• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.729-737
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• 2017

Piezoelectric composite laminates are a powerful material system that offers vast options to improve structural behavior. Successful design of piezoelectric adaptive structures and testing of control laws call for highly accurate, reliable and numerically efficient numerical tools. This paper puts focus onto linear and geometrically nonlinear static and dynamic analysis of smart structures made of such a material system. For this purpose, highly efficient linear 3-node and 4-node finite shell elements are proposed. Both elements employ the Mindlin-Reissner kinematics. The shear locking effect is treated by the discrete shear gap (DSG) technique with the 3-node element and by the assumed natural strain (ANS) approach with the 4-node element. Geometrically nonlinear effects are considered using the co-rotational approach. Static and dynamic examples involving actuator and sensor function of piezoelectric layers are considered.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2013

With the development and general use of a variety of Android/iOS-based smart phones and smart pads, the existing e-learning contents need to be changed in such a way that they can be carried out on different smart device platforms. This paper shows what changes are needed for that aim, and, in particular, for the compatibility of different platforms by designing and implementing Android/iOS-based smart learning contents in the form of a hybrid app. This paper will hopefully help you consider what elements are required to develop smart-learning contents on a variety of platforms for mobile devices.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.2781-2798
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• 2019

Thanks to internet, as one of indispensable parts of our lives, many devices that we use in our daily lives like TV, air conditioner, refrigerator, washing machine, can be monitored and controlled remotely by becoming more intelligent via Internet of Things (IoT) technology. Smart Home applications as one of the elements of smart cities, are individually the most demanded application without question. In this study, Smart Energy Management (SEM) system, based on NodeMCU and Android, has been designed for SEM, which is a part of the smart home application. With this system, household energy consumption can be monitored in real time, as well as having the ability to record the data comprising of operation times and energy consumption information for each device. Additionally, it is ensured to meet the energy needs on a maximized level possible, during the hours when the energy costs are lower owing to the SEM system. The Android interface provides the users with the opportunity to monitor and change their electricity consumption habits in order to optimize the energy efficiency, along with the opportunity to draw up of a daily and weekly schedule.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.42-47
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• 2022

As smart factory is the factory which produces the products according to the customer's diverse demand and the changing conditions in it, it can be characterized by flexible production, dynamic reconstruction, and optimized production environment. To implement these characteristics, many kind of configuration elements in the smart factory should be connected to and communicated with each other. So the network is responsible for playing this role in the smart factory. As SDN (Software Defined Network) is the technology that can dynamically cope with the explosive increasing data amount and the hourly changing network condition, it is one of network technologies that can be applied to the smart factory. In this paper, we address SDN function and operation, SDN model suitable for the smart factory, and then performs the simulation for measuring this model.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.91-100
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• 2022

Major developed countries are seriously considering smart factories to increase their manufacturing competitiveness. Smart factory is a customized factory that incorporates ICT in the entire process from product planning to design, distribution and sales. This can reduce production costs and respond flexibly to the consumer market. The smart factory converts physical signals into digital signals, connects machines, parts, factories, manufacturing processes, people, and supply chain partners in the factory to each other, and uses the collected data to enable the smart factory platform to operate intelligently. Enhancing personalized value is the key. Therefore, it can be said that the success or failure of a smart factory depends on whether big data is secured and utilized. Standardized communication and collaboration are required to smoothly acquire big data inside and outside the factory in the smart factory, and the use of big data can be maximized through big data analysis. This study examines big data analysis and standardization in smart factory. Manufacturing innovation by country, smart factory construction framework, smart factory implementation key elements, big data analysis and visualization, etc. will be reviewed first. Through this, we propose services such as big data infrastructure construction process, big data platform components, big data modeling, big data quality management components, big data standardization, and big data implementation consulting that can be suggested when building big data infrastructure in smart factories. It is expected that this proposal can be a guide for building big data infrastructure for companies that want to introduce a smart factory.

• 한국과학예술포럼
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• 제30권
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• pp.453-464
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• 2017

IT 기술의 발달과 함께 일상생활 속에서 사용자 편의와 감성을 충족하기 위한 기능을 제공하는 다양한 스마트 제품과 서비스가 확산되고 있다. 특히 빠르게 발전되고 있는 입출력 기술과 센싱 기술, 자능형 시스템 등은 다채로운 인터랙션 방식과 새로운 사용자경험 가능성을 열어가고 있다. 본 연구는 다양한 기술요소들의 활용을 사용자 관점에서 고려해야 하는 스마트 제품 컨셉 디자이너들의 아이디어 발상 단계에 대한 관심에서 시작되었다. 본 연구의 목적은 스마트 제품의 아이디어 발상 단계에서 활용할 수 있는 인터랙션 디자인 프레임웍을 제안하는 것으로, 디자이너들이 기술 기반의 스마트 제품 아이디어를 보다 체계적으로 도출하는 방안을 시도하였다. 이를 위해 먼저, 문헌조사를 통해 스마트 제품의 개념과 특징, 그리고 스마트 제품 인터랙션 구현을 위한 기술 및 제품 요소들을 파악하였고, 디자인 분야에서 제안되어온 프레임웍 선행 사례를 조사하였다. 이를 바탕으로 스마트 제품의 인터랙션 디자인 프레임웍을 제안하였으며, 프레임웍 구성요소들이 스마트 제품 아이디어 발상 단계에 어떻게 적용될 수 있을지 사례를 통해 설명하였다. 본 연구의 결과로서 제안한 프레임웍은 제품 구성요소, 상황인식 관련 요인, 정보입력 요인, 피드백 출력 요인 네 가지 카테고리로 구성되며, 각각에 있어서 사용자경험 관점을 반영한 세부요소들이 정의된다. 또한 각 세부요소 별로 기존에 있는 스마트 제품/시스템의 예시가 제시되어 어떤 요소인지 이해하기 쉽도록 정리되었으며, 제품 아이디어 사례를 통해 아이디어 발상 지원 도구로서의 프레임웍 활용성이 검토되었다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 향후 보다 다양하고 심도있는 사례연구를 통해 각 요소들의 조합에 따른 다양한 아이디어를 제안함으로써, 스마트 제품의 인터랙션 아이디어 발상 도구로서의 가능성을 검증할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.304-314
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• 2023

The rapid development of digital technology is diversifying the fashion industry by influencing both the manufacturing processes and the characteristics of fashion products. Although various smart clothing technologies are being developed as part of the government's technology development policy, the number of smart clothing products available to consumers in stores remains very limited. To address this issue, this study analyzes the key attributes of smart clothing as expressed in consumer language. The CIT (Critical Incident Technique) research method was used, and data were collected through an online survey. The study focuses on identifying potential factors that may influence the development direction or strategy of smart clothing. By classifying past experiences and attitudes towards smart clothing into positive and negative categories, it was found that positive responses to smart clothing were heavily influenced by expectations from technology and convenience. Participants' experience with smart technology has had a positive impact on their evaluation of smart clothing. Consumers with negative attitudes towards smart clothing expressed expectations for new benefits resulting from technological development, and indicated that they would consider purchasing such clothing in the future when design and technology improve. Ultimately, this study provides a valuable reference for the development of smart clothing products in Korea by analyzing consumer experiences and acceptance conditions towards smart clothing.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.1147-1167
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• 2015

Wireless smart sensors, which have become popular for monitoring applications, are an attractive option for implementing structural control systems, due to their onboard sensing, processing, and communication capabilities. However, wireless smart sensors pose inherent challenges for control, including delays from communication, acquisition hardware, and processing time. Previous research in wireless control, which focused on semi-active systems, has found that sampling rate along with time delays can significantly impact control performance. However, because semi-active systems are guaranteed stable, these issues are typically neglected in the control design. This work achieves active control with smart sensors in an experimental setting. Because active systems are not inherently stable, all the elements of the control loop must be addressed, including data acquisition hardware, processing performance, and control design at slow sampling rates. The sensing hardware is shown to have a significant impact on the control design and performance. Ultimately, the smart sensor active control system achieves comparable performance to the traditional tethered system.

• 디자인융복합연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.135-150
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• 2016

통신 기술의 발달, 지능형교통체계(ITS: Intelligent Transport Systems)의 확산으로 자동차는 단순한 기계장치에서 종합편의 기능을 가진 제2의 생활 공간으로 변모하고 있으며, 이를 위한 인터페이스로써의 역할을 하는 플랫폼으로 진화하고 있다. 탑승자들에게 다양한 정보를 제공하는 인터페이스 영역이 확장됨에 따라 스마트카 기반의 사용자 경험(UX: User Experience) 연구에 대한 중요성이 높아지고 있다. 이 연구는 스마트카의 사용자 경험 요소에 대한 가이드라인을 제안하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 연구의 수행을 위해 기존 연구를 기반으로 스마트카의 사용자 경험 요소를 기능(function), 상호작용(interaction), 표면(surface)으로 정의하였으며, UX/UI 전문가들의 논의를 통해 각 요소 별로 8개의 대표 기술, 14개의 대표 기능, 8개의 유리창의 위치를 정의하였다. 이 후 100명의 운전자를 대상으로 정의된 스마트카 사용자 경험 요소들에 대한 우선순위를 설문조사 방식으로 분석하였다. 분석을 통해 사용자들은 차량에 주요 기술을 적용함에 있어서 안전, 주행, 감성의 순으로, 조작 방식에 있어서는 음성인식, 터치, 제스처, 물리적 버튼, 아이트레킹의 순으로, 디스플레이 위치에 대해서는 운전석을 중심으로 전방에서 후방으로 높은 우선순위를 가지고 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 성별에 따른 분석에 있어서는 2개의 기능 외에는 큰 차이를 보이지 않아 남성과 여성에 대한 가이드가 공통되게 적용될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제32권3C호
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• pp.323-330
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• 2007

CDMA 셀룰라 망의 기지국에 이용될 수 있는 선형 스마트 안테나를 이차원으로 확장시켜 성능의 척도인 출력 신호대잡음비(Output SNR: Output Signal to Noise Ratio), 출력신호대간섭비(Output SIR: Output Signal to Interference Ratio), 출력신호대간섭잡음비(Output SINR: Output Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio)를 도출 하였다 Beam forming algorithm 으로 SCGM(Simplified Conjugate Gradient Algorithm)을 설정하고 입력신호대 잡음비, antenna element 숫자, 간섭신호의 분포 등을 변화시키며 평면 스마트 안테나의 성능을 simulate 하였다. 간섭신호들의 방위각(Azimuth angle)이 -90도 에서 +90도 사이에서 고르게 분포할 때, 평면 스마트 안테나의 성능은 같은 숫자의 element를 갖는 선형 스마트 안테나의 성능에 근접함을 보였다.