• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.231-240
• /
• 2019

Background: We sought to determine the value of combining diffusion-weighted (DW) and perfusion-weighted (PW) sequences with a conventional magnetic resonance (MR) sequence to assess solid components of borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) and stage I carcinomas. Methods: Conventional, DW, and PW sequences in the tumor imaging studies of 70 patients (BOTs, n=38; stage I carcinomas, n=32) who underwent surgery with pathologic correlation were assessed. Two independent radiologists calculated the parameters apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), $K^{trans}$ (vessel permeability), and $V_e$ (cell density) for the solid components. The distribution on conventional MR sequence and mean, standard deviation, and 95% confidence interval of each DW and PW parameter were calculated. The inter-observer agreement among the two radiologists was assessed. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and multivariate logistic regression were performed to compare the effectiveness of DW and PW sequences for average values and to characterize the diagnostic performance of combined DW and PW sequences. Results: There were excellent agreements for DW and PW parameters between radiologists. The distributions of ADC, $K^{trans}$, and $V_e$ values were significantly different between BOTs and stage I carcinomas, yielding AUCs of 0.58 and 0.68, 0.78 and 0.82, and 0.70 and 0.72, respectively, with ADC yielding the lowest diagnostic performance. The AUCs of the DW, PW, and combined PW and DW sequences were $0.71{\pm}0.05$, $0.80{\pm}0.05$, and $0.85{\pm}0.05$, respectively. Conclusion: Combining PW and DW sequences to a conventional sequence potentially improves the diagnostic accuracy in the differentiation of BOTs and stage I carcinomas.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.464-468
• /
• 2000

Odontogenic fibromyxomas are extremely rare benign odontogenic tumors that probably arise from interstitial portion of jaw bone. The plain X-ray showed osteolytic destructive lesions in the molar root area. CT scans demonstrated osteolytic expansile lesions with mild enhancement of the solid portion of the mass. Histologically, the tumor is composed of fibrous tissue and myxoid tissues. In this paper a case of odontogenic fibromyxoma of the maxilla and a review of the literature is presented.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 1999

Among 60 children with teratoma, forty-three (71.7 percent) were girls and 17 (28.3 percent) boys, Primary sites were sacrococcygeal in 30 patients (50 percent), retroperitoneal in 12 (20 percent), ovarian in 11 (18.3 percent), testicular in 3 (5 percent), and one in each of nasopharyngeal, gastric, hepatic and pancreatic (1.6 percent, respectively). Fifty-five (91.7 percent) teratomas were benign and 5 (8.3 percent) malignant. Malignant teratomas W8,re detected only in the sacrococcygeal region (16.7 percent). Age greater than 2 mouths at diagnosis, presence of urinary or colonic obstructive symptoms, multiple masses and elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein were indicators of malignancy in the sacrococcygeal region. Tumor size, presence of calcification, and gross apperance (cystic or solid) did not correlate with malignancy. Thirteen (21.7 percent) cases were associated with other anomalies. For the immature teratoma, operative resection without adjuvant chemotherapy was adequate treatment. Three patients with malignant tumors survived, one who received chemotherapy survived 3 years and the others without chemotherapy survived for 5 and 10 years.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.83 no.1
• /
• pp.14-19
• /
• 2020

Lung cancer remains the most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although there are many possible treatments, including targeted therapies such as epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors and anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitors, new therapeutic strategies are needed to improve clinical outcomes. Immunotherapy through the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors has provided one of the most important breakthroughs in the management of solid tumors, including lung cancers, and has shown promising results in numerous clinical trials. This review will present the current status of immunotherapy for lung cancer and future perspectives on these treatments.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.29 no.11
• /
• pp.1533-1537
• /
• 2000

Granulocytic sarcomas are solid tumors resulting from the localized proliferation of myelogenous leukions cells. Epidural involvement of granulocytic sarcoma is very rare in acute myelogenous leukemia(AML). We report a patient with a thoracic epidural granulocytic sarcoma whose presentation with acute paraparesis led to the diagnosis of relapsing of alleged AML. Early recognition of the etiology of the paraparesis and treatment with emergency decompressive, laminectomy, radiation therapy and chemotherapy resulted in an excellent neurological and hematological outcome.

• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.90-93
• /
• 2009

In spite of many advantages of the ultrasonography (USG), sometimes its features such as echotexture and homogenecity do not reliably distinguish between malignant tumors and benign ones, so caution is needed in making a diagnosis of solid masses of the soft tissue with USG.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.73-79
• /
• 2009

Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor is a rare sex-cord stromal tumor of the ovary. They make up less than 0.5 % of all ovarian tumors. We experienced a case of an ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor in a 4 year-old girl who presented with nausea, vomiting, and lower abdominal pain of 2 days' duration. On physical examination, there was mild tenderness in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a pelvic mass measuring $5{\times}3cm$ that appeared to arise from the right ovary. At exploratory laparotomy, a $6{\times}5{\times}3cm$ solid right ovarian mass without torsion was found. A right salpingo-oophorectomy was performed. The postoperative course was uneventful. The child was discharged 5 days after surgery.

• BMB Reports
• /
• v.53 no.10
• /
• pp.512-520
• /
• 2020

T-cell-based cancer immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T-cells, have significant anti-tumor effects against certain types of cancer, providing a new paradigm for cancer treatment. However, the activity of tumor infiltrating T-cells (TILs) can be effectively neutralized in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of most solid tumors, rich in various immunosuppressive factors and cells. Therefore, to improve the clinical outcomes of established T-cell-based immunotherapy, adjuvants that can comprehensively relieve multiple immunosuppressive mechanisms of TME are needed. In this regard, recent studies have revealed that metformin has several beneficial effects on anti-tumor immunity. In this mini-review, we understand the immunosuppressive properties of TME and how metformin comprehensively enhances anti-tumor immunity. Finally, we will discuss this old friend's potential as an adjuvant for cancer immunotherapy.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.185-190
• /
• 1990

The cytologic findings in fine needle aspiration of a case of myxoid liposarcoma of the mediastinum are described. The smear and cell block of the aspirate revealed solid clusters with background of amorphous material and scattered single tumor cells. The clusters were moderately cellular and consisted of atypical lipoblasts in varying stages of differentiation and delicate plexiform capillaries. Good correlation was found between the histologic and cytologic findings in the fine needle aspirates. The differential diagnosis between myxoid liposarcoma and other myxoid soft tissue tumors is discussed.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.143-151
• /
• 2006

In the past decade, the median duration of survival among patients with advanced colorectal cancer has increased from 12 months to about 18 months, primarily as a results of the introduction of irinotecan and oxaliplatin. Advances in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the development and progression of cancer have resulted in the discovery of new therapeutic interventions that target specific molecular abnormalities. Their specificity, and therefore their potential to bind preferentially and modify tumor-specific targets, sparing normal tissues and causing fewer side-effects compared to conventional cytotoxic agents, makes them an attractive therapeutic option. The future of this approach for the treatment of solid tumors is promising.