• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.2E
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• pp.33-36
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• 1995

Based on the Characteristics of the correlation function of speech signal, the skipping technique can reduced the computation time considerably with a little degradation of speech quality. To improve the speech quality of the skipping technique, we use the reduced form of the correlation function to check the sign of the correlation value before the match score is calculated. The experimental results show that this modified skipping technique can reduce the computation time in pitch search over 35% compared with the traditional full search method without quality degradation.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1995.06a
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• pp.242-245
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• 1995

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1998.06e
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• pp.285-288
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• 1998

G.723.1은 저 전송률 환경에서 고음질을 제공하여 주고 있으나 CELP형 부호화기가 갖는 합성에 의한 분석(analysis by synthesis) 방식의 구조로 인해 많은 처리 시간과 계산량을 요구하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 G.723.1에 대해 skipping 기법을 이용하여 피치 검색과정이 계산량을 줄여 부호화기의 전체 처리 시간을 감소시키는 방법을 제안하였다. 예측 피치를 찾기 위한 개회로 피치 예측(open loop pitch estimation) 과정에서 계산량을 줄이기 위해 skipping 기법을 사용하였다. 피치 예측 과정시 상관관계를 파형은 양과 음의 파형이 교대로 나타나는 특징을 가지고 있기 때문에 계산시 음의 파형을 생략하는 방법을 사용하였다. 실제 음성시료에 대해 제안한 피치 검색법을 적용하였을 때 부호화시 평균 처리시간은 약 10%정도 감소하였으며 기존 G.723.1과 제안한 방법을 적용한 G.723.1의 음질 비교를 위하여 MOS 평가를 했을 때 기존의 방법이 평균 3.76인데 비해 제안한 방법의 평균 MOS는 3.73으로 주관적인 음질 저하는 거의 나타나지 않았다.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.31 no.10
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• pp.543-552
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• 2004

This paper proposes an energy optimization technique for latency and quality constrained video applications. It consists of two key techniques: frame-skipping technique and buffering technique. While buffering increases the slack time utilization at the OS level. frame skipping Increases the slack time itself at the application level, and both enhance the effectiveness of the dynamic voltage scaling technique. We use an H.263 encoder application as a test vehicle to which the proposed technique is applied. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed technique achieves noticeable energy reduction satisfying the given latency and video quality constraints.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.53-58
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• 2012

For the last decades, molecular genetics has achieved great advances that the genes on the list of inherited muscle diseases are piling up. Those diseases of overlapping clinico-pathologic findings are now understood with discrete molecular pathogeneses. We are facing an exciting era that the long-waited gene therapy may eventually come true. Skipping of dystrophin exon 51 is on successful clinical trials, which will benefit about 13% of the children suffering from Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Exon skipping is under active investigation to expand the candidates. Hopefully it may cover majority of Duchenne muscular dystrophy mutations and some of other diseases. Adeno-associated virus is one of the most versatile tools for gene transfer. It may overcome the limitation of exon skipping. Here we review exon skipping technique of Duchenne muscular dystrophy and briefly discuss the other strategies being studied to cure inherited muscle diseases.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.371-376
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• 2018

In the system security technology, the information hiding field is developed as technologies for embedding information, which are generally used as contents media. The proposed technique is a technical steganography technique which uses a technique of concealing certain information through physical / statistical change of signal values of contents. Recently, there have been various studies based on histogram shifting in reversible data concealment. In multi - peak histogram shifting, the capacity of data concealment gradually increased by applying multiple peak histogram method. In this paper, we analyze the effect of concealment in terms of adopting the histogram shift method including skipping. In addition, we propose multi - branch data concealment as a general method to improve concealment capacity. The above proposal has proved to be an example using mathematical expressions, and further improvement measures could be derived.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.7C
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• pp.726-732
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• 2003

The paper proposes a motion estimation (ME) technique to reduce computational complexity. It is achieved by skipping ME process for macro-blocks decided to be in no need of the operation. Thus, it is called ME skipping technique(MEST). In general, the ME is composed of integer pixel precision ME (IME) followed by half pixel precision ME (HME). The MEST is performed just before an IME process and makes a decision on skipping the IME process according to a criterion based on ME errors of adjacent macro-blocks (MBs) already encoded. When the IME process for a MB is decided to be skipped, which is called ME skip mode, the IME process is skipped and the integer pixel precision motion vector of the MB is just replaced by a predicted vector and used as the input of HME. On the other hands, the IME processes for MBs in ME non-skip mode are not skipped but normally performed. Accordingly, the MEST is very effective to reduce computational complexity when MBs in ME skip mode is abundant. In addition, when the MEST is applied to video encoder, it contributes to more accurate rate control and more robusaess for channel errors. It is experimentally shown that the MEST has the above advantages while maintaining good reconstructed image quality.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.466-472
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• 2023

Exon skipping is an efficient technique to inhibit specific gene expression induced by a short-sequence peptide nucleic acid (PNA). To date, there has been no study on the effects of PNA on skin pigmentation. In melanocytes, the tripartite complex is responsible for the transport of mature melanosomes from the nucleus to the dendrites. The tripartite complex is composed of Rab27a, Mlph (Melanophilin), and Myosin Va. Defects in the protein Mlph, a melanosome transport-related protein, are known to cause hypopigmentation. Our study shows that Olipass peptide nucleic acid (OPNA), a cell membrane-permeable PNA, targets exon skipping in the Mlph SHD domain, which is involved in Rab27a binding. Our findings demonstrate that OPNA induced exon skipping in melan-a cells, resulting in shortened Mlph mRNA, reduced Mlph protein levels, and melanosome aggregation, as observed by microscopy. Therefore, OPNA inhibits the expression of Mlph by inducing exon skipping within the gene. These results suggest that OPNA, which targets Mlph, may be a potential new whitening agent to inhibit melanosome movement.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.165-172
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• 2004

In this paper, we propose the computational complexity reduction methods of delta pitch search that is used in G.723.1 vocoder. In order to decrease the computational complexity in delta pitch search the characteristic of proposed algorithms is as the following. First, scheme to reduce the computational complexity in delta pitch search uses NAMDF. Developed the second scheme is the skipping technique of lags in pitch searching by using the threshold value. By doing so, we can reduce the computational amount of pitch searching more than 64% with negligible quality degradation.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.32-42
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• 1998

본 논문은 비균일 분포 수동형 견인 배열 센서를 사용하여 입사각 추정은 물론, 도 플러 주파수를 동시에 추정해내기 위한 기법을 제안한다. 균일 선형 센서 배열을 사용하는 전통적인 수동형 견인 센서 배열 처리기법은 센서간의 등 간격 구조 및 단순한 표본 과정에 기인하여 활용 분야의 한계성을 가지며, 주된 응용 분야가 방사된 음향신호의 입사각을 추 정하는데만 국한되어 사용될 수 있다는 문제점을 내포하고 있다. 이러한 사실 때문에, 수중 천해 환경 하에서 견인함의 등속 이동에 의해 발생하는 도플러 주파수들에 대한 정보는 목 표물에 대한 식별이나 음향신호 전달 경로의 모델링에 중요한 매개변수로 작용하며, 일반적 인 수동형 견인 센서 배열의 사용에 의한 처리 방식으로는 이러한 매개변수의 추출이 불가 능하게 된다. 본 논문은 이러한 제한성을 극복하고 방사 신호들의 개별적인 입사각 및 도플 러 주파수의 동시 추정을 가능케하도록 비균일 분포의 선형 센서 배열과 Sample Skipping 기법(Sample Skipping Technique;SST)을 적용한 새로운 형태의 수동형 견인 배열 센서 처 리 기법을 제안한다.