• 제목/요약/키워드: soybean processing

검색결과 273건 처리시간 0.026초

조리방법에 따른 콩의 무기질 함량 (Mineral Contents in Soybeans with Different Cooking Methods)

  • 김소영;황진봉;박지수;최용민;남진식;이종헌;서동원
    • 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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    • 제28권4호
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    • pp.525-535
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    • 2017
  • The purpose of this study was to compare the of ash and minerals contents in different types of soybeans (Baektae, Seoritae, Heuk Tae and Seomoktae) with different cooking methods. Raw, boiled and pan-fried soybean samples were prepared by the Rural Development Administration. Samples were digested by using a microwave and analyzed using ICP-OES and ICP-MS for determining the ash and minerals contents. Ash content in four raw soybeans ranged from 5.07 to 5.59 g/100g. There was no significant difference in the ash contents in raw and pan-fried soybeans (p>0.05). However, the ash content of boiled soybeans was 9 to 14% lower than that of raw soybeans (p<0.05). The minerals contents of Baektae and Seomoktae were high and the major minerals of various soybeans were K, P, Mg, and Ca, which accounted for ash 60.80-65.61%, 20.73-24.26%, 6.90-8.46% and 5.79-8.60%, respectively. The mineral contents of soybeans were significantly different depending on the type of cultivar (p<0.05), but the tendency was not constant. Because the process of soaking and boiling of soybeans made the soluble minerals elute, the ash and mineral contents were reduced. And process of pan-frying of soybeans make Because process of soaking and boiling of soybeans make soluble minerals elute (Ed- this section is very confused and seems to have 2 sentences combined: please check your intended meaning), the ash and mineral contents were reduced. As the soybeans are cooked by pan-frying, the water in the soybeans is evaporated and the mineral content is concentrated or kept constant. These results can serve as the basic data of mineral content during processing and cooking of soybeans.

수식 어류껍질 젤라틴 유화물에 의한 적색육어류 연제품의 품질개선 (Quality improvement of surimi gel from fish with a red muscle by emulsion curd containing a modified fish skin gelatin)

  • 김진수
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • 제39권5호
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    • pp.361-367
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    • 1996
  • 어류껍질 및 적색육어류의 효율적 이용을 위한 일련의 연구로서 succinylation 처리한 붕장어껍질 젤라틴으로부터 유화성 및 유화안정성이 있는 유화물의 제조조건을 살펴보았고, 아울러 유화물의 첨가에 의한 적색육어류 연제품의 품질개선을 시도하였다. 유화물의 안정성은 20% 수식 젤라틴용액을 예비교반(5,000 rpm, 1분)하고 이어서 교반(15,000 rpm, 5분)하는 동안 젤라틴에 대하여 15배의 대두유를 서서히 첨가하는 것이 가장 좋았고, 이때 정치, 진동 및 저온저장에 의한 안정성은 각각 95%, 90% 및 95%이었다. 수식 붕장어껍질 젤라틴을 유화제로 한 유화물의 수분, 단백질, 지방 및 회분함량은 각각 18%, 5%, 76% 및 0.5%이었고 관능적 색조는 백색을 나타내었으며, 과산화물값 및 지방산조성은 대두유와 유사하였다. 고등어 고기풀에 대하여 6%에 해당하는 유화물의 첨가에 의해 제조된 적색육어류 연제품은 유화물 무첨가 제품에 비하여 과산화물값, 갈변도 등과 같은 유지특가는 차이가 없었으며, 색조, 젤리강도 및 관능적 조직감은 개선되었으며, 휘발성염기질소, 생균수 및 히스타민함량 등은 상당히 낮았다.

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Effects of Expander Operating Conditions on Nutrient Digestibility in Finishing Pigs

  • S.L., Traylor;K.C., Behnke;J.D., Hancock;R.H., Hines;S.L., Johnston;B.J., Chae;In K., Han
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제12권3호
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    • pp.400-410
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    • 1999
  • Five experiments were conducted using finishing pigs (PIC L326 sires $\times$ C15 dams) to examine the effects of expander operating conditions on nutrient digestibility in finishing pigs. The effects of different expanding conditions (0, 11.7, 24.4, $32.5kg/cm^2$) for corn-SBM based diets (Exp. 1), wheat meddlings diet (Exp. 2), sorghum-SBM based diets (Exp. 3) and wheat-SBM based diet (Exp. 4). Exp. 5 was conducted as a $2{\times}4$ factorial arrangement and factors examined were 2 soy products (raw soybean and SBM) and 4 expanding conditions (0, 14.1, 28.1, $42.2kg/cm^2$). In experiment 1, total production rates (p>0.10) were similar among treatments. The amount of fines decreased (cubic effect, p<0.001) as cone pressure was increased from 0 to $11.7kg/cm^2$, with smaller differences as cone pressure was further increased to $35.2kg/cm^2$. Nutrient digestibilities increased (p<0.02) as the feed was subjected to higher cone pressures. Digestibilities of DM, N, and GE were maximized at $24.4kg/cm^2$ cone pressure. The DE of the diet expanded at 24.4 and $35.2kg/cm^2$ increased by 172 and 109 kcal/kg, respectively, compared to the diet processed at $0kg/cm^2$ cone pressure. In experiment 2, total production and screened pellets production rates were similar among the processing treatments (p>0.21). The amount of fines decreased (quadratic effect, p<0.03) by 9 kg/h as cone pressure was increased from 0 to $11.7kg/cm^2$. Digestibilities of DM (p<0.02), N (p<0.001), and GE (p<0.002) were increased as cone pressure was increased from 0 to $35.2kg/cm^2$. DM, N, and GE digestibility in the pigs fed the midds-based diet increased by 8, 13, and 10%, respectively, at the highest processing cone pressure compared to the diets without any cone pressure. In experiment 3, the conditioned mash moistures for the treatments were numerically similar around 15% moisture. As the expander cone pressure was increased from 0 to $11.7kg/cm^2$, energy consumption for the pellet mill decreased (quadratic effect, p<0.004) from 14.1 to 12.0 kWh/t. Dry matter and gross energy digestibility increased (cubic effects, p<0.006) as cone pressure was increased from 0 to $35.2kg/cm^2$ with the largest improvement occurring as cone pressure was increased from 0 to $11.7kg/cm^2$. Nitrogen digestibility increased (cubic effect, p<0.001) from 78.3 to 81.0% as the feed was subjected to the higher cone pressures, with N digestibility being maximized at $24.4kg/cm^2$ cone pressure. The DE of the diet increased (cubic effect, p<0.001) by 225 kcal/kg as cone pressure was increased from 0 to $11.7kg/cm^2$. In experiment 4, pellet moisture decreased and moisture loss increased as cone pressure was increased from 0 to $35.2kg/cm^2$. Also, starch gelatinization of the wheat-based diets increased from 16.8 to 49.1% as the diets were processed at 0 and $35.2kg/cm^2$ cone pressure. Nutrient digestibilities were not affected (p>0.18) by any increase in cone pressure. In experiment 5, pellet moisture decreased as cone pressure was increased 0 to $35.2kg/cm^2$. The amount of moisture loss for the diets expanded at $42.2kg/cm^2$ was 3.0 and 3.8% for the SBM and raw soybean (RB) diets, respectively. Starch gelatinization for the SBM diets were 19% greater than the RB diets. The RB diets had lower DM, N and GE digestibilities as compared to the SBM diets. The DE of the RB diets were lower (p<0.02) than the SBM diets. DM (p<0.06), N (p<0.02), and GE (p<0.001) digestibilities of the dietary treatments increased as cone pressure was increased 0 to $42.2kg/cm^2$.

수산가공공장폐액의 등절점이동 응집처리에 의한 유용성불재회수이용 -3. 회수지방의 가공식품소재로서의 이용- (Recovery and Utilization of Proteins and Lipids from the Washing Wastewater in Marine Manufacture by Isoelectric Point Shifting Precipitation Method -3. Utilization of the Recovered Lipids as the Material for a Processed Food-)

  • 서재수;조순영;손광태;이응호
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제28권2호
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    • pp.157-162
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    • 1995
  • 냉동고기풀 제조공정중 나오는 수세폐액내 잔존지방을 등전점이동응집처리법으로 효율적으로 회수한 뒤, 적절히 정제하여 식품가공소재로서의 이용가능성 타진을 시도하였다. 1. 등전점이동응집처리에 의한 수세폐액내 지방의 회수율은 처리 원료 육내 지방함량 기준으로 $33.6\%$정도이었고, 회수과정중에 다소 지방산화가 진행되었으나 이후의 정제 공정으로 그 산화생성물을 거의 제거할 수 있었다. 2. 회수 정제한 지방의 조성은 모노엔산 $34.0\%$, 폴리엔산 $32.4\%$ 및 포화산 $33.6\%$의 비율이었으며, 주요구성지방산은 $C_{16:0},\;C_{18:0},\;C_{16:1},\;C_{20:5}$$C_{22:6}$ 등이었다. 3. 마요네즈제조시 회수 정제한 기름을 주원료인 대두유에 대해 부분적으로 대체 첨가해 본 결과, 점도, 색조 및 유화안정성면에서 일부 미약하게 느껴지는 어취만 보완한다면 $30\%$까지 대체 첨가가 가능하리라 생각된다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 고등어육 고기풀제조시 필연적으로 나오는 수세액에 대해 등전점이동응집처리를 행하여 잔존유지를 회수하여 정제함으로써 마요네즈 제조용 원료유지의 대체원으로서 충분히 이용가능함을 알 수 있었다

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국산(國産) Retort Pouch의 식품포장적성(食品包裝適性)에 관한 조사 연구 (Studies on the Adaptability of Home Made Retort Pouch for Food Packaging)

  • 박무현;정동효;김준평;신동화
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제13권1호
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    • pp.15-21
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    • 1984
  • 국산 retort pouch의 실용 가능성을 확인하기 위하여 수입하여 사용되고 있는 외국제품과의 성능을 비교한 실험 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 가) 공전(空錢)상태에서의 물성강조 시험결과는 국산 제품(SM-4ply, SM-3ply)과 외국제품(JP-4ply JP-3ply)이 거의 동일한 강도를 유지하고 있었다. 나) Model식품을 이용한 pouch 물성(物性)강도의 경시적 변화결과도 외국제품에 비교하여 손색이 없었으며 laminate강도(적층박리강도)에서는 국산제품이 다소 우수한 결과를 보였다. 다) 실용제품(寶用製品)(retort curry and (packea rice)의 생산(生産)을 위한 실질적인 제조과정을 통하여 pouch의 내열성 및 내용식물의 보존성에 대하여 조사한 결과 국산제품과 외국제품간의 성능차이는 없었으며 이들 공시(供試) pouch는 $135^{\circ}C$ 가열살균에 견딜 수 있는 내열성과 상온유통과정에서 장기 보존이 가능함을 확인 할 수 있었다. 라) 국산 retort pouch의 위생적 안전성은 보사부 고시 제 30호(78년 7월 24일)의 시험방법에 의하여 시험한 결과 규정에 부합되고 있었다.

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축육(畜肉) 조직(組織)과 유사(類似)한 말쥐치 및 정어리의 조직(組織) 단백질(蛋白質) 농축물(濃縮物)의 가공(加工) 조건(條件)에 관한 연구(硏究) (Conditions for Processing of Meaty Textured Fish Protein Concentration from Filefish and Sardine)

  • 이응호;수디벼노;김세권
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제11권4호
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    • pp.232-241
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    • 1979
  • 연안 수산 자원의 효율적인 이용 방법을 개발할 목적으로 축육과 유사한 가공 적성을 가지는 새로운 형태의 어육 조직 단백질 농축물을 가공하기 위하여 백색 육어인 말쥐치와 적색 육어인 정어리를 원료로 하여 최적 가공 조건 및 제품의 품질에 관하여 실험하였다. 말쥐치 및 정어리로써 축육과 유사한 어육 조직 단백질 농축물을 가공하기 위한 최적 조건은 다음과 같다. 원료 어육의 pH는 7.5, 고기풀 제조시 소금의 첨가량은 어육 중량에 대하여 1.0%, 압출기로 압출한 고기풀의 냉 에틸알코올중의 침지 시간은 30분, 침지시의 에틸알코올량은 어육량에 대해 3배, 그때의 에틸알코올 온도는 5내지 $20^{\circ}C$가 적당하였다. 그리고 에틸알코올 중의 침지 회수는 말쥐치의 경우 2회 정어리는 4회가 적당하였고, 에틸알코올을 제거 하는데는 냉풍 건조가 효과적이었다. 원료 어육에 대한 제품의 수율은 말쥐치는 21.1 및 정어리는 24.3 %이었다. 제품의 단백질 함량은 말쥐치가 77.6, 정어리는 75.8 %였으며, 지방은 각각 0.2 및 3.6 %였다. 말쥐치 및 정어리 조직 단백질 농축물의 필수아미노산 함량은 쇠고기 및 대두 조직 단백질과 비교하였을 때 손색이 없었으며, 두 가지 제품으로써 미트볼 및 햄버거를 만들었을 때 모두 쇠고기와 값은 량의 중량비로 혼합하여 맛, 색 및 촉감에 손색없이 식품 소재로 이용할 수 있다는 결론을 얻었다.

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건조비지 첨가 두부의 영양적 품질평가 1. 단백질의 영양가 (Nutritional Evaluation of Tofu Containing Dried Soymilk Residue(DSR) 1. Evaluation of Protein Quality)

  • Kweon, Mi-Na;Ryu, Hong-Soo;Moon, Jeung-Hye
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제22권3호
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    • pp.255-261
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    • 1993
  • 두부 제조공정 중의 부산물인 비지의 효율적인 이용을 위하여, 원료 대두 중량의 10%에 해당하는 건조비지를 첨가시킨 두부를 제조하여 이의 영양적 품질을 검토하였다. 일반성분은 수분의 경우 건조비지 첨가 두부가 80.6%, 일반 두부가 77.5%로써 비지 첨가 두부가 다소 높았으며 단백질의 함량은 건조비지 첨가 두부와 일반 두부 각각 38.5%, 45.8%였으며, 지질의 함량은 각각 34.3%, 26.9%로써, 단백질과 지질 함량이 낮은 건조비지 첨가로 인해 일반 두부에 비해 건조비지 첨가두부가 낮은 함량을 보였다. Trypsin inhibitor (TI) 함량은 비지의 경우 잔존량이 6.9 (mg/g시료)정도였고, 건조비지의 경우에도 거의 비슷하였다. 건조비지 첨가두부에는 원료 대두에 있었던 TI의 12% 정도만 남아있었다. 단백질의 효소소화율 (enzyme digestibility)은 비지, 건조비지 각각 87%, 86% 정도로 높았고 건조비지 첨가 두부도 일반 두부와 거의 동일한 91% 정도였다. 효소소화율은 TI함량이 저하함에 따라 역상관관계를 가지면서 상승하였다. 구성 아미노산 조성은 일반 두부와 건조비지 첨가 두부는 거의 차이가 없었으며, 총아미노산에 대한 필수 아미노산의 비율은 일반 두부가 40.4%, 비지첨가 두부가 40.6%였으며, lysine 함량이 높은 건조비지로 인하여 건조비지 첨가 두부는 lysine의 보충 효과가 있었다. 단백품질을 Computed Protein Efficiency Ratio (C-PER)로 계산할 때 일반 두부는 1.95, 비지 첨가 두부는 1.4였으나 Discriminant Computed Protein Efficiency Ratio (DC-PER)로 계산할 때는 오히려 비지 첨가 두부경우가 높았다. 여러 연구자들의 대두가공품에 대한 생체실험 결과와 비교할 때 일반 두부를 제외하고는 두유, 비지 및 비지첨가두부의 영양평가는 DC-PER 방법이 유리한 것으로 생각되었다.

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Effects of Sodium Sulfite and Extrusion on the Nutritional Value of Soybean Products for Nursery Pigs

  • Burnham, L.L.;Kim, I.H.;Kang, J.O.;Rhee, H.W.;Hancock, J.D.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제13권11호
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    • pp.1584-1592
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    • 2000
  • Three hundred nursery pigs were used in two growth assays (avg initial BW of 6.5 and 6.0 kg, respectively) to determine the effects of sodium sulfite ($Na_2SO_3$) as an extrusion aid for soy products used in diets for weanling pigs. In Exp. 1, treatments were arranged as $3{\times}2$ factorial with main effects of soy product [soybean meal (SBM), extruded SBM, and dry-extruded whole soybeans (DEWS)] and concentration of $Na_2SO_3$ (0 and 10 g/kg of soy product). The extruded SBM and DEWS treatments were processed in a dry extruder ($Insta-Pro^{(R)} $, Triple F Nutrition, Des Moines, IA) with barrel temperatures and throughputs of $169^{\circ}C$ and 578 kg/h, and $147^{\circ}C$ and 598 kg/h, respectively. All diets were formulated to 3.5 Mcal/kg DE, with 0.92% lysine for d 0 to 14, and 0.76% lysine for d 14 to 28. For d 0 to 14, there was a tendency for pigs fed diets with $Na_2SO_3$ to have greater ADG (p<0.08), and pigs fed SBM to have greater ADFI (p<0.02), thus pigs fed the extruded soy products has 15% greater gain/feed than those fed SBM (p<0.007). For d 14 to 28, there were no differences in ADG or gain/feed among pigs fed diets with SBM and those fed diets with the extruded soy products (p>0.15). However, pigs fed DEWS had greater ADG than pigs fed extruded SBM, and pigs fed $Na_2SO_3$ had greater ADG and ADFI compared to those not fed $Na_2SO_3$ (p<0.02 and 0.08, respectively). The positive response in ADG and gain/feed to the addition of $Na_2SO_3$ resulted with SBM and extruded SBM treatments, and not with DEWS (interaction effect, p<0.04). Overall (d 0 to 28), pigs fed DEWS had greater ADG (p<0.01) and gain/feed (p<0.08) than pigs fed extruded SBM. Also pigs fed diets with $Na_2SO_3$ had greater ADG, ADFI, and gain/feed compared to those fed diets without $Na_2SO_3$ (p<0.002, 0.04, and 0.04, respectively). Exp. 2 was designed as a $2{\times}3$ factorial with main effects of soy product (SBM and DEWS) and concentration of $Na_2SO_3$ (none, 7.5, and 15.0 g/kg of soy product). As in Exp. 1, all diets were formulated to 3.5 Mcal/kg DE, with 0.92% lysine for d 0 to 13, and 0.76% lysine for d 13 to 53. At a constant processing temperature (148 to $149^{\circ}C$, $Na_2SO_3$ increased throughput of the extruder (578, 595, and 602 kg/h for the 0, 7.5, and 15.0 g/kg additions, respectively). For d 0 to 13, treatment had no effect on ADG or ADFI, but gain/feed decreased for pigs fed SBM with increasing concentrations of $Na_2SO_3$, and increased for pigs fed DEWS with increasing concentrations of $Na_2SO_3$ (SBM vs DEWS sulfite quadratic interaction, p<0.03). For d 13 to 35, pigs fed DEWS had greater ADG (p<0.01) and gain/feed (p<0.001) than pigs fed SBM. Also, ADFI decreased and gain/feed increased with increasing concentrations of $Na_2SO_3$ (linear effects, p<0.04 and 0.01, respectively). Overall, pigs fed the diets with DEWS had greater ADG and gain/feed than pigs fed SBM (p<0.003 and 0.002, respectively), and $Na_2SO_3$ tended to decrease ADFI and increase gain/feed (linear effects, p<0.07 and 0.06, respectively). In conclusion, pigs fed DEWS had greater rate and efficiency of gain than pigs fed SBM. Also, adding $Na_2SO_3$ prior to extrusion increased yield and feed efficiency.

종자내 아미노산 합성 조절 유전자에 관한 연구 (Amino Acid Biosynthesis and Gene Regulation in Seed)

  • 임용표;서미정;조수진;이정희;이효연
    • 한국식물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국식물학회 1996년도 제10회 식물생명공학심포지움 고등식물 발생생물학의 최근 진보
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    • pp.61-74
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    • 1996
  • Human and monogastric animals can not synthesize 10 out of the 20 amino asids and therefor need to obtain these from their diet. The plant seed is a major source of dietary protein. It is particular important in their study to increase nutritional quality of the seed storage proteins. The low contents of lysine, asparagine and threonenein various cereal seeds and of cystein and methionine. In legume seeds is due to the low proportions of these amino acids in the major storage proteins, we have tried to apply the three strategies; (1) mutagenesis and selection of specific amino acid analogue resistance, (2) cloning and expression study of lysine biosynthesis related gene, (3) transfomation of lysine rich soybean glycinin gene. The 5-methyltryptophan (5MT) resistant cell lines, SAR1, SAR2 and SAR3 were selected from anther derived callus of rice (Oryza sativa L. "Sasanishiki"). Among these selected cell lines, two (SAR1 and SAR3) were able to grow stably at 200 mg/L of 5MT. Analysis of the freed amino acids in callus shows that 5MT resistant cells (SAR3) accumulated free tryptophan at least up to 50 times higher than those that of the higher than of SAS. These results indicated that the 5MT resistant cell lines are useful in studies of amino acid biosynthesis. Tr75, a rice (Oryza sativa L., var. Sasanishiki) mutant resistant to 5MT was segregated from the progenies of its initial mutant line, TR1. The 5MT resistant of TR75 was inherited in the M8 generations as a single dominant nuclear gene. The content of free amino acids in the TR75 homozygous seeds increased approximately 1.5 to 2.0 fold compared to wild-type seeds. Especially, the contents of tryptophan, phenylalanine and aspartic acid were 5.0, 5.3 and 2.7 times higher than those of wild-type seeds, respectively. The content of lysine is significantly low in rice. The lysine is synthesized by a complex pathway that is predominantly regulated by feedback inhibition of several enzymes including asparginase, aspatate kinase, dihydrodipicolinat synthase, etc. For understanding the regulation mechanism of lysine synthesis in rice, we try to clone the lysine biosynthetic metabolism related gene, DHPS and asparaginase, from rice. We have isolated a rice DHPS genomic clone which contains an ORF of 1044 nucleotides (347 amino acids, Mr. 38, 381 daltons), an intron of 587 nucleotides and 5'and 3'-flanking regions by screening of rice genomic DNA library. Deduced amino acid sequence of mature peptide domain of GDHPS clone is highly conserved in monocot and dicot plants whereas that of transit peptide domain is extremely different depending on plant specie. Southern blot analysis indicated that GDHPS is located two copy gene in rice genome. The transcripts of a rice GDHPS were expressed in leaves and roots but not detected in callus tissues. The transcription level of GDHPS is much higher in leaves indicating enormous chloroplast development than roots. Genomic DNA clones for asparaginase genes were screened from the rice genomic library by using plaque hybridization technique. Twelve different genomic clones were isolated from first and second screening, and 8 of 12 clones were analyzed by restriction patterns and identified by Southern Blotting, Restriction enzyme digestion patterns and Southern blot analysis of 8 clones show the different pattern for asparaginase gene. Genomic Southern blot analysis from rice were done. It is estimated that rice has at least 2-3 copy of asparaginase gene. One of 8 positive clones was subcloned into the pBluescript SK(+) vector, and was constructed the physical map. For transformation of lysine rich storage protein into tobacco, soybean glycinin genes are transformed into tobacco. To examine whether glycinin could be stably accumulated in endosperm tissue, the glycinin cDNA was transcriptionally fused to an endosperm-specific promotor of the rice storage protein glutelin gene and then introduced into tobacco genomic via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Consequently the glycinin gene was expressed in a seed-and developmentally-specific manner in transgenic tobacco seeds. Glycinin were targeted to vacuole-derived protein bodies in the endosperm tissue and highly accumulated in the matrix region of many transgenic plant (1-4% of total seed proteins). Synthesized glycinin was processed into mature form, and assembled into a hexamer in a similar manner as the glycinin in soybean seed. Modified glycinin, in which 4 contiguous methionine residues were inserted at the variable regions corresponding to the C - teminal regions of the acidic and basic polypeptides, were also found to be accumulated similarly as in the normal glycinin. There was no apparent difference in the expression level, processing and targeting to protein bodies, or accumulation level between normal and modified glycinin. glycinin.

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Bacillus subtilis S. N. U 816 균주를 이용한 Natto 제조중 유리당 및 유리아미노산의 변화 (Changes of Free Sugar and Free Amino Acid during the Natto Fermentation used by Bacillus subtilis S.N.U 816)

  • 김복란;한용봉;박창희
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • 제30권2호
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    • pp.192-197
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    • 1987
  • Bacillus subtilis S.N.U. 816 균주를 이용하여 natto 제조 중 발효시간에 따른 성분의 변화를 조사하였다. 아미노태질소 및 수용성질소의 함량은 발효 20시간 후 감소하는 경향이었고, pretense 역가는 16시간 후 최고치를 나타내었으며 그 후 강소하는 경향이었다. 동정된 유리당(fructose, glucose, sucrose, maltose) 중 fructose와 glucose는 발효 4시간에 최고치를 나타냈으나, 후에는 차츰 감소하였고 sucrose는 증자 직후 최고치였으나 발효됨에 따라 10% 수준까지 급격하게 감소하였다. 유리 아미노산의 함량은 증자 직후 보다 발효 20시간후에 11배에 달하였으며, 24시간 후에는 그 함량이 반으로 급격히 감소하였다. 관능검사 결과 20시간 발효한 natto가 가장 우수하게 나타나 성분치와 거의 일치하는 경향이었다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 상기 균주로 제조한 natto의 최적발효조건은 $42^{\circ}C$에서 20시간이었다.

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