• 센서학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.88-92
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• 2015

In order to study the semi-conductive characteristics of carbon black-filled ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) composite film, which is used for measuring occlusal force, composite samples with volume ratios of carbon black to EPDM ranging from 30% to 70% were prepared. The process of making a composite film consists of two steps, which involve the preparation of a slurry composition and the fabrication of a thin film using solution casting and a lamination process. To prepare the slurry composition, we dispersed carbon black nanoparticles into an organic solvent before mixing with an EPDM solution in toluene. The mechanical and electrical properties of the resulting carbon black-filled EPDM film were then investigated, and the results showed that the electrical resistance of a film decreases with the increase in the carbon black content. Furthermore, improved elastic recovery was observed after cross-linking the EPDM.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2005년도 제31회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.231-237
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• 2005

Interruption of good fluidization in a fluidized bed ash cooler(FBAC) for discharging bed materials such as sand or coal ash particles from the CFB combustor is frequently happened because of agglomeration of the particles in the bed. This unstable operation may, in the worst case, result in an unscheduled boiler shut down. In this study, we examined the operation problems of the FBAC of Tonghae CFB boiler and studied and introduced the simple detection and solution techniques with analyzing the mixing property and the occurrence of defluidization in a simulated fluidized bed ash cooler system (0.5m-H x 0.5m-W x 1.0m-L). The bridge of the large particles at the bed surface could be observed, and this caused to form the defluidization area at the entrance of the FBAC. The defluidization was affected not only by airflow rates but also by the particles discharging rates as well as particle size distribution in the FBAC. The local defluidization could be detected by analysis of the accumulated standard deviation error at a given period of time. Also, the regulation of the overall or local airflow rate made clearing up the local defluidization possible.

• 폴리머
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.818-825
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• 2001

폴리카보네이트 (PC)와 몬모릴로나이트 (montmorillonite, MMT)의 나노복합체를 용액 및 용융 혼합 방법으로 층간삽입시켜 제조하여 X-ray 실험으로 MMT의 층간간격 변화를 조사하였다. MMT로는 $Na^+$를 양이온으로 갖는 순수 MMT (MMT-Na)와 도데실암모늄 (MMT-DA) 및 dimethyl hydrogenated tallow 2-ethylhexyl ammonium으로 개질된 MMT (MMT-25A)를 사용하였다. PC/MMT-25A와 PC/MMT-DA가 PC/MMT-Na보다 층간거리의 증가폭이 컸으며, 혼합방법에 따라 최대 $37AA$까지 층간간격이 증가하였다. 또 PC의 분자량이 작을수록, 혼합시간이 증가할수록 삽입이 잘 일어났다. 열중량분석법 (TGA)으로 측정한 열안정성은 PC/MMT-25A가 PC/MMT-Na와 순수한 PC보다 우수함을 나타내었다.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2005년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.125-128
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• 2005

The dispersion of carbon nanofiber (CNF) was carried out by solution blending, mechanical mixing, and sonication. CNFs at levels of 5-50% fiber weight content were mixed with polypropylene (PP) powder, and then were melt-mixed using a twin-screw extruder. For the further alignment of fibers, extruded rods were stacked uni-directionally in the mold cavity for the compression molding. For the evaluation of mechanical properties of nanocomposites, tension, in-plane shear, and flexural tests were conducted. CNF/PP composites clearly showed reinforcing effect in the longitudinal direction. The tensile modulus and strength have improved by 100% and 40%, respectively for 50 % fiber weight content, and the flexural modulus and strength have increased by 120% and 25%, respectively for the same fiber weight content. The shear modulus showed 65% increase, but the strength dropped sharply by 40%. However, the property enhancement was not significant due to the poor adhesion between fiber and matrix. In the transverse direction, the tensile, flexural, and shear strength decreased as more fibers were added.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.553-563
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• 2013

The present study aims to show how the problem of reproducing, as closely as possible, binders of historic mortars by mixing raw materials which are commercially available, can be formulated as a linear optimization problem. The study points out that by mixing five standard raw materials (end-members) it is possible to obtain mortar binders with the almost same chemical compositions of those determined on the historic and archaeological mortar samples studied in some recent scientific papers. An advanced function of the Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, the Solver add-in, was used for the calculation of the right amount of each raw material to be mixed for producing the new binders. This approach could be useful to provide an optimal solution in the process of restoration of ancient monuments, where it is necessary to replace the historic mortars with new highly compatible repair mortars.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.113-122
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• 2010

Two kinds of oxide-dispersion-strengthened (ODS) 316L stainless steel were manufactured using a wet mixing process(wet) and a mechanical alloying method (MA). An MA 316L ODS was prepared by a mixing of metal powder and a mechanical alloying process. A wet 316L ODS was manufactured by a wet mixing with 316L stainless steel powder. A solution of yttrium nitrate was dried after being in the wet 316L ODS alloy. The results showed that carbon and oxygen were effectively reduced during the degassing process before the hydroisostatic process (HIP) in both alloys. It appeared that the effect of HIP treatment on increase in impact energy was pronounced in the MA 316L ODS alloy. The MA 316L ODS alloy showed a higher yield strength and a smaller elongation, when compared to the wet 316L ODS alloy. This seemed to be attributed to the enhancement of bonding between oxide and matrix particles from HIP and to the presence of a finer oxide of about 20 nm from the MA process in the MA 316L ODS alloy.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.1020-1033
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• 2015

In order to design a compact urea selective catalytic reduction system, numerical simulation was conducted by computational fluid dynamics tool. A swirl type static mixer and a mixing chamber were considered as mixing units in the system. It had great influence on flow characteristics and urea decomposition into ammonia. The mixer caused flow recirculation and high level of turbulence intensity, and the chamber increased residence time of urea-water-solution injected. Because of those effects, reaction rates of urea decomposition were enhanced in the region. When those mixing units were combined, it showed the maximum because the recirculation zone was significantly developed. $NH_3$ conversion was maximized in the zone due to widely distributed turbulence intensity and high value of uniformity index. It caused improvement of $NO_x$ reduction efficiency of the system. It was possible to reduce 55% length of the chamber and connecting pipe without decrease of $NO_x$ reduction efficiency.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.127-132
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• 2015

In this study, biochar-bead, prepared from biochar powder derived from woody biomass, was used for removal cadmium ion in aqueous solution. Various mixing ratios of alginate solution and biochar powder were used for the production of round shape biochar-bead. An optimum mixing ratio was selected as 1.5% alginate solution and 20 wt% biochar. The produced biochar-bead was characterized by SEM, FT-IR, and XRD analyses. The adsorption capacity of Cd(II) by biochar-bead was found to be 9.72 mg/g which was higher than that by GAC and PAC. According to this study, round shape biochar-bead is expected to be used as a media for reactive barrier or water filtration.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.547-554
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• 2006

응집공정에서 교반조건과 응집제 주입농도에 따른 알루미늄 가수분해종 변화에 대한 실험결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수가 있었다. 알루미늄 표준용액을 이용하여 모노머성 알루미늄과 페론 반응을 살펴본 결과 반응초기에 급격한 반응률을 보이며 반응시간 3분 정도에 평형에 도달함을 알 수 있었다. 순수의 경우 교반시간에 따른 영향은 거의 나타나지 않고 있으며 거의 일정한 반응률을 보이고 있었다. 상수원수의 경우 입자상 물질과 유기물의 존재함에 따라 응집제 주입시 수중에서 형성되는 알루미늄 가수분해종이 입자상 물질 및 유기물과 우선적으로 반응하기 때문에 형성되는 알루미늄 가수분해 종에 대한 반응률이 교반시간에 따라 다르게 나타났다. 응집제 주입량이 증가할수록 페론과 반응율이 빠르게 일어나나 일정한 시간이 경과한 후에 반응율을 살펴보면 응집제 주입량이 증가할수록 반응이 느리게 나타났다. 순수의 경우 교반시간에 따른 Ka 값은 교반시간이 증가할수록 Ka 값은 감소함을 알 수 있으며 응집제 주입량의 영향은 크게 나타나지 않고 있다. 그러나 Kb의 경우 응집제 주입량이 증가할수록 반응속도 상수값이 낮아지는 경향을 보이고 있으며, 마찬가지로 교반시간이 증가할수록 Kb 값은 감소함을 알 수 있다. 상수원수를 사용한 경우 순수와 마찬가지로 교반시간에 따른 Ka, Kb값 은 교반시간이 증가할수록 감소하였다. 그러나 응집제 주입량이 증가할수록 Ka 값은 감소하였다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.85-95
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• 2015

PURPOSES : Recently, bonded concrete overlay has been used as an alternative solution in concrete pavement rehabilitation since its material properties are similar to those of the existing concrete pavements. Deteriorated concrete pavements need rapid rehabilitation in order to prevent traffic jams on Korean expressways. Moreover, speedy and effective repair methods are required. Therefore, the use of bonded concrete overlay with ultra-rapid hardening cement has increased in an effort to reopen promptly the expressways in Korea. However, mobile mixer is required for ultra-rapid hardening cement concrete mixing in the construction site. The use of mobile mixer causes various disadvantages aforementioned such as limitation of the construction supply, open-air storage of mixing materials, increase in construction cost, and etc. In this study, therefore, hydration accelerator in-situ mixing on polymer modified concrete produced in concrete plant is attempted in order to avoid the disadvantages of existing bonded concrete overlay method using ultra-rapid hardening cement. METHODS : Bonded concrete overlay materials using ultra-rapid hardening cement should be meet all the requirements including structural characteristics, compatibility, durability for field application. Therefore, This study aimed to evaluate the application of hydration accelerator in-situ mixing on polymer modified concrete by evaluating structural characteristics, compatibility, durability and economic efficiency for bonded concrete overlay. RESULTS : Test results of structural characteristics showed that the compressive, flexural strength and bond strength were exceed 21MPa, 3.15MPa and 1.4MPa, respectively, which are the target strengths of four hours age for the purpose of prompt traffic reopening. In addition, tests of compatibility, such as drying shrinkage, coefficient of thermal expansion and modulus of elasticity, and durability (chloride ions penetration resistance, freezing-thawing resistance, scaling resistance, abrasion resistance and crack resistance), showed that the hydration accelerator in-situ mixing on polymer modified concrete were satisfied the required criteria. CONCLUSIONS : It was known that the hydration accelerator in-situ mixing on polymer modified concrete overlay method was applicable for bonded concrete overlay and was a good alternative method to substitute the existing bonded concrete overlay method since structural characteristics, compatibility, durability were satisfied the criteria and its economic efficiency was excellent compare to the existing bonded concrete overlay methods.