• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.71-75
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• 2008

Many sensor operating systems have memory limitation constraint; therefore, stack memory areas of threads resides in a single memory space. Because most target platforms do not have hardware MMY (Memory Management Unit), it is difficult to protect each stack area. The method to solve this problem is to exchange original stack handling instructions in binary code for wrapper routines to protect stack area. In this exchanging phase, instruction corruption problem occurs due to difference of each instruction length between stack handling instructions and branch instructions. In this paper, we propose the algorithm to call a target routine without instruction corruption problem. This algorithm can reach a target routine by repeating branch instructions to have a short range. Our solution makes it easy to apply security patch and maintain upgrade of software of sensor node.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.532-536
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• 2008

In this paper, we propose the method to measure tensions of character motions, using LMA (Laban Movement Analysis). Using tension values, we tan take advantage of them as a standard for synchronization of motion and BGM(Back Ground Music). In LMA, a motion is divided into 4 space-time factors which are called Efforts, and each Effort has two bases opposed to each other. We can analyze the motion by justifying which basis is stronger than the other in each Effort of motion. To measure quantitatively tension values, we propose some equations based on kinematics and dynamics. Then we can measure the tension value by the weighted sum of values calculated from those equations. Each weight can be determined by the optimization process which tries to minimize the difference between the calculated tension value and human's decision. The experimental result shows that the in creasing order of the motion tension value is similar to that of the tension score given by human.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.265-273
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• 2000

In relational database management systems(RDBMS), a table consIn relational database management systems(RDBMS), a table consists of sets of records which are composed of a set of attributes. The number of distinct values(NDV) of an attribute denotes the number of distinct attribute values that actually appear in the database records, and is widely used in optimizing queries and supporting statistic queries. Object-relational database management systems(ORBBMSS), however, support the inheritance between tables which enforces an attribute defined in a super-table to be inherited in sub-tables automatically. Hence, in ORDBMSS, not only NDV of an attribute In a single table but also NDV of an attribute in multiple tables(HNDV) is needed. In this paper, we propose a method that calculates HNDV using arrays of attribute value intervals. In this method, an array of attribute value intervals is created for an attribute of interest In each table in a table hierarchy, and HNDV can be calculated or estimated by merging the arrays of attribute value intervals. The proposed method accurately calculates HNDV using small additional storage space and is efficient for an environment where only some of the tables in a table hierarchy are frequently updated.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.299-303
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• 2009

Patent information search is used for checking existence of earlier works. In patent information search, there are many reasons that fails to get appropriate information. This research proposes a method extracting alternative word candidates in order to minimize search failure due to keyword mismatch. Assuming that two words have similar meaning if they have similar co-occurrence words, the proposed method uses the concept of concentration, association word set, cosine similarity between association word sets and a ranking modification technique. Performance of the proposed method is evaluated using a manually extracted alternative word candidate list. Evaluation results show that the proposed method outperforms the document vector space model in recall.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.58-74
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• 2018

This study aims to propose baseline data for designing restoration of Gaobyulup, researching space formation and characteristics of gardens of Gaobyulup, which located in the foot of Cheonmasan Mountain in Namyangju. Gaobyulup is a remain in retirement of Gyulsan Yu-Won Lee, a representative politician, administrator, and tea drinker in late Joseon Dynasty. The results of the research about the shape of Gaobyulup deducted through reference review, poetry and prose analysis, an on-the-spot survey and residents' interview are below: Lee, who used pseudonym as 'Gyulsan,' which menas Jongnamsan Mountain, yearned Mangcheonbyeoreop(輞川別業) by Yu Wang and retirement with a country house operation by Seogye Sedang Park. In the persuit of this ideal, he created and operated a country house in Gaogok of Yangju, which a family burial ground was located. Gaobyulup, which located in Gaogok in the lower part of Cheonmasan Mountain, was largely composed outer and inner gardens, and the area of house operation was started from a stone post of Gaobokji The inner garden of Gaobyulup was including major garden components like buildings, such as Sasihyanggwan, Obaekganjung, Imharyoe and Toesadam, and Chaewon near Haengrangchae, and Gwawon in an backyard. In addition, Younggwijung pavilion, which located 850m away from Gaobyulup, was the another country house inside the Byulup, thus Gaobyulup shows a duplex space formation. In the inner garden of Gaobyulup, there are Sasihyanggwan, which had functions of Sarangchae as library and depository of old paintings and calligraphic works, and Obaekganjung, a small Sarangchae which connected with Sasihyanggwan in the form of a transept. Yusanggoksuger located near Obaekganjung. Additionally, Imharyeo, a library with a tablet of Byeokryowon(??園), which located in the highest point in Byulup, has the functions of a reading room and a tea house. Many Taihu stones were located not only in Toesadam, a square-formed pond with lotus but also many places in the inner gardens. And rare garden plants were planted. These were closely related to the trend of horticulture for pleasure, wealth, and collecting old paintings and calligraphic works for pleasure of Lee. Meanwhile, the area of Younggwijung pavilion, located in Gaocheon stream fall from Byulup to Manhoiam, looks like Wooampok, a enjoying place of other personages, who use their pseudonym as "Oksan" or "Wooam" Lee identifies Wooampok as "Jesampok" and carved 'Gyulsan' s he declared this place is his operating area. Lee built Younggwijung pavilion and planted many peach trees for recreation of utopia. The stone letters of Byukpadongcheon, located in front of a bridge in the foreside of Younggwijung pavilion, seems another enchanted land created in Gaobokji inside. Lee carved Jeilsan in huge rock on the falls rear Manhoiam temple, which Lee did great role of foundation of the temple, so he identifies that this place was the end of the outer garden of Gaobyulup. This study tries to estimate traces of the country house in Gaogok through reference review and on-th-spot survey, and the results from this study are presumed based on site remains only conformed today. It needs to discover second scenary or stone carved letters between Jeilsan and Jesampok. Additionally, exact formation characteristics of Gaobyulup should be identified through excavation survey later. To do so, an interest and a major role of Namyangju-si must be equipped for future restoration of Gaobyulup.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.160-189
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• 2010

This study has been designed to grasp the present situation, shapes and meaning of the standing stones and rock pillars in the whole area of Noseong Mountain Fortress in Nonsan City which have never been academically reported yet. Accordingly, the research was carried out to grasp the spatial identity of Noseong Mt. and Noseong Mountain Fortress and the dispersion of standing stones scattered around inside and outside Noseong Mountain Fortress, while the shapes and structural characteristics of stones were investigated and analyzed focusing on Chongsuk Temple, which was considered to have the highest density of standing stones and greatest values for preservation as a cultural property. In consideration of the reference to the 'Top Sa' (tower temple) at the 'Bul Woo Jo' (Article about Buddhism Houses) of 'Shinjoong Dongguk Yeoji Seungram', theoretical existence of the temple according to surveying investigation, and the excavation records of roof tile pieces with the name of 'Gwan Eum Temple', it is presumed that there had been a Buddhist sanctum inside the fortress and it could be connected to the carved letters, 'Chongsuk Temple'. According the observation survey, the 6th place of standing stones among many other places inside the fortress shows that Chongsuk Temple appears to have the strong characteristics of artificially constructed space in consideration of the size of trees and stones, the composite trend of tree and stone composition, and trace of the adjacent well and strand and the construction of stairway leading to the stone gate. Along with the constellation of the Big Dipper carved on a rock at the same space, the stones, on which the letters of 'Shinseonam', 'Chilseongam' and 'Daejangam' were carved, including 'Chongsuksa', and the carved statue of Buddha, which was assumed to be Avalokitesvara Guan Yin, have offered clue which make it possible to infer that the space was a space for Chilseong and Mountain god(Folk Belief) that had originated from the combination of Buddhism, Taoism and folk religion. According to the actual measurement of standing stones at Chonsuk Temple, it was identified that there were big differences in height among 24 stones in total, ranging from 402~29cm and the averaged distance between each stone appeared to be 23.6cm. And the shape of stones appeared to be standing or flat, and various stones such as mountain-like stones and Buddha-like stones were placed in a special arrangement or assorted arrangement, but the direction of the stones had a consistency pointing to the west. And comparing to the trace of construction of ZEN Landscape Garden well known in the country, the three flat stones except for the standing and shaped stones appeared to have the shape of meditation statue, which is the typical formational factors of a ZEN Landscape Garden, on the basis of formational technique of stones. Among them, the flat stone facing the Buddhist saint statue, was formed by way of symbolization of three-mountain stone, which was assumed to be an offering stone for sacrificial food rather than carrying out ZEN Meditation. In consideration of the formation of standing stones at Chong-suk Temple, which was carried out in the composite stoning method based using the scalene triangle with ratio of 3:5:7 in order to seek the in-depth beauty based on the stone statues of three Buddhas where the three factors such as heaven, earth and humans are embodied in the elevated or flat formation, the stones at Chongsuk Temple and the space seemed to the trace of contracted garden construction that was formed with stones for a temple, so that could be used for ZEN meditation.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.498-509
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• 2001

Collaborative systems allow users, who may be far removed from each other geographically, to do collaborative work such as 3D animation, computer game, and industrial design in a single virtual space. This paper describes our experience to develop a collaborative system framework that aims at expanding the some functions of a stand-alone visual modeling tool, called 3D Studio Max, into those of the distributed collaborative working environments. The paper mainly deals with design and implementation of a 3D shared-object Plug-In with respect to the 3D Studio Max Plug-In Software Development Kit in the distributed collaborative system developed by the authors. There are two major functions of the proposed scheme; one is to write 3D object-information to the shared memory after extracting it from the 3D Studio Max, the other is to create 3D objects after retrieving them from the shared memory. Also, the proposed scheme provides a simple way of storing 3D objects that have variable size, by means of shared memory which located in between the collaborative system clients and 3D studio Max. One of the remarkable virtures of the Plug-In is to reduce a considerable amount of shared object data which in consequence can mitigate the network overhead. This can be achieved by the fact that the system is able to extract a minimum amount of 3D objects that are required to transmit. Also, using the proposed scheme, user can facilitate 3D Studio Max into distributed collaborative working environments. This, in consequence give many benefits such as saving time as well as eliminating space constraints in the course of 3D modeling when we are under industrial design process.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.146-157
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• 2003

Our experience with Internet-based scientific collaboratories indicates that they need to be user-extensible, allow users to add tools and objects dynamically to workspaces, per mit users to move work dynamically between private and shared workspaces, and be easily accessible on the Internet. We present the software architecture of a development environment, called Collaboratory Builder's Environment(CBE), for building collaboratories to meet such needs. CBE provides user extensibility by allowing a collaboratory to be constructed as a collection of collaborative applets. To support dynamic reconfiguration of shared workspaces, CBE uses the metaphor of room that can contain applets, users, and arbitrary data objects. Rooms can be used not only for synchronous collaboration but also for asynchronous collaboration by supporting persistence. For the access over the Internet room participants are given different roles with appropriate access rights. A prototype of the model has been implemented in Java and can be run from a Java-enabled Web browser. The implemented system had been used by 95 users including 79 space scientists around the world in a scientific campaign that ran for 4 days. The usage evaluation of the campaign is also presented.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.42
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• pp.241-262
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• 2016

British TV Channel 4 is one of the famous TV Channel in the world. Its station ID has also played a leading role in the developments of Motion Graphics including station IDs. This station ID's main visual design concept is its name and an iconic logo '4' at the same time. The first channel 4 station ID was designed by using modular typography to construct the iconic '4'. Modular typography is a technique of creating letters with similar elements. Channel 4's station ID was constructed from coloured polygons. The polygons split and converge at the same point in 3D space. Modularity in Channel 4's station ID is evidenced by the similar units of polygons. After the first station ID, Channel 4 was re-branded. Eventhough the station IDs which followed did not use coloured and geometrical polygons, modularity is seen in most of the station IDs especially between 2004 - 2011. In these station IDs, the iconic '4' is formed from similar natural and environmental objects like rocks, buildings, lights etc. In this analysis paper, there is a visual narrative on the history of Channel 4, the concept of modular typography in the original station ID and the application of modular typography in other Channel 4's station IDs.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.514-528
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• 2004

An emotion-based video scene retrieval algorithm is proposed in this paper. First, abrupt/gradual shot boundaries are detected in the video clip representing a specific story Then, five video features such as 'average color histogram' 'average brightness', 'average edge histogram', 'average shot duration', and 'gradual change rate' are extracted from each of the videos and mapping between these features and the emotional space that user has in mind is achieved by an interactive genetic algorithm. Once the proposed algorithm has selected videos that contain the corresponding emotion from initial population of videos, feature vectors from the selected videos are regarded as chromosomes and a genetic crossover is applied over them. Next, new chromosomes after crossover and feature vectors in the database videos are compared based on the similarity function to obtain the most similar videos as solutions of the next generation. By iterating above procedures, new population of videos that user has in mind are retrieved. In order to show the validity of the proposed method, six example categories such as 'action', 'excitement', 'suspense', 'quietness', 'relaxation', 'happiness' are used as emotions for experiments. Over 300 commercial videos, retrieval results show 70% effectiveness in average.