• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.194-200
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• 2016

Background: The influence of sociocultural factors on human reliability within an open sociotechnical systems is highlighted. The design of such systems is enhanced by experience feedback. Methods: The study was focused on a survey related to the observation of working cases, and by processing of incident/accident statistics and semistructured interviews in the qualitative part. In order to consolidate the study approach, we considered a schedule for the purpose of standard statistical measurements. We tried to be unbiased by supporting an exhaustive list of all worker categories including age, sex, educational level, prescribed task, accountability level, etc. The survey was reinforced by a schedule distributed to 300 workers belonging to two oil companies. This schedule comprises 30 items related to six main factors that influence human reliability. Results: Qualitative observations and schedule data processing had shown that the sociocultural factors can negatively and positively influence operator behaviors. Conclusion: The explored sociocultural factors influence the human reliability both in qualitative and quantitative manners. The proposed model shows how reliability can be enhanced by some measures such as experience feedback based on, for example, safety improvements, training, and information. With that is added the continuous systems improvements to improve sociocultural reality and to reduce negative behaviors.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.17-29
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to identify the needs of marriage education programs for multicultural couples based on their socio-demographic characteristics. A total of 816 multicultural families (247 Korean husbands and 569 foreign wives) were recruited through 99 Multicultural Family Support Centers across Korea. Descriptive statistics and multiple regressions were conducted. The program needs that were relatively higher than other areas included the need to develop education on "understanding the culture and language of partner," "increased intimacy of the couple," "multicultural awareness," and "set goals for life." We also found that each participant's gender, foreign wife's country of origin, participant's education level, and marriage duration were significantly related to the needs of marriage education programs. These findings suggest that family life education for multicultural couples should be based on the characteristics of the program participants such as socio-demographic characteristics and family life cycle instead of providing a universal program for all multicultural couples.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.69-80
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• 2011

Objectives: This study aims to identify the factors associated with colorectal cancer screening behaviors. Methods: The nation-wide representative samples of 2,928 adults aged ${\geq}50$ years for colorectal cancer screening were derived from the fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV). This study investigated socio-demographic, health behavioral and contextual factors associated with colorectal cancer screening using descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: In terms of socio-demographic factors, gender, age, marital status, occupation, monthly income, and resident region were significantly different between screening group and non-screening group. Among health behavioral and contextual factors, regular physical checkup, weight control, physical activity, smoking, drinking and having other cancers were significantly different. From the multivariate logistic regression analysis, marital status, education level, regular physical checkup and weight control were associated with colorectal cancer screening behavior. Conclusions: It is necessary to understand the importance of early detection and cancer screening. Appropriate health education and active promotion about the cancer screening should be developed based on the study findings in order to motivate people to have cancer screening. Also, these findings should be reflected in the health policy.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.139-148
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors affecting the unmet dental needs of Koreans. In relation to the subjects and methodology for this study, the data from the 5th national health nutrition survey which had been conducted between 2010 and 2012 were analyzed by using the PASW statistics 18.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), a statistical program, through the frequency analysis of complex samples, cross analysis of complex samples, and logistics regression analysis of complex samples. The results of analysis showed that the rate of unmet dental needs stood at 35.3% of all subjects. Moreover, to determine the factors related to the unmet dental needs, the logistics regression analysis of complex samples was conducted. The results of analysis showed that the demographic and socio-economic factors and oral health condition factors had relationship with unmet dental needs. It is necessary to consider all the objective dental treatments that reflect specific dental diagnosis from a comprehensive standpoint.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.331-338
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was done to identify differences in the life transition process of parents caring for children with autism according to parents' socio-demographic characteristics. Methods: Participants were 194 parents caring for children with autism. Data were collected from December 2013 to February 2014 through self-report questionnaires, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA with SPSS/WIN 20.0. Results: Mean scores for despairing or accepting phases were higher than those for denying or wandering phases in the life transition process. According to parents' gender, educational level, and job, there were some significant differences in the denying and wandering phases. Differences in denying phase by education (p=.033), job (p=.004) were significant. Respondents with higher educational level, and having a job showed a lower level of denying than other respondents. Wandering phase differed significantly by gender (p=.009) and job (p=.001). Mothers and those who did not have a job showed a higher level of wandering than fathers and those who had a job. However, there was no difference in the despairing or accepting phases. Conclusion: The life transition phase of parents with autistic children needs to be assessed to provide differentiated and intensive support program and help them move to the accepting phase.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.371-380
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• 2020

Objectives: This study investigated the effects of socio-demographic factors on the decreasing trend in the sex ratio at birth from 1997 to 2017 in Korea. Methods: Data from 10 349 602 live births registered with Statistics Korea from 1997 to 2017 were analyzed. The secondary sex ratio (SSR), defined as the ratio of male to female live births, during the study period (1997-1999 [phase I], 2000-2002 [phase II], 2003-2005 [phase III], 2006-2008 [phase IV], 2009-2011 [phase V], 2012-2014 [phase VI], and 2015-2017 [phase VII]) was calculated according to selected socio-demographic factors, such as parental age, education, occupation, and birth order. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals for a male birth after adjusting for potential confounders. Results: The SSR gradually decreased from 1.10 (in 1998-2000 and 2002) to 1.05 (in 2013-2016). While a decreasing trend in the SSR was not noted among first births, male-biased sex ratios were prominent among third and higher-order births, for which the highest SSR was 1.46 in 1998. Higher birth order was significantly associated with an excess of male births in phases I-VI (≥third vs. first, OR range, 1.03 to 1.35). Advanced maternal age was significantly associated with an excess of female births in phases II, III, and V (≥40 vs. 20-24 years, OR range, 0.92 to 0.95). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that advanced maternal age and reduction of the artificially-biased SSR among third and higher-order births may partially explain the decreasing trend in the SSR from 1997 to 2017 in Korea.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2013

2012년말 기준으로 우리나라는 모바일 통신가입자가 5,500여만명에 이르고 이 중 97.3%의 가입자가 휴대폰 특히 스마트폰을 이용하여 모바일 통신을 이용하는 것으로 조사되었다. 2010년 150만명 수준의 스마트폰 가입자가 3년 만에 무려 20배이상 증가하는 급격한 시장의 변화가 나타난 것이다. 이와 같은 통신환경 변화의 구체적인 모습을 사회기술적 관점에서 살펴보기 위하여 본 논문은 2010년부터 2012년까지 3개년 간의 전자신문기사를 분석하였다. 발췌된 기사는 모두 11,156건으로, 이 기사에 등장하는 모바일 통신환경과 관련된 핵심 단어는 모두 5,119개 였다. 이렇게 추출한 핵심단어가 발췌된 기사에 등장하는 빈도분석 결과를 바탕으로 살펴본 우리나라 모바일 통신환경은 기술중심적 양적팽창에만 집중되는 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서 사회적 관점의 변화와 그로 인한 부정적 결과가 많은 문제점을 발생시키는 것으로 조사되었다. 보다 건전한 통신환경 구축을 위한 정책 및 기업들의 전략 변화가 요구되는 시점이며, 이를 위해서는 성숙기에 접어든 우리나라 통신환경을 사회기술적 관점에서 접근해야 할 필요성이 있다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.315-324
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• 2019

본 연구는 다문화가족 청소년의 인구사회학적 요인, 심리적 요인과 사회관계적 요인이 자살생각에 미치는 영향력을 파악하고자 시도되었다. 연구대상은 186명의 다문화가족 청소년으로 자료분석은 SPSS 23. 프로그램에 의해 기술통계, 상관관계와 회귀분석을 사용하였다. 연구결과를 보면 첫째, 자존감이 3.40으로 가장 높게 나타났으며 무망감이 3.34, 차별경험 3.14, 학교폭력경험 2.78, 자살생각이 1.98 등으로 나타났다. 둘째, 자살생각에 자존감을 제외한 모든 변인이 유의미한 정적상관계를 보였다. 셋째, 다문화가족 청소년의 자살생각에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 요인은 무망감이 높을수록, 우울이 높을수록, 스트레스가 높을수록, 학교폭력 피해경험이 많은수록, 차별경험이 높을수록 자살생각은 높게 나타났다. 본 연구는 다문화가족 청소년의 자살생각에 영향을 미치는 요인들 중 무망감을 비롯한 심리적 요인과 학교폭력 피해경험과 차별경험 등 사회관계적 요인의 중요성을 보여주었으며 결과적으로 다문화가족 청소년의 자살생각을 예방하고 감소시키기 위한 개입프로그램 개발에 대한 기초자료를 제공하였다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.164-171
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• 2023

Objectives: Sarcopenia has emerged as a significant aging-related disease that affects many facets of societal-level and patient-level public health. This study analysed knowledge of sarcopenia and associated socio-demographic factors among the general public of Malaysia in order to effectively improve its prevention and countermeasures. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in Selangor, Malaysia, using Google Forms among 202 Malaysian adults from January 1, 2021 to March 31, 2021. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the socio-demographic characteristics and knowledge scores. The continuous variables were evaluated using the independent t-test, Mann-Whitney test, and one-way analysis of variance test. The Spearman correlation coefficient was employed to determine the correlation between socio-demographic characteristics and knowledge score levels. Results: The final analysis included 202 participants. The mean±standard deviation age was 49.03±12.65. Only 6.9% of participants had good knowledge of sarcopenia and were aware of sarcopenia's characteristics, consequences, and treatments. Post-hoc comparisons using the Dunnett T3 test showed statistical significance in mean knowledge score and age group (p=0.011) and education level (p≤0.001). The Mann-Whitney test revealed that gender (p=0.026) and current smoking status (p=0.023) significantly influenced knowledge scores. Conclusions: The general public's knowledge of sarcopenia was found to be poor to moderate and associated with age and education status. Therefore, education and interventions by policymakers and healthcare professionals to improve public knowledge of sarcopenia in Malaysia are needed.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.168-174
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• 2010

South Korea's industrial injuries are decreasing overall in the last 32 years. Nevertheless, the fatal occupational injury rate is still higher than in developed countries. This study was conducted to help prevention strategies of occupational injuries for the Republic of Korea. Fatal occupational injury rates were obtained from "Industrial Accident Analysis"of the Korean Ministry of Labor. Poisson regression was used to assess time trends. Socioeconomic indicators were obtained from the Korea Labor Institute and the Statistics Korea. Fatal occupational injury rates were adjusted by year, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between the socio-economic indicators and occupational injuries. In 1975, fatal occupational injury rate was 54.8 per 100,000 workers. With somewhat up and down, it was decreased to 21.0 in 2006. An annual rate of change for the years 1975-2006 was - 1.83%, and for the years 2002-2006 was -5.02%. As economic growth rate, paricipation rate for the age less than 25 and hours of work per week or year increased, fatal occupational injury rate also increased. Conversely, as GDP per capita, paricipation rate or employment rate for female, paricipation rate for the age 25 or more, hourly compensation costs for production workers and services output as percent of GDP increased, fatal occupational injury rate decreased. By the development of safety techniques and the adoption of more legislative constraints, developed economy reduce occupational injuries. Conversely, economic growth may raise occupational injuries. Therefore, prevention strategies are needed to manage both of them. We need to make an effort to prevent occupational injuries due to not only sexual differences, but also job differences between male and female. Preventive strategies are needed to consider the characteristics of younger workers. Addition to wage, other appropriate variables for work condition should be considered together. Extending work hours is need to be regulated with systemic methods.