• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.114-117
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• 2010

The effects of isolated soy protein(ISP) content on the physicochemical properties of extrudates from rice flour produced by a single-screw extruder were evaluated. The integrity index(II), nitrogen solubility index(NSI), rehydration ratio(RR), and density were measured as indices of the changes of physicochemical properties of rice extrudates. Increased amounts of ISP resulted in increased II but decreased RR and density. There was no change in the NSI value. It was concluded that the addition of ISP to the raw material could be helpful in texturization of rice extrudate.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.338-347
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• 2016

The present study investigated the volatile compound, physicochemical, and antioxidant properties of beany flavor-removed soy protein isolate (SPI) hydrolyzates produced by combined high temperature pre-treatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. Without remarkable changes in amino acid composition, reductions of residual lipoxygenase activity and beany flavor-causing volatile compounds such as hexanol, hexanal, and pentanol in SPI were observed after combined heating and enzymatic treatments. The degree of hydrolysis, emulsion capacity and stability, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, and superoxide radical scavenging activity of SPI were significantly increased, but the magnitudes of apparent viscosity, consistency index, and dynamic moduli (G', G") of SPI were significantly decreased after the combined heating and enzymatic treatments. Based on these results, it was suggested that the enzymatic hydrolysis in combination with high temperature pre-treatment may allow for the production of beany flavor-removed SPI hydrolyzates with superior emulsifying and antioxidant functionalities.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.279-288
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to examine whether soybean protein isolate with rich isoflavones which was the same amount as used for earlier study prevents bone induced by ovarian hormone deficiency. Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats (body weight 210 $\pm$ 5 g) were divided into two groups, ovariectomy (OVX) and sham surgery groups, which were each randomly divided into two subgroups that were fed casein and soybean protein isolate with rich isoflavones (isoflavones 3_4 mg/g protein). The diets were fed for 9 weeks after operation. The results of this study indicate that body weight gain and food intake were higher in OVX groups than in SHAM groups regardless of diets. Weight gain were higher in soy isolate groups than in casein groups. Serum Ca concentration was lower in OVX rats than in SHAM rats when fed casein diet. Within the OVX groups, serum Ca concentration was higher in rats fed soy isolate diet than in rats fed casein diet. Serum ALP were higher in OVX groups than in SHAM groups. Within the OVX, soy isolate groups, indices of serum osteocalcin, were a trend for greater than those of the OVX casein group. Crosslink value were increased in ovariectomy groups. Spine BMD and femur BMD of ovariectomy groups were significantly lower than SHAM groups. However, soy isolate with rich isoflavones group in ovariectomy groups, spine BMC and femur BMC were significantly increased after 9 weeks. In conclusion, the soy protein with rich isoflavones was beneficial for bone in ovareiectomized rats and the results were similar to the findings of our previous study which showed a beneficial effect on bone in growing rats.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.679-692
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• 2018

The effects of high-pressure processing (HPP) treatment on the quality characteristics of low graded Hanwoo beef marinated with five different sauces (soy, fish, fish-soy, soy-fish and fish-soy-meat sauces) obtained from Asian countries were studied. The Hanwoo beef striploins were marinated with the aforementioned sauces (at ratio: 3:1 w/w) for 3 days at $4^{\circ}C$ before they were treated with HPP at 550 MPa for 5 min at $10^{\circ}C$. All the sauces used were equalized to a same salt level of 12.5%, and the samples marinated with a 12.5% brine solution were served as a control. After treating with the HPP, all the samples were stored for further 7 days at $4^{\circ}C$ for analyses. Results revealed that HPP treatments showed some effects on technological quality traits (pH, cooking loss and color) but had no effect on the collagen contents of the marinated beef. Noticeably, the HPP treatment led to the increases in amounts of free amino acids associated with monosodium glutamate-like taste and sweet taste in the samples marinated with fish sauce or soy-fish sauce, fish-soy sauce and fish-soy-meat sauce whereas, it only reduced these amino acids in the samples marinated with soy sauce or control. Furthermore, the total bacteria count in all the marinated beef samples treated with HPP were significantly (p<0.05) lower than those of the non-HPP-treated samples throughout the storage periods. It is concluded that HPP could be applied for enhancing the taste-active compounds production such as free amino acids, and improving the shelflife stability of the marinated beef.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.151-159
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• 2000

The effects of bromelain and $\alpha$-chymotrypsin treatments on the functional properties(foaming capacity, foaming stability, emulsifying capacity, and emulsifying stability) of soy protein isolate(SPI) and the addition of various sweeteners(sucrose, sorbitol, xylitol) on the quality attributes(viscosity, overrun ratio, melt-down property, and sensory characteristic) of soy ice cream were studied. SPI was more effectively hydrolyzed with $\alpha$-chymotrypsin than bromelain, resulting in a better foaming and emulsifying capacity. Adding xylitol could significantly improve the viscosity, overrun and melt-down property of soy ice creams while the effect was the lowest in the sucrose addition. Bromelain treatment caused a lower apparent viscosity of SPI suspension compared with $\alpha$-chymotrypsin treatment and untreated. The overrun ratios of the soy ice cream prepared with bromelain and $\alpha$-chymotrypsin treated SPI were 18.9∼25.9% and 24.9∼40.3%, respectively as a result of freezing with agitation for 20 min in an ice cream maker. Comparatively, untreated SPI could bring only 15.8∼21.4% overrun ratios after operating for 15 min. The bromelain treatment caused high melt-down tendency of the product while soy ice cream with untreated SPI showed an opposite trend. In sensory characteristics, no significant differences in the strength of beany flavor were noted among the samples. Sweetness, bitter taste, icy feel, and mouthfeel of the product were greatly affected by the enzyme-treatment of SPI. Soy ice cream added with xylitol after $\alpha$-chymotrypsin treatment was the most acceptable among all samples.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2001

기존의 간장 담금 용수 대신에 고로쇠와 대나무 수액을 이용하여 간장을 제조하였고 90일간 숙성시키면서 유기산, 무기물, 유리당, 유리아미노산 및 질소화합물 등을 분석하였다. 90일간 숙성시킨 후 무기질의 총량을 보면 일반간장에 비해 고로쇠수액 간장에서 약 2.0배, 대나무수액 간장에서는 약 4.4배 높게 정량되었다. 무기질 중 특히 칼슘, 칼륨 및 마그네슘 함량이 높았다. 유리당은 대조구에서는 glucose와 galactose, 수액 간장에서는 상기 유리당 외 fructose와 sucrose가 검출되었고, 유기산은 butyric acid가 월등히 높았다. 유리아미노산은 재래식 간장에서는 leucine, phen-ylalanine, isoleucine, lysine 그리고 glutamic acid의 함량이 높았고, phosphoserine을 포함한 11종류의 아미노산은 숙성중 계속 증가하였다. 수액간장의 숙성 중 유리아미노산의 증감 양상은 대조시료와 유사하였다. 총질소, 아미노 질소 및 암모니아성 질소의 함량은 대조시료, 수액간장 모두 일정기간동안 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.150-161
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• 2017

This study was conducted to identify sensory characteristics of soy-meat samples by trained panels and to observe the relationship between these sensory characteristics and consumer acceptability of the samples. Descriptive analysis was performed on eight samples; four types of patty style soy-meat samples (Soy-meat Patty; SP) made with a Ddukgalbi recipe (YSP, VSP, LSP, and SSP) and four types of Bulgogi style soy-meat samples (Soy-meat Bulgogi; SB) made with a Bulgogi recipe (YSB, VSB, LSB, and SSB). Seven panelists were trained, and they evaluated the appearance, odor/aroma, flavor/taste, texture/mouth feel, and after taste attributes of these samples. Forty attributes were generated by panelists, and 37 attributes were significantly different across products (p<0.05). The SB group was characterized by beef, leek, and garlic flavor as well a sweetness, denseness, slipperiness, chewiness, and pepper after taste. The SP group was characterized by roughness, particle size, rancid oil flavor, raw bean flavor, astringent, sourness, and adhesiveness. Consumer test (n=125) showed that the VSB sample had the highest scores for acceptability of appearance, flavor, texture, and overall liking. The PLSR results show that the attributes that were more positively associated with acceptance of soy-meat samples were beef taste, wetness, and chewiness, whereas the raw bean smell and rancid oil flavor attributes were negative.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.143-148
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• 1984

본 연구에서는 SPC-yogurt에 첨가되는 여러가지 당(糖)과 발육촉진물이 L.acidophilus의 생육에 미치는 영향을 관찰하고, 제조된 yogurt의 flavor를 조사하였다. Soy milk를 SPC(단백질 4.2%)와 여러가지 당(糖) 및 발육촉진물질로 제조하였고 준비된 Soy milk 100ml를 적절히 가열살균후 24시간 배양된 유산균 2.5ml를 접종하고 $37^{\circ}C$에서 24시간 배양하였다. 유산출 생육의 정도는 생균수, 산도, pH로 판단하였다. 배양시간에 따른 유산균의 생육도를 측정한 실험으로부터 6시간까지가 log phase이고 30시간까지가 stationary phase인것으로 나타났다 본 실험에서 사용된 당(糖) 가운데 glucose와 fiuctose가 유산균에 의한 산생성에 현저한 효과를 보였으며. 그 적정농도는 가각 3%정도였다 첨가된 발육촉진물질가운데 yeast extract가 유산균에 의한 산의 생성을 가장 촉진시켰으며 그 적정 농도는 0.5% 정도였다 SPC의 농도가 증가함에 따라 제조된 soy yogurt의 산도가 다소 증가하였다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.276-283
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• 2015

Hydrocolloids have many applications in foods including their use in dysphagia diets. We aimed to evaluate whether hydrocolloids in foods affect the digestibility of starch and protein, and their effects on antioxidant capacity. The thickening hydrocolloids: locust bean gum and carboxymethyl cellulose, and the gel-forming agents: agar agar, konjacglucomannan, and Hot & Soft Plus were blended with corn starch and soy protein, skim milk, or grape juice and were examined for their in vitro-digestability by comparing the reducing sugar and trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-soluble peptide, for antioxidant capacity by total polyphenol contents and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity. The hydrocolloids resulted in a decrease in starch digestibility with the gel-forming agents. Hydrocolloids diminished TCA-soluble peptides in skim milk compared to soy protein with the exception of locust bean gum and decreased free radical scavenging capacities and total phenolic contents in grape juice. Our findings may provide evidence for the use of hydrocolloids for people at risk of nutritional deficiencies such as dysphagia patients.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.63-72
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• 1978

재래식(在來式)콩간장의 제조(製造)에 있어서 국균(麴菌)의 종류별(種類別), 메주의 형태별(形態別)로 담금하여 숙성과정(熟成過程)중의 효소력(酵素力)과 성분(成分)의 변화(變化)를 검토한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 메주 및 간장숙성과정(熟成過程)중의 protease 활성(活性)은 Asp. sojae로 제조한 종국(種麴)이 Asp. oryzae로 제조한 종국(種麴)에 비하여 높았고 국수형의 매주가 벽돌형의 메주에 비하여 높았으며 amylase활성(活性)은 Asp. oryzae균(菌)이 Asp. oryzae균(菌)에 비하여 대체로 높은 경향을 나타냈다. 2. 간장숙성기간(熟成其間)중의 총질소(總窒素), 아미노태질소(窒素), 순고형분(純固形分)의 함량과 비중(比重)은 Asp. sojae균(菌)의 국수형의 메주로 담금한 것이 가장 높았고 Asp. oryzae의 벽돌형메주로 담금함 것이 가장 낮았다. 3. 완층능은 Asp. sojae균(菌)의 국수형의 메주로 담금한 간장이 $1.77{\sim}2.56$으로서 가장 높았으며 알코올성분(成分)은 전시험구 공히 검출되지 않았고 암모니아태질소(窒素)의 함량은 각 시험구간의 큰 차가 없었다. 4. 간장 숙성기간(熟成其間)중의 단백분해율(蛋白分解率)과 질소이용율(窒素利用率)은 Asp. sojae균(菌)의 국수형메주가 가장 높았고 Asp.oryzae균(菌)의 벽돌형메주가 가장 낮았으며 특히 메주의 형태(形態)에 따라 질소이용율(窒素利用率)은 많은 차이(差異)를 나타냈다. 5. 3개월간 숙성(熟成)후 간장을 여과하고 남은 재래식(在來式) 장중의 일반성분(一般性分)은 수분(水分) $54{\sim}61%$, 아미노태질소(窒素) $457{\sim}682mg%$, 염분(鹽分) $18{\sim}23%$, 지방(脂肪) $5.4{\sim}9.1%$, 단백질(蛋白質) $8.6{\sim}9.4%$로 나타났고 이중 Asp. sojae균(菌)의 국수형메주의 경우 성숙도(아미노태질소의 mg%)가 가장 높았다. 6. 3개월간 숙성(熟成)한 간장을 색 맛 향기(香氣)등에 대하여 관능시험한 결과 Asp. sojae균(菌)의 벽돌형메주로 담금한 것이 가장 양호(良好) 하였으며 Asp. oryzae균(菌)의 벽돌형메주로 담금한 것이 가장 불량(不良)하였다.