• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.59-68
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• 2007

Online games are getting more popular among today's fun-seeking young students. The immersive power of these Internet-based games is so strong that many educators consider the integration of the games and learning to enhance learner motivation. However, the online games, which are primarily aiming g for 'fun', have cognitive, emotional, and social features and impacts that are different from the so-called 'educational' games. Therefore an interdisciplinary approach for better understanding of the online game in regard to its impact on learning and fun should be essential. In this study, the researcher will analyze relevant literature and theories from cognitive psychology, media and communication theory, and Ludology to grasp holistic understanding of online game phenomena, which will serve as basis of further research and development in this emerging area.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.3 s.63
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• pp.43-54
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• 2005

Backgrounds : Many people think that ski disease has littel influence on the quality of life in patient, but various studios show that skin disease may produce a range of impacts on QOL. Nevertheless, there is much to be learned about the association between the duality of life and skin disease in the area of Oriental dermatology. Objectives : This study was conducted fe investigate the impact of the various skin diseases on QOL and explore prognostic factors that influence outcomes. Methods : 103 patients were recruited who filled out more than $90\%$ of the skindex-29 questionnaire. The function of sum scores and three domain scores with each skin disease were investigated, as well as the correlation of each domain scores. Results : The disease with the lowest qualify of life was atopic dermatitis. followed by eczematous dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis and acne vulgaris in order. The sum scales showed significant correlation with three domain scores in atopic dermatitis, urticaria, allergodermia, acne vulgaris, psoriasis and seborrheic dermatitis, The correlation of all three domain scores was significant in atopic dermatitis, urticaria, allergodermia, and psoriasis. Conclusions : Tn this study, skin disease affects the quality of life in physical, social, and psychological factors- Thus, we must consider the quality of life as well as clinical severity inpatients with skin disease.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.419-429
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• 2017

This study examined the moderating effects of gender on the effects of anxiety and depression on college students' smartphone addiction. For this purpose, 331 students in Gyeonggi province were conducted a survey, and a structural equation modeling was used. The results showed that female had higher levels of anxiety, depression, and smartphone addiction than male. Second, the analysis of structural equation modeling to investigate the effect of anxiety and depression on smartphone addiction revealed that depression affects smartphone addiction. Third, gender had a moderating effect on the effects of anxiety and depression on smartphone addiction. Anxiety affected male, while depression worked on female. Based on the results of this study, it was discussed that different approaches are needed depending on gender in preventing and intervention for smartphone addiction.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2015

Population growth and increasing consumption of resources in the process of the industrial development has caused environmental pollution, climate change, and resource exhaustion. Therefore 'sustainable development' has become the important issue for the future. The sustainable development aims at effective resource use, less environmental impacts, and higher social security. Generally the rural area including agricultural fields and forest has various and plentiful natural resources which could make future development sustainable. To develop potential rural resources, the values for energy, environment and economy should be assessed considering the life-cycle of resources. The purposes of this study are to suggest the E3 (Energy, Environment, and Economy) assessment model for rural biomass considering life-cycle of resource and to apply the model to rice, the major agricultural product. As the results of this study, it turned out through E3 assessment that economic gain of rice cultivation is 578,374 won/10a, carbon absorption is $1,530kgCO_2/10a$, carbon emission is $926.65kgCO_2/10a$, and bio-energy potential of by-product is 394,028 kcal/10a. When E3 assessment was applied to by province, the results varied by regions because of the amount of input during cultivation. These results would be useful to realize the rural biomass and design regional resources plan in integrated E3 perspective.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.124-140
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• 2016

Using the Korea Labor Institute Panel Study(KLIPS), this study investigates the impacts of water pollution on life satisfaction in Korea. Panel random-effects ordered probit model is used to consider the ordered property of life satisfaction data and heterogeneity of panel data. The proxy variables to reflect the degree of water pollution are biochemical oxygen demand(BOD) and total phosphorus(TP). In addition to the environmental variables above, other determinants used in various studies on life satisfaction such as economic, social, and demographic characteristics are included. Estimation results show that water pollution is negative and significant for life satisfaction. Other indicators such as income, age, house ownership, gender, education are positively related while urban residence and own business are shown to be negatively related.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.63-74
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• 2010

Recently, there has been increasing demand from academic society in Korea for the improvement of current traffic congestion cost estimation methods. The purpose of this study is to suggest a better way to estimate congestion cost followed by in-depth review regarding traffic congestion. The key improvements proposed in this study include: 1) adding social externality to congestion cost, 2) integrating the green house and environmental pollution impacts with congestion costs, 3) taking non-recurrent traffic congestion costs into account for the assessment, 4) revising the criteria to determining the level of traffic congestion speed, and 5) deciding how to limit congestion measurement period. It is found meaningful that the improvements, notwithstanding difficulties in their real case application, provide invaluable insights in our efforts to change the meaning of congestion cost in an era of sustainable growth.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.915-961
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• 2010

This study is concerned with health damages from $SO_2$ under different assumptions on the relationship between air concentrations and their marginal health impacts. $SO_2$ concentration profiles resulting under emission caps, and a system of tradable emission allowances are compared. Using slopes and curvatures of the health response function consistent with evidence in medical literature, emission caps are shown to lead to lower aggregate damages under all considered parameters, an advantage of $26~452 million. The benefit of emission caps over tradable allowances increases with the curvature of the response function, but falls with its slope. The advantage of emission caps in terms of environmental damages is never overturned completely for the considered functional forms. The marginal damage function would have to be steeper than what the current medical evidence suggests for price instruments to outperform emission caps in terms of aggregate damages. With other welfare consequences included-emission abatement costs, consumer and producer surpluses, and government revenue-emission caps always lead to a $3.7~4.1 billion greater measure of social welfare.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.25-32
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• 2014

Today, there is a growing need of environment-friendly buildings, so-called 'green', facilities, and energy saving buildings to decrease environmental pollutants released into cities by construction activities. Green-Building Information Modeling (Green-BIM) is a purpose-built solution which supports to forecast energy consumption of 3-D model of a building by augmenting its primary 3-D measurements (width, height and depth) with many more dimensions (e.g. time, costs, social impacts and environmental consequences) throughout a series of sequential phases in the lifecycle of a building. The current study was carried out in order to integrate vegetation systems (particularly green roof and green wall systems) and investigate thermal performance of the new Sainsbury's building which will be built on Melton road, Leicester, United Kingdom. Within this scope, a 3-D building model of the news Sainsbury's building was first developed in $Autodesk^{(R)}$ $Revit^{(R)}$ and this model was then simulated in $Autodesk^{(R)}$ $Ecotect^{(R)}$once weather data of the construction site was obtained from $Autodesk^{(R)}$ Green Building $Studio^{(R)}$. This study primarily analyzed data from (1) solar radiation, (2) heat gains and losses, and (3) heating and cooling loads simulation to evaluate thermal performance of the building integrated with vegetation system or conventionally available envelops. The results showed that building integrated vegetation system can potentially reduce internal solar gains on the building rooftops by creating a 'bioshade'. Heat gains and losses through roofs and walls were markedly diminished by offering greater insulation on the building. Annual energy loads for heating and cooling were significantly reduced by vegetation more significantly through the green roof system in comparison to green wall system.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.915-922
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• 2017

Demand Response Market (DR Market) has risen as one of the key solutions to address the growth and fluctuation of electricity consumptions. In Korea, DR market has been in operation since 2014, where the focus has been mainly on large-scale loads. Small-scale DR market, however, is becoming increasingly important because small power consumers' contribution to the national power consumption has been increasing and because small loads tend to show large fluctuations. Furthermore, small-scale DR can improve social awareness on energy issues which can bring additional impacts. In this paper, we provide the findings from a small-scale consumer DR pilot. The pilot was conducted in the summer of 2016 on over 5,000 small-scale users in Korea, and smartphone applications were used in the pilot. The effectiveness of small-scale DR Market is analyzed and addressed, and the results indicate a promising future of small-scale DR Market.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.192-205
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• 2012

This study estimates how much climate variables affect the land price and acreage of rice paddy and dry farm field in agriculture with the case of Gangwon-do in Korea. To this end, we capitalize upon the Ricardian approach based upon the panel data on climate, soil and geography, farmland prices and acreage, other economic and social variables for 11 municipal units comprising Gangwon-do during the period of 1992-2010. Our empirical analysis shows that the temperature variable has negative economic impacts on the price and acreage of rice paddy and dry farm field, confirming that the temperature variable is much significant than that of precipitation in global warming. On the other hand, the other determinants of farmland price and acreage are different with the type of farmland in Gangwon-do.