안테나 시스템의 성능을 분석한다. 지상파 디지털 방송에 다중 안테나 시스템을 적용하기 위해서는 심벌 간 간섭과 공간적 채널 상관도의 영향을 감소시키는 기법이 필요하다. SM 기법은 다중 송신 안테나 중 하나의 안테나를 선택하여 심벌 간 간섭의 영향을 줄이지만 공간적 채널 상관도의 영향은 해결하지 못한다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 STBC(space-time block code) 기법을 SM 기법과 결합한 STBC-SM(space-time block coded spatial modulation) 기법이 있다. 그러나 STBC-SM은 직교성을 유지하기 위해 시간에 대해 동일한 안테나 조합이 사용되어 정보량이 반으로 감소하는 단점이 있다. DSTTD-SM(double space-time transmit diversity with spatial modulation) 기법은 안테나 조합을 적용하면서 다중 안테나를 모두 사용한다. 이러한 SM 기반 다중 안테나 시스템을 지상파 디지털 방송 시스템에 적용하기 위해서는 지상파 방송과 유사한 채널 환경인 SUI 채널에 대한 분석이 필요하여 모의실험을 통해 성능을 분석한다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.606-611
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• 2016

This paper presents antenna selection schemes for recently proposed quadrature spatial modulation (QSM) systems. The antenna selection strategy is based on Euclidean distance optimized antenna selection (EDAS). The symbol error rate (SER) performance of these schemes is compared with that of the corresponding algorithm associated with spatial modulation (SM) systems. It is shown through simulations that QSM systems using EDAS offer significant improvement in terms of SER performance over SM systems with EDAS. Their SER performance gains are seen to be about 2 dB-4 dB in $E_s/N_0$ values.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.404-414
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• 2016

So called quaternary quasi-orthogonal sequence spatial modulation (Q-QOS-SM) has been presented with an advantage of improved throughputs compared to the conventional SM and generalized spatial modulation (GSM) by virtue of a larger set size of QOSs and its minimized correlation value between these QOSs. However the Q-QOS-SM has been originally invented for limited transmit antennas of only powers of two. In this paper, by extending the Q-QOS-SM to any number of transmit antennas, we propose a generalized Q-QOS-SM, referred as G-QO-SM. Unlike the conventional Q-QOS-SM using the Q-QOSs of length of any power of two, the proposed G-QO-SM is constructed based on the Q-QOSs of only the lengths of 2 and 4. The proposed scheme guarantees the transmission of the total $N_t$ spatial bits with $N_t$ transmit antennas, and thus achieves greatly higher throughputs than the other existing schemes including the SM, GSM, Q-QOS-SM, Quadrature-SM, and Enhanced-SM. The performance improvements of the proposed G-QO-SM is justified by comparing the analytically derived BER upper bounds and also the exact Monte Carlo simulation results.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.89-91
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• 2016

본 논문은 광 무선통신에서 Subcarrier Intensity Modulation(SIM)에 Spatial Modulation(SM)을 결합한 시스템의 전송률을 향상시키기 위해 고차 변조방식을 적용하는 방법을 제안한다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.514-524
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• 2017

In this paper, we propose a spatial modulation (SM) scheme referred to as complex quadrature SM (CQSM). In contrast to quadrature SM (QSM), CQSM transmits two complex signal constellation symbols on the real and quadrature spatial dimensions at each channel use, increasing the spectral efficiency. To achieve that, signal symbols transmitted at any given time instant are drawn from two different modulation sets. The first modulation set is any of the conventional QAM/PSK alphabets, while the second is a rotated version of it. The optimal rotation angle is obtained through simulations for several modulation schemes and analytically proven for the case of QPSK, where both results coincide. Simulation results showed that CQSM outperformed QSM and generalized SM by approximately 5 dB and 4.5 dB, respectively, for the same transmission rate. Its performance was similar to that of QSM; however, it achieved higher transmission rates. It was additionally shown numerically and analytically that CQSM outperformed QSM for a relatively large number of transmit antennas.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2015

In this study, we consider visible light communication in an indoor line-of-sight environment. It has been proved that among the multiple input multiple output (MIMO) techniques, spatial modulation (SM) performs better than repetition coding (RC) and spatial multiplexing (SMP). On the basis of a combination of SM and pulse amplitude modulation (PAM), here, we propose an enhanced SM algorithm to improve the bit error rate. Traditional SM activates only one light-emitting diode (LED) at one time, and the proposed enhanced SM activates two LEDs at one time and reduces the intensity levels of PAM by half. Under the condition of a highly correlated channel, power imbalance is used to improve the algorithm performance. The comparison between the two schemes is implemented at the same signal-to-noise ratio. The simulation results illustrate that the enhanced SM outperforms the traditional SM in both highly correlated and lowly correlated channels. Furthermore, the proposed enhanced SM scheme can increase the transmission rate in most cases.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제38A권12호
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• pp.1086-1093
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• 2013

In this paper, we propose a novel modulation that combines the spatial modulation (SM) with the subcarrier intensity-modulation (SIM) for optical wireless communications. The performance of SIM-SM scheme is compared to a conventional SIM by computer simulation. For the spectral efficiency (SE) of 2bits/s/Hz, the performance gain about 2dB is achieved. As the SE increases to 3bit or 4bits/s/Hz, the Eb/N0 gain becomes about 5dB. It is shown the attenuation for the SIM is more serious than the SIM-SM according to increasing the number of the subcarriers.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.637-645
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• 2015

Recently, a spatial modulation (SM) scheme achieving high throughput based on quaternary quasi-orthogonal sequences (Q-QOSs), referred to as Q-QOS-SM, is presented for $N_t=2^n(n=1,2,{\cdots})$ transmit antennas. In this paper, based on the design approach of the conventional Q-QOS-SM, new improved QO-SM (I-QO-SM) schemes are proposed for 8 transmit antennas. The new schemes employ Q-QOSs of length 4 or 2 unlike of 8 in the original one, which guarantees more information bits to be allocated for antenna index parts compared to the conventional Q-QOS-SM. By computer simulation results, the proposed scheme are shown to enjoy much higher throughputs compared to the conventional other SM schemes for all simulation environments. Finally, we also examine and compare analytically the performances of the new and conventional SM schemes by calculating upper-bounds on BER performance.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제39A권7호
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• pp.424-430
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 다중사용자 (Multiuser, MU)환경의 상향링크 공간변조 (Spatial Modulation, SM)시스템(MU-SM)에서 병렬직교매칭퍼슛 (Parallel OMP, POMP)검출 기법을 적용하여 신호 복원 성능을 개선하는 기법을 제안하고 그 성능분석을 한다. MU-SM시스템의 전송신호는 사용자당 $N_t$개의 안테나중 1개의 안테나만을 사용하여 변조심벌을 전송하는 특성이 있으므로 수신단에서 신호복원 시 이러한 특성을 고려한다. MU-OMP기법은 첫번째 반복과정을 수행 후 두 번째 이후의 인덱스를 찾을 때는 이전의 인덱스에 해당하는 안테나를 가진 사용자의 모든 안테나 인덱스를 제외하고 다음 인덱스를 찾는다. 이것은 한명의 사용자 안테나들 중 2개 이상의 인덱스가 선택되는 것을 방지하여 오류 확률을 줄일 수 있다. 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안한 MU-OMP와 MU-POMP 검출 기법이 기존의 압축센싱기반의 신호복원기술보다 성능이 월등함을 확인하였다.