• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.35-46
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• 2006

Objective of this research was to determine the effect of application rate of a slow release fertilizer (SRF) in three root media, peatmoss+vermiculite (1:1, v/v; PV), peatmoss+composted rice hall (1:1, v/v; PR), and peatmoss+composted pine bark (1:1, v/v; PB), on growth and nutrient contents of potted chrysanthemum 'Lima Honey'. All media contained polyacrylic acid sodium salt at a rate of $4.5g L^{-1}$. The fresh and dry weights at 43 days after transplanting did not show statistical differences among treatments in each root media. Elevated application rate of SRF increased fresh and dry weights at 80 days after transplanting in PV and PB media, but not in PR medium. Elevated application rates of SRF resulted in the increase of tissue phosphorus content and decrease of tissue Ca, Na, and Zn contents at both 43 and 80 days after transplanting. Elevated application rates of SRF resulted in the decrease of pH and increase of EC and concentrations of ${NO_3}^-$ and ${P_2O_5}^{3-}$, K, Ca, and Mg in the soil solution of PV and PR media. The trends of those in PR media were also similar except ${NO_3}^-$. The differences among treatments in EC at 80 days after transplanting were less significant as compared to those at 43 days after transplanting in three media.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.327-334
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• 2008

퇴적물 공극수의 화학적 특성과 영양분의 농도변화 및 이동특성 파악은 지표수 수질관리에 중요한 요소가 된다. 밭토양 30cm와 상등수 15cm로 구성된 microcosm을 이용하여 담수에 의한 토양 공극수 및 상등수의 화학적 특성과 영앙분의 농도변화를 6개월 동안 모니터링하였다. 담수 5주가 경과한 후 토양 색은 yellowish red에서 grey로 변하였으며 토양표면에 붉은 색의 산화층이 관찰되었다. 토양 공극수의 산화환원전위와 pH는 감소하였다. 담수에 의하여 상등수의 $NO_3^-$ 농도는 증가하고 PO_4^{3-}$ 농도는 감소하였으나 토양 공극수의 $NH_4^+$, $PO_4^{3-}$, FE, Mn 농도는 증가하였다. 상등수의 $NO_3^-$ 농도 증가는 토양에서 생성된 $NH_4^+$가 상등수로 이동 및 산화에 기인하며, 토양 공극수의 PO_4^{3-}$ 농도증가는 산화철과 산화망간의 용해에 의하여 이에 흡착되어 있던 PO_4^{3-}$가 용출됨에 기인한 것으로 판단된다. PO_4^{3-}$에 대한 흡착력이 강한 산화철과 산화망간을 많이 함유하고 있는 토양표면의 산화층은 PO_4^{3-}$의 토양으로부터 상등수로 확산을 방해하는 것으로 판단된다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.43-49
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• 1997

Effects of addition of soil ameliorants on the growth and nutrient absorption of Zea mays, Miscanthus sinensis and Phytolacca americana were investigated. Acid soil from Yeocheon Industrial Complex were used for the control plot (AS). We made two treatment plots, acid soil + lime (AS + L) and acid soil + dolomite (AS+D). Ration of acid soil : soil ameliorants in freatment plot was 50 : 1(V:V). Acid soil and soil ameliorants were mixed thoroughly before use. Shoot length of corn in AS+L and AS+D was considerably increased by 141% and 137%, respectively, compared with that in AS. Pokeweed in AS+L and AS+D also increased by 183% and 152%, respectively, compared with that in AS. However, growth of Miscanthus sinensis showed slight difference between the control and the treatment plots. Biomass of corn and porkweed in the treatment plots were also greater than those in the control plots. During the growth experiment with corn, concentrations of Ca and Mg in soil were increased and A1 decreased with increased soil pH in the treatment plots. Amount of aluminum absorbed by corn in the control plot was greater than that in the treatment plots. In case of Miscanthus sinensis, however, aluminum absorption in the control plot was lower than those in the treatment plots.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.275-281
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to examine the selected soil chemical properties of paddy fields in different topographic areas to efficiently manage nutrient valances of the paddy fields in Jeonbuk Province. Three-hundred soil sampling sites in paddy fields were selected from the different topographic areas in Jeonbuk Province. The soil samples were collected every four years from 1999 to 2015. Soil pH and exchangeable K and Mg concentrations declined during the experimental periods. However, almost all the chemical properties were within the proper levels for paddy soil, except exchangeable Mg concentration. Distributed areas of the paddy fields with soil pH below 5.5 continuously increased, but the paddy fields with lower concentrations of soil organic matter and available $P_2O_5$ than the proper levels declined after 2007. In addition, the paddy fields with available $SiO_2$ below the proper concentration decreased from 83.3% of the total paddy fields studied in 1999 to 61.0% of the total fields investigated in 2015. The paddy fields with lower exchangeable K and Mg than the proper levels increased after 2003 whereas the fields with lower exchangeable Ca concentration decreased. Dominant landform of coastal and plain areas was fluvio-marine plains that was distributed in 53.7% and 40.9%, respectively. Local valley and fans was a dominant landform of mountainous and middle-mountainous areas, which was 51.8% and 67.6%, respectively. Dominant soil textures distributed in coastal and plain areas were silty loam and loam. Those in mountainous and middle-mountainous areas were sandy loam and loam, respectively. Soil pH was relatively higher in coastal area and the comparatively higher content of soil organic matter was found in costal area than other areas. The concentrations of available $P_2O_5$, exchangeable Ca, and exchangeable Mg were generally higher in mountainous, coastal, plain areas, respectively, but available $SiO_2$ and exchangeable K concentrations were not significantly different among the different topographic areas.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2018

유기질비료를 농경지 투입 시 적정한 사용량을 결정하는데 질소전량, 인산전량, 칼리전량 등 비료품질 특성은 매우 중요한 영향인자이다. 유기질비료의 품질특성을 분석하고자 시중에 유통되는 유기질비료 320점을 조사하였다. 유기질비료의 질소전량, 인산전량, 칼리전량 함량은 각각 4.9, 2.8, 1.7%로 나타났다. 유기물, 염분농도, 수분의 평균함량은 혼합유박에서 각각 77.0%, 11.5%, 0.3% 이었고, 혼합유기질비료에서 각각 72.3%, 11.7%, 0.5%으로 비종간에 유사하게 나타났다. 그리고 수은, 크롬, 구리, 니켈, 아연함량은 비료공정규격에서 제시된 기준치 미만으로 검출되어 공정규격에 적합한 것으로 조사되었다. 그리고, 작물의 균형적인 양분의 흡수를 촉진하기 위해서 유기질비료 중에서 비료성분함량이 가장 낮은 총칼리 성분함량을 작물의 비료요구량 비율에 맞도록 조절이 필요하며, 평균적으로 3.2%까지 증가할 필요가 있다고 판단된다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.417-425
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• 2013

This study investigated the runoff from rice paddy located on reclaimed fine sandy loam soil to provide data for the development of policies to protect water quality of estuaries. Total N (TN), Total P (TP) concentrations and runoff loads at outlet were monitored from 2006 to 2008. Soil phosphate adsorptivity was measured and compared with typical paddy soil in watersheds. TP concentration of the paddy water and TP runoff loads were much greater than those of typical paddy field in watershed because phosphate adsoptivity in reclaimed paddy field of fine sandy loam appeared to be a third of those of typical paddy soils by relatively low soil OM and high sand content of the reclaimed soil. Thus, nutrient runoff, particularly phosphate from the reclaimed paddy field needs to be managed more thoroughly to protect estuarine water quality.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.522-536
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• 2016

Fluorine is unique chemical element which occurs naturally, but is not an essential nutrient for plants. Fluoride toxicity can arise due to excessive fluoride intake from a variety of natural or manmade sources. Fluoride is phytotoxic to most plants. Plants which are sensitive for fluorine exposure even low concentrations of fluorine can cause leave damage and a decline in growth. All vegetation contains some fluoride absorbed from soil and water. The highest levels of F in field-grown vegetables are found up to $40mg\;kg^{-1}$ fresh weight although fluoride is relatively immobile and is not easily leached in soil because most of the fluoride was not readily soluble or exchangeable. Also, high concentrations of fluoride primarily associated with the soil colloid or clay fraction can increase fluoride levels in soil solution, increasing uptake via the plant root. In soils more than 90 percent of the natural fluoride ranging from 20 to $1,000{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$ is insoluble, or tightly bound to soil particles. The excess accumulation of fluorides in vegetation leads to visible leaf injury, damage to fruits, changes in the yield. The amount of fluoride taken up by plants depending on the type of plant, the nature of the soil, and the amount and form of fluoride in the soil should be controlled. Conclusively, fluoride is possible and long-term pollution effects on plant growth through accumulation of the fluoride retained in the soil.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.170-175
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• 2008

오이 관비재배용으로 개발된 배양액의 적합성 여부를 판정하기 위해 관행 시비, 개발 관비용 배양액 및 Yamasaki 오이 배양액에 따른 토성의 화학성 변화, 생육 특성 및 과실 수량을 조사하였다. 잎의 광합성 및 증산율은 정식 48일째에는 개발 배양액 중 3/2배액과 Yamasaki오이 배양액 중 1/2 배액에서 높았으나 관행시비와 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 그러나 생육 후기에는 광합성은 개발 및 Yamasaki 오이 배양액 모두 3/2배액에서 높았고 관행시비와 큰 차이를 나타냈으나, 증산율은 개발 배양액의 3/2배액과 Yamasaki오이 배양액의 1/2과 1배액에서 높았고 관행시비와 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 그리고 오이 생장량과 과실수량은 관행시비보다 개발 배양액과 Yamasaki 오이 배양액에서 좋았고 두 배양액간에는 뚜렷한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 잎의 무기성분도 Ca를 제외하고 유사한 경향이었다. 처리 전 토양과 비교하여 pH는 모든 배양액에서 낮아지고, EC는 다소 상승하는 경향이었고, P K, Ca 및 Mg의 축적 정도는 고농도로 급액할수록 큰 경향이었다. 따라서 개발된 배양액은 오이 관비재배용으로 적합한 것으로 생각된다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.176-185
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• 2016

This research was conducted to evaluate various levels of dolomitic lime incorporated as pre-planting fertilizers on the growth of red-leaf lettuce. To achieve this, three root media were formulated by mixing coir dust with expanded rice hull (CD+ERH, 8:2, v/v), carbonized rice hull (CD+CRH, 6:4, v/v), and ground pine bark (CD+GRPB, 6:4, v/v). During formulation, equal amounts of essential nutrients, except dolomitic lime, were incorporated into all root media and the levels of dolomitic lime were varied from 0 to $7.5g\;L^{-1}$ at 1.5 g increments. Seedlings of red-leaf lettuces at the 3rd leaf stage were transplanted into each medium treatment. Crop growths were measured 5 weeks after transplant and soil solutions were collected every week and analyzed for pH, EC, and nutrient concentrations. The treatments showing the heaviest fresh and dry weights in CD+ERH, CD+CRH, and CD+GRPB were 4.5 g, 4.5 g, and $7.5g\;L^{-1}$ of dolomite, respectively. The pHs of three root media yielding the highest crop growths were in the ranges of 6.4 to 7.1. These ECs in CD+CRH medium were around $1.0dS\;m^{-1}$ higher than those of CD+ERH and CD+GRPB when application rates of dolomitic lime were equal. $K^+$ concentrations were higher than $Ca^{+2}$ and $Mg^{+2}$ concentrations until week 2 in three root media. But $Ca^{+2}$ and $Mg^{+2}$ concentrations were higher than $K^+$ concentrations after week 3 in all root media. The concentrations of $PO_4{^{-3}}$ in all root media got abruptly lower until week 2. These results indicate that appropriate levels of dolomitic lime, as pre-planting nutrient charge fertilizers in CD+ERH and CD+GRPB media, are 4.5 and $7.5g\;L^{-1}$, respectively.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제89권1호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2000

전남 순천시 모후산지역의 순천대학교 연습림에 식재되어 있는 6, 9, 14, 20년생 등 4개 편백 유령 임분을 대상으로 줄기의 목질부, 수피, 가지, 고사지, 잎, 뿌리 등 임목 각 기관의 물질생산과 N, P, K, Ca, Mg 등의 무기양료 분배를 조사분석하였다. 편백림은 경사도, 토양수분, 토양의 화학적 특성 등의 지형 및 토양 조건에 따라 흉고직경과 수고 성장에 큰 차이가 있었다. 경사가 완만하고 토양조건이 양호한 14년생과 20년생 임분의 임목 전체 현존량은 각각 96.2, 145.0t/ha이었으며, 순생산량은 각각 22.4, 23.5t/ha/yr이었다. 경사가 급하고 토양조건이 불량한 6년생과 9년생 임분의 현존량은 각각 0.7, 14.0t/ha이었으며, 순생산량은 각각 0.3, 4.7t/ha/yr이었다. 임령이 많아짐에 따라 축적기관인 줄기의 목질부와 가지의 현존량과 순생산량 구성비는 증가하는 반면, 생산기관인 잎의 현존량과 순생산량 구성비, 뿌리의 현존량 구성비는 감소하는 경향을 보임으로써, 임령에 따라 물질생산 분배에 차이가 있었다. 무기양료의 농도는 N, P, K, Mg는 잎이 가장 높았으며, Ca의 경우 수피가 가장 높았다. 임령이 많아짐에 따라 수피, 가지, 고사지, 뿌리의 N 농도와 가지의 K 농도는 감소하는 반면, 수피의 Ca 농도는 증가하였다. 임목 전체의 무기양료 함량은 N, K, Ca, Mg, P의 순으로 많은 경향이었으며, 온대 침엽수림의 평균치에 비하여 K 함량은 높은 반면, Ca 함량이 낮은 특성을 보였다.