• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.24-33
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• 2005

Purpose: This cross-sectional study was to find out smoking condition, smoking related knowledge and attitudes of white color workers to provide baseline data which were to develope smoking cessation programs. Methods: The subjects were 303 workers in G-city. Data were collected from July 1st to Aug. 31st 2003 by self-reported questionnaire. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Duncan's multiple comparison test, using SAS-pc 8.0 version. Results: Average age of the laborers was 32.3 years, and 50.7% of male were smoking currently, and 2.4% of female were so. Starting age of smokers was average 20.1 and smoking period was average 12.4 years. Majority of smokers smoked more than one pack of cigarettes in a day. Average points of nicotine dependency was 3.9 out of 10 and 12.5% were more than 7. Those who wanted to 'quit smoking very soon' and 'decided to quit smoking right now' were 29.1%. But those who got any helps and advices from professional experts in smoking cessation were 6.4%. 83.5% of the smokers had tried to quit smoking but failed due to their stress(44.6%), lack of will(36.6%) etc. Laborers knowledge related smoking score were average 11points out of 15, and attitudes were average 75.7points out of 125. Smokers showed significantly low knowledge(p=.012), and more allowing attitudes(p=.001). Conclusions: The smoking cessation programs for the workers should consist of stress management skills, and strengthened willingness. And should be run the program for those who want to 'quit smoking very soon' and 'decided to quit smoking right now' first of all.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.143-151
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• 2006

This study is designed to take a look at college women's understanding of the actual condition of their smoking and the harmfulness of their smoking, to make an analysis of smoking factors affecting oral health and to present basic materials for the development of oral health education programs. Self-administered questionnaires were given to the subjects from May 22 through June 2, 2003. The results were as follows. 1. 71.7 percent of the subjects said that they had no experience. 16.7 percent of them said that they had had experience. 11.6 percent of them said that they are now smoking. The oftener they don't live with their parents, the more monthly money they had, the more smoking experience they had(p<0.001). 2. 37.4 percent of the subjects said that they brush their teeth three times a day. And 52.2 percent of them said that they brush their teeth after smoking. 3. The rate of using dental floss and interdental brushes accounts for 46.5%, and the ratio of having tartar scaled from their teeth accounts for 45.5%. There was no significant difference in accordance with smoking or nonsmoking. 4. The subjects with no smoking experience(76.0%) thought that they had better teeth condition than their counterparts(64.3%). But there was no significant difference. 5. 56.5 percent of the subjects responded that their dental condition was related to their smoking, but 43.5 percent of them said that it was not.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.123-133
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• 2012

Objectives : This study was performed to understand smoking condition and to investigate the relations among knowledge regarding smoking and oral hygiene, awareness of anti-smoking policy, and self-esteem, to provide fundamental basis, developing programs for smoking prevention and anti-smoking. Methods : From September 7, 2010 to September 16, 2010, questionaire survey was conducted for 566 female university students studying dental hygienics at a local district in Jeollanam-do. Collected data was analyzed by Chi-square test, t-test, one way ANOVA, Scheffe multiple range test, Perason's correlation test, and stepwise multiple regression test. Results : 1. Smoking condition of study subjects on general characteristics showed 17.1%, where 14.0% of previous smoking history, and 68.9% of currently nonsmoker. 2. Analysis on the knowledge related to smoking and oral hygiene, awareness of anti-smoking policy, and self esteem on the general characteristics of study subjects have shown better awareness of anti-smoking policy in non-alcoholics. Significant difference was found in knowledge about smoking and awareness of anti-smoking policy according to current resident status, but no difference found in self-esteem. Higher academic grade was related to higher awareness of anti-smoking policy and better ics. aalcell. Better health, but no diffeoral hygiene were related to better awareness of anti-smoking policy, and bewhich were statistically significant. Favorable interpersonal self-estehip was related to better awareness of anti-smoking policy. 3. Analysis on knowledge regarding smoking related health and oral hygiene, awareness of anti-smoking policy, and self-esteem showed higher level of anti-smoking knowledge in non-smoking group(60.44) compared to currently smoking group or group with previous history of smoking, and better awareness of anti-smoking policy in non-smoking group(53.54) than other groups, which was statistically significant. 4. Correlation analysis among smoking related knowledge, awareness of anti-smoking policy, and self-esteem has found relatively high correlation between smoking related knowledge and awareness of anti-smoking policy, which was statistically significant(r=0.481, p<0.001). 5. Among factors influencing awareness of anti-smoking policy, higher level of smoking related knowledge and satisfaction to specialty was related to higher awareness of anti-smoking policy which was lower in current smoker than past smoker, and higher academic grade was related to higher awareness of anti-smoking policy. Conclusions : Following results emphasize the need to establish a novel curriculum by which effective programs for smoking prevention and education of anti-smoking specialist could be provided as well as promoting coaching anti-smoking activity.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.26
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• pp.61-90
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of anti-smoking advertising on attitude toward anti-smoking and behavioral intention to quit smoking in terms of audience's involvement with anti-smoking and knowledge on smoking. For this, a total of 10 hypothesis were established and statistically tested. According to the results, all but hypothesis 1-1(attitude toward anti-smoking is more favorable in the high involvement condition than in the low involvement condition) were unfortunately rejected. These results can be justified by theoretical explanations such as Hierarchy Effects Model or Elaboration Likelihood Model. In addition, some methodological reasons were provided as well.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1073-1082
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the awareness and actual condition toward nonsmoking policy in Korean adult. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 306 Korean adults between 20 to 60 years old from April 27 to May 26, 2015. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics of the subjects, smoking status(3 items), nonsmoking status(9 items), and nonsmoking policy(7 items). Data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 program. Results: Those who had alcohol consumption or not tried to participated in the nonsmoking program(p<0.05). There was a significant difference between nonsmoking education, cost of the nonsmoking education, and intention to stop smoking. Alcohol consumption is closely related to smoking and the appropriate approach to nonsmoking campaign must be done carefully on the basis of intention to stop smoking(p<0.05). Conclusions: As the government prohibits smoking in the public place, it is important the smokers to stop smoking by themselves and help the smokers to practice nonsmoking in their free will.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.181-192
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine the condition and perception of smoking in dental hygienist of Korean Dental Hygienists Association. The subjects in this study were dental hygienists who attended a symposium on July 5.2007. after a survey was conducted, the answer sheets from 590 participants were analyzed, and the findings of the study were as follows: 1. As for the reality of smoking, 98.3% were nonsmokers, and 1.7% were smokers. 2. perception of smoking was so high(4.76), 'smoking in pregnancy is bad for embryo(4.88)' was highest, 'dullness of taste(4.56)' was lowest. 3. In the smoking-perception of age, under 23 years was highest(4.78) and it was not shown statistically significant correlation. 4. In the smoking-perception of the school career, dental hygienist from 4-grade system was highest(4.87) and it was shown statistically significant correlation. 5. In the smoking-perception of working place, it was shown in order of health center(4.84${\pm}$0.30), dental department of general hospital dental hospital, dental clinic and it was shown statistically significant correlation. 6. In the smoking-perception of living place, Dae-jeon Chung-nam, Je-joo was highest(4.83${\pm}$0.30) and Seoul was lowest(4.65${\pm}$0.43). It was shown statistically significant correlation.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• no.77
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• pp.1-7
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• 2007

Nowaday, prohibition of smoking is getting more important issue. So we designed "non-smoking area control system". This system is organized with AVR(ATmega8535), smoke sensor, comparator(LM339) and etc. In non-smoking condition sensor's output voltage is about 5V, and in smoking condition sensor's output voltage is under 5V. So we used comparator(LM339) to devide two conditions. In both conditions AVR(ATmega8535) transmits datas to the computer of administrator. At this time method of communication is RS-232.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.273-284
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• 2007

Oral health in youth is very important because this period influences life for adult remarkably. Therefore, more effective oral health education and recognition of early treatment for oral disease are required sincerely. For more effectual education for high-school students, it is necessary to consider their circumstance like obesity and smoking. This study will analyze the correlation oral health behavior with obesity and subjective oral health concerns. In addition to, the actual condition of smoking for high-school girls and oral health condition will be verified. A survey was progressed for high-school girls in Busan city and BMI(body mass index) was used for classification of weight. The statistical significance was analyzed using SPSS 13.3 for Windows. Results of this study is following. 1. The frequence of daily toothbrushing was significantly different with obesity although difference of oral health knowledge was not significant. The frequency of toothbrushing of overweight students were lesser than the others. This results may be caused by low-level for oral health concerns and by passive life style of fat person. This habit has possibility of causing serious periodontal disease like periodontitis and tooth caries. 2. The correlation of obesity and time of brush change, using for supplement, and recent dental institution was insignificant. However, concerns of oral health were showed significantly according to obesity. Under-weight and standard-weight students were more concerned about oral health than over-weight. This results can be related to frequence of toothbrushing for fat subject. This relevance of two factors was confirmed by logistic regression analysis. 3. Approximately 70% students have smoking experience responded to uncomfortableness of periodontal conditions. On the other hand, non-smoking students felt uncomfortable in 50%. This results indicated that smoking have an effect on oral health condition. Further study which identify periodontal conditions practically has to go on for verification of direct correlation smoking and oral health.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.495-511
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• 2016

Purpose: The present study was performed to describe the prevalence of various types of smoking statuses and to identify factors associated with different types among Korean wageworkers. Methods: The prevalence of hardcore smoking, daily smoking, and intermittent smoking was assessed in 2,126 wage workers from the Sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The associations of these three types of smoking statuses with sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions, and occupation-related characteristics were also examined in a multinomial logistic regression. Results: In men, the prevalence of hardcore smoking and daily smoking were 11.4% and 30.2%, respectively; and in women, the daily smoking prevalence was 5.6%. The education level was strongly associated with men's hardcore smoking and women's daily smoking. The household income and marital status were associated with women's daily smoking. Among occupation-related characteristics, the regularity of work and night work were associated with men's intermittent smoking. Night work was also associated with women's daily smoking. Employment condition was associated with women's intermittent smoking. Conclusion: The socioeconomic status and health conditions, compared with occupation-related factors, were found to have more influence on smoking. Therefore, antismoking programs that focus on individual characteristics should be developed for Korean wageworkers.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.6364-6372
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• 2013

This study examined the effects of a non-smoking program according to the stress and emotional condition of male office workers. As research subjects, 106 smokers at C company who participated in the campaign of "No Second-Hand Smoking and No Cigarette Smoke at Work" from April 25, 2011 to December, 2011 for 8 months were enrolled in this study. Apreliminary survey of the general characteristics, motivation to quit smoking, emotional condition, behavior to cope with stress, stress in life, hope, and the emotional variables of job satisfaction in the research subjects was carried out. The study undertook a pre-and-post effect analysis of the non-smoking program only with those who succeeded in quitting smoking. In terms of the general characteristics of the subjects, the success rate of quitting smoking was higher in those in their thirties and above and those who were married. No significant difference in the emotional variables was observed between those who were not successful and those who were. These results suggest that the motives for stopping smoking and effective dealing with stress or anxiety is important for male office workers to succeed in stopping smoking, based on which smoking cessation programs should be developed. In addition, the message of a smoking cessation campaign should be designed specifically for each target audience, effectively emphasizing the emotional aspects of each target group.