• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.73-78
• /
• 2005

It was aimed to promote Cyrtomium falcatum as a material for interior landscape by validating it indoor adaptability in the indoor environment, especially irrigation times, soil treatment and drainage level. Irrigation times were 2 times per week and 7 times per week. Soil treatment and drainage level were carried out drainage-peatmoss : vermiculite : perlite=1 : 1 : 1(D-PVP), peatmoss : vermiculite : perlite=1 : 1 : 1(PVP), drainage-saprolite : leaf mold=1 : 1(D-SL) and saprolite : leaf mold=1 : 1(SL). 1. Top of growth was better with irrigation 7 times per week than irrigation 2 times per week but indoor adaptability was decreased and shown yellowish green. 2. In case of soil treatment, growth was better with saprolite : leaf mold=1 : 1 but indoor growth adaptability was decreased than peatmoss : vermiculite : perlite=1 : 1 : 1. 3. Plant height and blade length were increased under non-drainage treatment but indoor adaptability, number of new fronds and number of sporophyll were decreased under drainage treatment, regardless of irrigation times and soil treatment. 4. Photosynthetic rate(Pn) was the highest in the drainage-peatmoss : vermiculite : perlite=1 : 1 : 1 treatment of irrigation 2 times per week and was the lowest in the saprolite : leaf mold=1 : 1 treatment of irrigation 7 times per week.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.257-264
• /
• 2017

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology has been suggested as an ultimate strategy for mitigating climate change. However, potential leakage of $CO_2$ from the CCS facilities could lead to serious damage to environment. Plants can be a bio-indicator for $CO_2$ leakage as a cost-effective way, although plants' responses vary with plant species. In this study, a greenhouse experiment was conducted to investigate the relation between the $CO_2$ tolerance of corn species and the initial physiological responses to the elevated soil $CO_2$ concentration. Treatment groups included CI (99.99% $CO_2$ gas injection) and BI (no gas injection). Mean soil $CO_2$ concentration for the CI treatment was 19.5~39.4%, and mean $O_2$ concentration was 6.6~18.4%. The soil gas concentrations in the BI treatment were at the ambient levels. In the CI treatment, chlorophyll content was not decreased until the $13^{th}$ day of the $CO_2$ injection. On the $15^{th}$ day, leaf starch content and stomatal conductance were increased by 89% and 25% in the CI treatment compared to the BI treatment, respectively. This might be due to the compensatory reaction of corn to avoid high soil $CO_2$ stress. However, the prolonged $CO_2$ injection decreased chlorophyll content after 13 days. After $CO_2$ injection, plant biomass was reduced by 25% in the CI treatment compared to the BI treatment. Due to the inhibited root growth, leaf phosphorous and potassium contents were decreased by 54% on average in the CI treatment. This study indicates that corn has a high tolerance to soil $CO_2$ concentration of 30% for 2 weeks by its compensatory reactions such as an maintenance of chlorophyll content and an increase in stomatal conductance.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 1990

Effects of mycorrhizal infection on the growth of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) and corn (Zea mays) seedlings have been studied by comparing plants grown in sterilized soil/sand mixtures to plants grown in sterilized soil/sand mixtures with topping the original non-sterile field soil. The original nonsterile field soil, which were taken from the bell pepper field, contained a high level of endmycorrhizal spores. After seven weeks, the shoot height of inoculated plants was increased by 110% in bell pepper, and 90% in corn compared with the control plants. The average above-ground biomass of inoculated plant was increased by 88% in bell pepper and 71% in corn compared with the control plants. The shoot-root ratios in bell pepper and corn were 2.7 and 1.8 for the control plants, and 4.3 and 2.7 for the treatment plants, respectively. Phosphorus level in inoculated plant was higher than that of the control plant. However, nitrogen contents were similar between the control and the treatment plants. The control plants didi not form vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae during the experimental period.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.29-36
• /
• 2001

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of microbial fertilizers on the yield of altari radish, chemical components of plant and soil, and the microbial floras. Six microbial fertilizers, MPK＋Husk＋Palma, Husk＋Palma, MPK＋Compost, Compost, Bio livestock cattle system (BLCS) cattle dropping, and Tomi, were used in this experiment. The yield of altari radish was increased in treatments of all microbial fertilizers. The concentration of all chemical components in plant were not significantly different. Whereas the amount of $P_2$$O_{5}$ in soil was increased in Compost treatment, the other components were not significantly different compared with control. The total bacteria and bacilli in soil were increased in Tomi, Husk＋Palma, and MPK＋Husk＋Palma treatments, and actinomycete and fungi were increased in Tomi treatment.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.201-205
• /
• 2004

During the routine survey, the mortality of mulberry seedlings was noticed due to damping-off disease. The disease recognized by rotting of emerged seedlings near the soil line (just below the soil level) resulting in collapse of the seedlings. Two fungi were isolated from affected samples and identified as Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler and Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc. Both the fungi were found to be responsible in causing pre and post emergence damping-off of seedlings in mulberry. For management of the disease, an experiment was conducted using fungicides. These fungicides were applied as seed treatment; soil drenching and foliar spray alone and in combination. Among the different treatments, integration of seed treatment and soil application of Dithane M-45 (Mancozeb 75% WP) + Bavistin (Carbendazim 50% WP) followed by foliar spray of these fungicides (after 35 days of sowing) resulted in better survivability of seedlings (93.3 %) on $90^th$ day and controlled the pre and post emergence damping off by 100 and 89.5%, respectively over the check.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.45 no.4
• /
• pp.241-244
• /
• 2000

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect on evapotranspiration and yield of soybean according to different soil water conditions, and to find the optimum time and amount for irrigation in soybean cultivation. The difference between potential evapotranspiration (PET) and maximum evapotranspiration (MET) during growing season of soybean planted in lysimeter was higher during reproductive stage than during vegetative one. The maximum crop coefficient was obtained at beginning seed stage of soybean. Soil water coefficient of irrigation treatment was higher than that of non-irrigation treatment during soybean growth stage in field experiment. Grain yield was highest in lysimeter due to its high water use efficiency and evapotranspiration rate.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• v.15 no.6
• /
• pp.1135-1141
• /
• 2018

Volume changes of soils induced by inorganic acids cause severe foundation and superstructure failures in industrial buildings. This study aimed to assess the potential of fly ash to control volume changes in soils under acidic environment. Two soils such as black cotton soil predominant with montmorillonite and kaolin clay predominant with kaolinite were used for the present investigation. Both soils exhibited an increase in swelling subjected to phosphoric acid contamination. Ion exchange reactions and mineralogical transformations lead to an increase in swelling and a decrease in compressibility in black cotton soil, whereas phosphate adsorption and mineral dissolution lead to an increase in swelling and compressibility in case of kaolin clay. Different percentages of Class F fly ash obtained from Ramagundam national thermal power station were used for soil treatment. Fly ash treatment leads to significant reduction in swelling and compressibility, which is attributed to the formation of aluminum phosphate cements in the presence of phosphoric acid.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2004.07a
• /
• pp.107-125
• /
• 2004

A bioremediation of petroleum-contaminated soil in Korea was evaluated for the optimization of enhanced biodegradation and the minimization of effects of seasonal variations, The short-term bioremediation in combination of biopile pretreatment and landfarming was performed by lowering contaminated levels and overcoming the inhibiting factors in the rainy and winter seasons. A microbial density was maintained with indigenous microbial addition for bioaugmentation and with fertilizers for biostimulation. A lesser volatile and biodegradable fraction due to their abiotic removals following the biopile pretreatment was effectively removed by the laterally applied landfarming. The optimal temperature in greenhouse was maintained by buffering of the soil temperature even with slight decreases in removal rates during the winter and extensive leaching of nutrients and contaminants was restricted with adjusting the water contents during the Korean rainy season. Although the tilling process was effective for biodegradation with aeration only, the simultaneous treatment due to apparent mixing of nutrients and microbes more favorably degraded the petroleum than the sequential treatment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
• /
• 2005.03a
• /
• pp.906-909
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this paper is to study on the construction of roadbed with environmental friendly soil amendment agent and reinforced fiber. The special amendment agent and fiber used in this study has a function of soil-cement-agent solidification and reinforcement. A series of laboratory experiments including unconfined compressive strength, tensile strength, compaction test were carried out to investigate the physical and mechanical characteristics of roadbed treated by solidifying agent and fiber. The results of this research showed that the roadbed using poor soil could be efficiently constructed by treatment of this amendment agent and fiber.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.42 no.5
• /
• pp.597-604
• /
• 2014

Laboratory-scale landfills (simulated landfills) were designed to determine the formaldehyde released into air and leachate from medium density fiberboard (MDF). Simulated landfills were constructed using cylindrical plastic containers containing alternating layers of soil and MDF for a total of five layers. The highest concentration of formaldehyde was found in the air and leachate from the MDF only treatment compared to treatments containing MDF and soil. At the end of the study (28 days), formaldehyde concentrations in air and leachate from treatments containing MDF and soil decreased by 70 percent and 99 percent, respectively, while the treatment containing MDF only still released formaldehyde into the air and leachate. Therefore, waste MDF after storing 4 weeks in water may be recycled as compost or mulch based on formaldehyde leaching. Also, these data indicate soil restricts formaldehyde release into air and leachate and provides new information about the fate of wood-based composite waste containing UF resin disposed in landfills.