• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.727-739
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• 2021

Over the past decades, the Jordanian government has made great efforts to help poor women start small businesses by providing microcredit and facilitating financial services. Although in Jordan almost hundreds of thousands of women have the ability to contribute more fully to their economy, they are reluctant to do so. Women's participation in economic activities in 2016 was only 13.2%, while the unemployment rate for Jordanian women was 24.1%. The decline in women's participation in small business management has gradually become an important issue following the trial of more than 13,000 Jordanian women for non-payment of their micro-loans. This study aims to identify the factors that hinder Jordanian women from achieving job stability. In this qualitative study, a semi-structured interview method with sixteen open-ended questions was used to collect relevant data. A purposeful sampling method is also used to select participants. To analyze the data, this study used NVivo 11 software as a method. Using System Theory, this study showed that women's failure depends on three factors: women entrepreneurs, the environment around women entrepreneurs, and micro-financial institutions. Findings of this study suggest that strengthen women's entrepreneurship sustainability and minimize the risk of failure should be done through integrated strategies include these three domains.

• 국제지역연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.157-204
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• 2015

본 논문은 사회혁신기업 (주)향기내는사람들의 사례를 통해 기업 내외부적 요인들이 지속가능성을 결정하는 관계를 고찰하였다. 이를 통하여 우리는 사회혁신기업의 지속가능성의 구성요소와 결정요소에 관한 다음과 같은 몇 가지 사실 및 경영 정책 함의를 도출할 수 있다. 우선 첫째, 기업가정신은 사회혁신기업의 생존과 성장을 위해 필수적이다. 기업가정신을 발휘하여 사회혁신 기업가는 상충관계에 있는 경제적 가치와 사회적 가치가 유기적으로 상호작용하여 새로운 시장기회를 창출할 수 있도록 효과적으로 관리해야 한다. 둘째, 일반 기업과 동일하게 사회혁신기업 역시 경쟁우위 자원이 중요하다. 기회를 활용하고 위험요소를 피하는데 유용한 자원, 타기업은 보유하지 못한 희소한 자원, 경쟁기업들이 모방하기 어려운 자원, 그리고 이들 자원을 충분히 활용할 수 있는 조직능력은 사회혁신기업의 경제적 목표를 달성하는데 필수적이다. 이렇게 달성된 경제적 목표는 사회혁신기업의 재정자립을 낳고, 사회적 목표를 균형적으로 모색할 수 있게 돕는다. 셋째, 신제품 및 서비스를 꾸준히 개발하고, 신시장을 개척하며, 시장의 기회를 민첩하게 포착하고, 능력을 갖춘 채 위험을 감수하는 기업가정신으로 무장한 사회혁신기업은 경쟁우위 자원을 충분히 활용할 수 있을 때 경제적 목표와 사회적 목표를 균형적으로 추구할 수 있다. 이 과정에서 정부나 지자체의 재정지원은 사회혁신기업의 지속가능성을 보장해주지 못한다. 또한 조직에 대한 비전 및 가치관 공유(개인-조직 적합성)는 조직몰입과 연계될 수 있을 때 비로소 사회혁신기업의 지속가능성을 보장해줄 수 있다.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.117-125
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• 2010

Entering into the 21th century, the whole world is facing the various problems such as environmental disruption, resource exhaustion, and social isolation due to the consequences of population growth and economic development. Especially, as the world population is aging, the solutions for these problems are being suggested with a new paradigm of environmental design for sustainable society providing more affluent and safer life for them. Aging societies are experiencing the difficulty in pursuing persistent vitality of life when aged population is socially excluded, and communities are stagnant due to the decrease of economic activities. In other words, those factors are causing the problems of social sustainability associated with the vital duration of local society and communities. In order to develop successful environment for aging society, it is necessary for us to precisely review how advanced countries are changing their directions. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine current trends of the aging friendly environment and find out the measures to promote social sustainability under the crisis of aging society. For this purpose, using qualitative methods, this study analyzed the contents presented at a professional conference , that showed current trends clearly, into three dimensions of social sustainability; the social integration of senior living communities with local society, the vitality of the communities, and the invigoration of individual senior lives. As a result, this study found that the measures that attempt to enhance the social sustainability of aging population can be also used to invigorate the communities.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to provide the conservation management direction about cultural landscape of the traditional villages in the area of Huizhou through the importance-performance analysis. The results of the survey on the importance - performance of 261 people who had many visits to various cultural landscapes of Huizhou villages such as Hongchun, Sidichun etc. are as follows. It was appeared that the item of 'good air' is the highest level of importance and satisfaction and is best condition. The item of 'historical conservation' is the high level of importance, but the level of satisfaction is low, so continuous improvement is necessary. The item of 'Old garden conservation' has high satisfaction but low importance, so it needs to improve its importance through subsequent improvement. The item of 'Keeping of old cemetary and old tower' has low importance and satisfaction but it is above average, so continuous maintenance is needed. The items of 'Preservation of stone gate' and 'Preservation of famous man's birth house' all have slightly higher satisfaction and lower importance. Both items are highly satisfied with their importance, so they should avoid excessive efforts and maintain the present status. Satisfaction with the item of 'water environment and water quality' was the lowest, and the problem of the present condition is the most serious, and a major improvement is needed. The importance and satisfaction of 'Commercial development of old villages' was the lowest among all items. This item is causing serious problems and should provide an overall improvement way to drastically improve the importance and satisfaction. Concentration is necessary to improve the environment of the whole villages, to protect the ecological plants and animals in old villages, to transfer and improve the culture of old villages, to maintain sustainability of the villages, and to protect old temple and old rock in old villages. As the level of satisfaction with sustainability is the lowest in the part of 'Concentrate here', there is a great concern about sustainability. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on sustainability and concentrate on sustainable development.

• 한국시스템다이내믹스연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.133-157
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• 2012

This paper aims to propose the strategy making in social enterprise for ensuring organizational sustainability and governance of social enterprise from systems thinking's perspective. Based on previous reviews on organizational sustainability and theories of governance currently advocated in the social enterprise literature, we use 'Holon Dynamics' approach, which is a synthesis of System Dynamics and Soft Systems Methodology (SSM), offers the problem-solving method for dealing with social contexts and "ill-defined" situations. To do so, a researcher carried out the interpretive action research using 'Holon Dynamics' approach from September, 2009 to August, 2010. The outcomes of research are summarized as follows. Firstly, systems methodologies are useful to offer a strategic choice that makes to achieve an organizational sustainability in the case of Korean social enterprise; 'the Rediscovery of Korea'. Secondly, systems thinking offers an alternative concept of system, which is known as an 'appreciative system' that is evolved from the mental constructs amongst participants in given situations. Lastly, the paper delineates the usefulness of systems thinking and the process of inquiry, which deal with social contexts (including cultural and political factors), are contributed to making the necessary conditions for organizational legitimacy and the appropriate strategic choice for social enterprise within combined functioning of the two roles of social and commercial activities from systemic perspectives.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권12호
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• pp.731-738
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• 2020

Though their activities, companies have an impact on environmental problems and nature conservation. The accounting sector can play a role in environmental conservation efforts related to environmental costs, and the implemention of the Corporate Sustainability Management System (CSMS) could be a key factor that can improve the company's financial performance. This study aims to determine how green accounting through the application of CSMS can improve the financial performance of manufacturing companies in Indonesia, a developing country. The sampling method used was purposive sampling, while the research sample consisted of 38 companies that had followed PROPER and were indexed on the IDX. Data were analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method known as the Partial Least Square (PLS) method. The results of this study indicate that manufacturing companies in Indonesia are able to implement green accounting by allocating appropriate environmental costs by earmarking a portion to carry CSMS implementation so as to improve financial performance. People in Indonesia consider that manufacturing companies that have good company rankings in the evaluation program for company performance ratings in environmental management run by the Indonesian Ministry of Environment are in a position to generate customer loyalty, especially in financial performance.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.111-124
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• 2014

Decentralized water supply systems, treating the water in users'vicinity, cutting down the distribution system, utilizing the alternative water resources(rainwater harvesting, water reclamation and reuse and so on.) and saving energy and other resources, could be categorized into POU(Point-Of-Use), POE(Point-Of-Entry) and community small scale system. From the literature review, we could thought that decentralized water supply system and hybrid system(integrating centralized and decentralized water supply system within urban water management) might have strengthening comparative advantages to centralized system with respect to: (1) water security, (2) sustainability, (3) economical affordability. Even though it is difficult to derive and quantify direct benefit advantages from decentralized and hybrid system in comparison with centralized system, (1) operational cost reduction, (2) assurance for safe and stability water supply and (3) greenhouse gas reduction can be expected from successful establishment of the former.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.659-670
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• 2018

The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) confronts industrial manufactures with economic, ecological, as well as social benefits and challenges, referring to the Triple Bottom Line of sustainability. So far, research has mainly investigated its dimensions in isolation or economic aspects have not been compared with ecological and social perspectives. Further, research misses studies that are devoted to the special characteristics and requirements of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs). This study aims to contribute to close this research gap, providing a research context that encompasses all three dimensions of sustainability. The results are based on data obtained from 329 SMEs, 222 in Germany and 107 in China, therefore allowing for a comparison of the concepts "Industrie 4.0" and "Made in China 2025" in the context of SMEs. In general, German SMEs expect a lower impact through "Industrie 4.0", perceiving the concept as more beneficial for larger enterprises. We further find that Chinese SMEs foremost see social benefits. Challenges whilst introducing "Industrie 4.0"by German SMEs as well as several frame conditions are perceived more relevant than for "Made in China 2025", as seen by Chinese SMEs. The paper closes with implications for research and practice based on these findings.

• Architectural research
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to research and development of 'Korea B(Benefit)-impact Model' for Sustainable Development. A concept evaluation model is 'B(Benefit)-impact model' in U.S.A. We use the results of surveys that examined the importance of social value issues to stakeholders in Korea to implement the benefit-impact model in Korea. In particular, in this paper, we use the KSI(Korean Sustainability Index) survey data conducted by the Korea Standards Association to evaluate the social value of the construction industry for representative stakeholders in the construction industry. The social value pool and the activity indicator pool used for the survey are created based on relevant International Standards; ISO 26000, ISO 14001, ISO 37001. As a result, Korea B-impact model for construction industry included the following five core social value issues; Strengthen transparency of corporate management, Ensure fair employment and employment relations, Efforts to prevent corruption, Conduct fair competition, Efforts to prevent environmental pollution. In addition, the US B-impact model has three limitations. First, it is unclear whether the key indicators have been derived while considering all issues of social value. Second, US B-impact model indicators are developed by the social responsibility experts, so it is necessary to review by stakeholders in each industry. Finally, it would be more effective for companies to use the B-impact model index as a more detailed activity indicator. When developing a Korea B-impact model, the following methods are used to supplement it. First, we reviewed all social value issues using international standards. Secondly, we used the KSI(Korean Sustainability index) survey results to derive the importance of the social value issue of construction industry in Korea. Finally, we have clearly matched the activity indicators by social value core issues based on the GRI Standard so that companies can actually use the Korea B-impact model for the construction sector. The detailed development stages and results of this study are as follows;.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to draw out objective bases for selecting various applicable facilities in case of the establishment of rainwater management strategies. To do so, sixteen facilities were selected from decentralized rainwater management systems that induce rainwater infiltration and detention as well as centralized end-of-pipe type infiltration and detention facilities in local areas. With these facilities, it attempted to evaluate them in terms of sustainability, pollutant elimination, flood control capacity and costs and subsequently analyzed correlations between each characteristic. The outcomes of the analysis were as follows: First was the analysis of characteristics between decentralized rainwater management systems and end-of-pipe rainwater management systems. From the decentralized rainwater management systems, the mulden-rigolen system and grass swale at street level had the highest in the total of the four items while the totals of the underground detention tank and temporary detention site were highest in end-of-pipe rainwater management systems. After analyzing the correlation between different types of facilities and each variable, it can be said that decentralized rainwater management systems have a higher correlation than end-of-pipe rainwater management systems in terms of sustainability whereas the latter are better in flood control capacity than the former. Second, the analysis of correlation in variables of each facility is as follows: first, there is a negative correlation between sustainability value and flood control capacity value; and there is a positive correlation between flood control capability and pollutants elimination. In addition, it revealed that the higher the flood control and pollutant elimination capability the higher the facility costs. Based on these assessments, it is possible to use them as objective selection criteria for facility application in case of site development project or complex plan.