• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.35-42
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the difference about pathogenesis of skin type. the theory that explains each individual react to certain stress is generally accepted in traditional oriental medicine. The aim of this experiment is to find out relationship between the effect of facial condition and the vital conditions of traditional Oriental medicine. We recognized that pattern identification of fluid-humor could be divided into 4 different groups. The reason is that the fluid-humor could be interpreted as Qi & Blood, furthermore Qi & Blood were categorized into deficiency and excess groups. Korean female volunteers in good health participated in this experiment. Three doctors of Oriental medicine classified them into 4 groups based on qi-blood and deficiency-excess concept(qi-deficiency; qi-excess:qi-stagnation; blood-deficiency; blood-excess:static-blood). Volunteers were assessed with non-invasive skin measuring devices. And we analyzed the correlation of skin physiological parameters with vital conditions; moisture, sebum and elasticity. Measurement moisture and sebum of facial skin tended to deacease only in static blood group.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.47-63
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• 1990

Image analyser was used to understand the condition of skin surface and to evaluate the efficacy of cosmetic treatment. It was unsatisfactory to analyse skin surface structure although several methods using image analyser had been presented. We developed the new system composed of image analyser and Tandem Scanning Reflected Light Microscope (TSRLM) having the remarkable optical sectioning property as image input device. By using this new system, we quantitatively measured the change of skin surface, the depth and width of furrow in micron unit, resulted by cosmetic treatments. And also three dimensional image of skin was reconstructed with serial sectioned images, which were captured through TSRLM, for better understanding of the effect of cosmetic treatment. It was found that skin relief was more easily understood and the change of skin surface caused by cosmetic treatment was more accurately measured by using this system. In addition, we was also aware of the possibility of in vivo direct measurement of skin furrow without replica. It was conceivable that our system could be applicable for study of cosmetic effects further.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.267-275
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• 2021

Skin condition is an important concern in beauty aspect. This study considered a rough skin condition analysis method that beauty industry workers can do through visual observation or skin condition images taken with smartphones. First, studies that combine subjective and objective evaluations were selected among degree papers and academic papers searched by keywords related to 'skin condition' in the Research Information Sharing Service(RISS). Among them, papers that derive correlations with visually verifiable factors were selected. Next, the relationship between factors that match subjective skin condition and objective skin measurement results and factors that can be visually identified on the skin surface was investigated. According to the study, the most suitable factor for matching subjective and objective evaluations was 'oil volume', which is significantly related to 'pore', 'skin texture' and 'erythema', which can be visually checked on the skin surface. It is believed that a rough skin condition analysis will be possible using this.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.30 no.3 s.47
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• pp.385-388
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• 2004

Recently, along with the remarkable increase in interest in natural products, the application of phytoestrogens in anti-aging products has become very important. In the focus, we developed Pueraria mirifica (PM), in this in vivo study on skin elasticity and wrinkles, and investigated the anti-aging properties. Thirty healthy women volunteers, between the ages of 30 and 60, applied the cream formula with $4\% Pueraria mirifica or placebo, on the face area twice a day for 16 weeks. The evaluation was made by silicon replica analysis, Cutometer SEM 575 and Comeometer followed by statistical treatment using the student's t-test. Results of skin elasticity measurement showed that topical application on the skin increased the total surface of skin elasticity in comparison with placebo group (p<0.05). However, PM cream does not have prominent effect on the depth of wrinkles and skin moisturization. This in vivo study demonstrates that, PM exhibits a significant effect on skin elasticity therefore, is of great interest in anti-aging and firmness skin care products.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.58-64
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• 2019

The paper proposes a stiffness measurement device composed of a measurement part including six indenters and a fixing part including four fixtures. The device is able to make simultaneously measurements of the stiffness of human arm. The six indenters make use of both position and force control schemes sequentially whenever needed. In addition, the loadcells and the digital encoders are attached to the indenters and electric motors, respectively, so that the data can be provided in real time. On the end of the indenter, two-axis potentiometer is attached in order to measure the angle difference between the applied force axis and the axis normal to the skin of human arm, and to convert the force measured on the loadcell into the actual applied force to skin. For this purpose, the mapping between the voltage output and the angle of potentiometer was obtained by fitting it for each axis. Ultimately, the measurement device was able to measure the stiffnesses of six regions of human arm.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.49-52
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• 1994

Measurement of skin temperature is most frequently used to evaluate effect of sympathetic block. Sticker type skin temperature indicator, $ProChecker^{(R)}$, uses metamocolor, which changes the darkness of the color by giving and taking of electrons in response to temperature. We examined the accuracy of this skin temperature indicator in pain clinic patients who were treated with stellate ganglion block. Ten minutes before, and 10~20 minutes after stellate ganglion block, skin temperature on both dorsum of hand were measured using both $ProChecker^{(R)}$ and thermography concurrently. The results showed that skin temperature measured by $ProChecker^{(R)}$ was feasible, in correlation to thermography. Sticker type temperature indicator ($ProChecker^{(R)}$) is concluded as a useful monitor of skin temperature during nerve block in outpatient clinics.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.715-724
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• 2017

Today all kinds of smart devices are being developed with various researches on wearable devices that support smart computing on the human body. Skin diseases continue to rise including freckles, pimples, atopy, and scalp trouble due to the environmental and genetic factors, and people pay bigger medical bills to treat their skin diseases. There is thus a need to develop a smart-phone or table-based smart healthcare imaging system of high portability and diagnostic accuracy capable of analyzing and managing various skin problems related to skin care. This study proposed an integrated system combining the Smart Mi Band, a wearable device using moisture and UV sensors based on IoT, on the hardware part with the sensor information monitoring software.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.50-58
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• 2012

The objective of this study is to evaluate the lighting dimming rates with various parameters of the building skin in a small office. We compared to simulated workplane illuminance and measured workplane illuminance for the base model. After that, the five veriables(the presence of vertical wall in double skin facade, the presence of windowsill, window to wall ratio(WWR), window visible transmittance, the width of double skin facade) were applied to base model, and we analyzed the simulated lighting energy saving rates. The results are listed as below. The simulated workplane illuminance results are similar to the measurement. Simulated illuminance was smaller than measured illuminance by 16.5%(60 lx). In accordance with applicable building skin parameters, lighting energy saving rate results are summarized as follows. Lighting energy saving rate of case1(windowsill height 0.7m) is higher than that of base case(windowsill and vertical wall) by 7.3% and the lighting energy saving rate of case2(no vertical wall) is higher than that of base case by 7.6% and the lighting energy saving rate of case3(no windowsill and vertical wall) is higher than that of base case by 12.4%. The lighting energy saving rate is increased by 2.3%, when window visible transmittance is increased from 70% to 86%. The lighting energy saving rate is increased by 4.6%, when we changed the WWR 70% to 90%. lighting energy savings rate is increased by 6.5%, when the width of double skin facade is reduced from 1m to 0.3m.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.201-211
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• 2010

Objectives : Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease which is characterized by severe pruritis, erythema, edema, effusion and scabs. The aim of this study was to understand effects of Arctium lappa Linne, which is well known for its efficacy for various skin diseases, on atopic dermatitis Methods : We conducted this experiment using the DNFB-induced NC/Nga mice. After two weeks of applying DNFB to NC/Nga mice, severe symptoms of atopic dermatitis occurred. We divided the mice into three different groups: a control group which was given no treatment at all, a group treated with dexamethasone (1mg/kg), and another group treated with Arctium lappa Linne (300mg/kg). After one week of treatment, results were recorded according to their improvement on skin, itching behavior, IL-4, and INF-$\gamma$ measurement, which is a significant criterion for diagnosing atopic dermatitis. Results : Itching behavior showed significant improvement in the Arctium lappa Linne group. However Arctium lappa Linne failed to reduce IL-4 and INF-$\gamma$ count. Also there was no satisfying improvement on AD-like skin lesions on the rostral back of the NC/Nga mice treated with Arctium lappa Linne. Conclusions : Arctium lappa Linne showed improvement in itching behavior in NC/Nga mice induced by DNFB. Arctium lappa Linne showed neither significant improvement on skin lesions nor in IL-4 and INF-$\gamma$ measurement.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.109-117
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• 2011

In this work, we have investigated the effect of polyoxyethylene alkyl ester nonionic surfactants on percutaneous permeation enhancement of a model drug, ketoprofen. We also investigated the mechanism involved in the enhancement using impedance and solubility measurement. Three groups of nonionic surfactants with different ethylene oxide content were studied. The permeation results showed that all surfactants enhanced the percutaneous absorption, irrespective of the molecular weight. The permeation results from PEG-45 monostearate (PEGMS45) were rather unexpected. Impedance and solubility results indicate that the mechanism involved in the enhancement of permeation by PEG-10 monooleate (PEGMO10) and PEGMS45 is rather different. The results from PEGMS45 suggest that it could be a potential candidate as a skin penetration enhancer with high molecular weight, which may poses less skin irritation and systemic side effect than the smaller surfactant molecules. Overall, this work provided some useful information on percutaneous transport enhancement and the mechanistic insights involved in skin permeation for these nonionic surfactants.