• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.218-230
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• 2010

This study was conducted to determine the effect of the noise level on the boarding environment in a stern trawl ship, KAYA(GT: 1,737 tons, Pukyong National University). We measured the noise level at a working, an accommodation and a teaching area, and an engine space on January 9, 2010 while the KAYA was sailing on a liner sea route. At the working area, the ranges of the noise rating number(NRN) and the NRN determination frequency(FNRN) were from 44 to 73 and from 1000 to 2000Hz, respectively. The results were generally satisfied the criteria of the International Maritime Organization(IMO). The noise level at the area, except the radio room(w2), was exceeded the criteria(50dB(A)) for the efficient studying and working. The noise level at the engine control room and the machine workshop was respectively exceeded 1.2dB and 9.5dB than the criteria caused the conversation disturbance (70dB(A)). At the accommodation, NRN and FNRN were from 49 to 54 and from 1000 to 4000Hz, respectively. The noise level was below the criteria of IMO, but above 40dB(A) caused the sleep disturbance. At the teaching area, NRN and FNRN were from 44 to 63 and from 500 to 2000Hz, respectively. The noise level was exceeded than the criteria(50dB(A)) for the efficient studying. At the engine space, NRN and FNRN were from 95 to 100 and from 2000 to 4000Hz, respectively. The noise level was above the criteria of IMO(90dB(A)) for the residence, while it was not exceeded 110dB(A) for the transient.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.63.1-63.1
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• 2013

To improve the forecast capability of geomagnetic storms, we consider the real time solar and near Earth conditions together, since the characteristics of CMEs can be modified during their transit from the Sun to the Earth, and the geomagnetic storms may be directly affected by not only solar events but also near Earth interplanetary conditions. Using 55 CME-Dst pairs associated with M- and X-class solar flares, which have clearly identifiable source regions during 1997 to 2003, we confirm that the peak values of negative magnetic field Bz and duskward electric field Ey prior to Dst minimum are strongly related with Dst index. We suggest the solar wind criteria (Bz<-5 nT or Ey>3 mV/m for t>2 hr) for moderate storm less than -50 nT by modifying the criteria for intense storms less than -100 nT proposed by Gonzalez and Tsurutani (GT, 1987). As the results, 90% (28/31) of the storms are correctly forecasted by our criteria. For 15 exceptional events that are incorrectly forecasted by only CME parameters, 12 cases (80%) can be properly forecasted by solar wind criteria. When we applying CME and solar wind conditions together, all geomagnetic storms (Dst<-50 nT) are correctly forecasted. Our results show that, the storm forecast capability of the 2~3 days advanced warning based on CME parameters can be improved by combining with the urgent warning based on the near Earth solar wind condition.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.103-109
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• 2004

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.205-214
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• 1996

As flexible Bayesian test criteria for nested point null hypotheses of multiple regression coefficients, partial and overall Bayes factors are introduced under a class of intuitively meaningful prior. The criteria lead to a simple method for considering different prior beliefs on the subspaces that constitute a partition of the coefficient parameter space. A couple of tests are suggested based on the criteria. It is shown that they enable us to obtain pairwise comparisons of hypotheses of the partitioned subspaces. Through a Monte Carlo simulation, performance of the tests based on the criteria are compared with the usual Bayesian test (based on Bayes factor)in terms of their respective powers.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.43-53
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• 2008

The rock mass classification systems used in Korea are not standardized. And also the criteria values differ between agencies. So different opinions for rock mass classification can occur among engineers who participate in each design process. In this research, a new rock mass classification system was suggested to correct these problems. For this purpose, the criteria used in the Korean agencies were compared with the criteria used in foreign agencies and standard criteria were selected. Thereafter rational and objective criteria values were suggested quantitatively for the new classification system.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.18-27
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• 2017

As building space constitution and layout are critical for satisfying the building owner and users, their optimization is so important in the design process. However it's not always simple to set up objective criteria for the space layout optimization for different requirements and the architects mostly depend on their own experience for these. This study is to suggest a way to make up for this issue by referencing and deducing the space layout based on the given BIM space information and existing knowledge. For this purpose, the Space Syntax is applied to extract the information from a space model and an Expert System is used to make the best use of the relevant knowledge. Based on the Integration indexes for all the spaces, we could compare the space layout alternatives and determine the best selection for different accessibility conditions.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.86-94
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the importance of eco-friendly design elements related to residential space by residents and what element they prefer. To achieve this, 18 eco-friendly design elements related to residential space were selected from the Green Building Certification Criteria and the relevant research papers. These elements were categorized into four areas; the ecological environment area (4 elements), the indoor environmental climate one (4 elements), the energy and resource saving one (6 ones), and the material one(4 ones). On the base of these 18 elements, the importance degree of each element was examined by using 5-point Likert scale. The subjects were 299 housewives living in apartment houses in Jangyu new town, Gimhae. The subjects perceived strongly the importance of eco-friendly design elements, but many of them did not know about Green Building Certification Criteria. Overall importance of 18 elements by the residents was very high. Also, the indoor environmental climate area was considered as the most important one, followed by the energy and resource saving area, the material area, and the ecological environment one.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze visual environmental elements of game space by play-event in adventure games. We extracted common six types of play-event through exploring ten representative adventure games and organized three types of space structure and four types of object as the criteria of analysis. Based on the criteria, we embodied the characteristics of visual environmental elements by performing direct playing and monitoring. As a result, we verified that the story intended and the gameplay induced by the play-event are closely related to visual environmental elements.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.228-239
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• 2012

This study aims to propose the improvement direction of spatial organization of orphanage facilities by reflecting the international trend of child welfare facilities including 'enhancement of habitability', 'opening to the local community' and 'multi-functionality' on the basis of ideas of 'right of housing' and 'normalization'. Orphanage facilities are evolving from 'facilities' to accommodate unfortunate children to the concept of the 'community-care', and the residential space is also rapidly shifting to 'cottage' type resembling a residential type of ordinary family so as to enhance the self-esteem and relationship. To suggest the future-oriented changeability of current orphanage facilities, the present study conducted a nationwide survey of child welfare facilities and four Visiting researches of cottage type orphanage with different locations to investigate the appropriateness of housing type, organization of common use space, mode of management and facilities criteria. The results of this study are following: 1) For enhancement of habitability it is suggested that cottage type with various plans in the form of ordinary housing is appropriate, that the number of children per cottage is six or so, and that the number of less than two or three children per room is recommended. At the same time the adjustment of facilities criteria, simplified or complex, is suggested to support a similar residence pattern to ordinary home. 2) Specialized programs must be introduced to establish a base of welfare-network for community children according to features of location and a complex management must be sought in the connection with neighboring public facilities. 3) To secure the residential environment and quality of life for children, the concept of a simple playground space by the current facilities criteria must be broken away to reinforce the network of various outdoor spaces closely connected with living space.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.27-36
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• 2014

The revision of regulations for apartment unit design, which are concerning the area calculating criteria (revised in 1998) and use of balcony (revised in 2005), considerably have increased livable space of apartment unit. This paper aims to verify its effect to apartment unit plan in the aspect of number of rooms and size of each room. For this purpose, 60 and 85 $m^2$ sized apartment unit plans in Seoul Gangnam district have been analysed by construction period, and a conclusion is drawn out as following; (1) The revison of regulations in 1998 and 2005 increased livable space of 60 and 85 $m^2$ sized apartment about 16.4~20.6 $m^2$ area. (2) Bedrooms, living room, dining room and kitchen have no change in size in nominal sense, actually, they increase their size after the fact by converting balcony to livable space. (3) Bathroom, dress room and entrance space have been considerably increased in size, which is possible for available area added in place of wall footprint according to 1998 revision.