• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.731-744
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• 2002

The temperature distribution in human skin and subdermal tissue layer is presented using bioheat transfer equation. The body temperature is determined by the balance between heat produced and heat lost by our body. The time-dependent solutions have been found to be affected by the metabolic heat generation rate, blood mass flow, the rate of evaporation of perspiration and also by the atmospheric temperature. The analytic solutions for different layers have been calculated numerically and are also shown graphically.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.392-396
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• 2007

In this paper, we develop a new system to visualize the blood flow map in skin tissue, using the technique of Laser Speckle Flowgraphy (LSFG). The measuring unit consists of the laser diode, imaging system, line sensor, scanning mirror, and one-board microcomputer. The speckle signal is analyzed and sent to a PC, where the blood flow in a tissue area of $14mm{\times}26 mm$ is evaluated and displayed in a 2-D color map. It is demonstrated that the new LSFG instrument is useful to evaluate the degree of allergic reaction in patch test.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2013

Objective: To assess the effect of vitamin D administration on the skin blood flow response to occlusion and heat. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Twenty age matched subjects; 10 who had diabetes and 10 who were controls were administered 4,000 IU of vitamin D3 for 3 weeks at breakfast. The function of the endothelial cells was evaluated in 2 ways; first, the response to 4 minutes of vascular occlusion of the skin was measured with a laser Doppler flow meter. Second, the skin blood flow response to local heat at 42 degrees C for 6 minutes was examined. Results: The results of the experiments showed that the blood flow response to heat was reduced after 3 weeks administration of vitamin D in the subjects with diabetes and in the control subjects (p<0.05). The response to occlusion was not significantly different within each group before and after vitamin D administration, but the group with diabetes had a significantly lower blood flow response to occlusion than did the controls (p<0.05). Conclusions: Acute doses of vitamin D may impair nitric oxide production and reduce blood flow to tissue during stressors in people with diabetes.

• 한국패션뷰티학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.5-13
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• 2004

This study was analyzed on relationship of blood vessel pressure massage and skin and management method on blood vessel pressure for skin care with Yin-yang 5 factors theory, Yin-yang 5 factors theory of blood vessel pressure massage with related Korean medicine is essential for descriptions of the physiology of human body and disease. Six elements(wind, heat, fire, dryness, wetness, and cold) and seven emotions(anger, happiness, thought, worry, sadness, surprise, and fear) effected on skin care and the five viscera and the six stomach. Blood vessel pressure massage related with skin consists of the five viscera and the six stomach and is improved blood circulation and is retarded aging of skin by controls of hormone and free nerve system. Blood vessel pressure massage for skin care improved in the intestine system and blood circulation and got healthy. The blood vessel pressure massage treatment of beauty art can aid the function of bio-rhythm of a human body and make our body health by healing the problems of the five viscera organs and the six stomach. It also help circulate of the blood flow and vigor. The study expects the related researches to improve the various treatments through this treatment. The researcher encountered many problems with the lack of concerned materials and former studies but expects this study to be a study to retard aging the skin and prevent the diseases through the study of the blood vessel pressure massage.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1431-1441
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• 2006

Following conclusions were drawn from the examination of the usage of semen persicae and fols carthami from the view of Hyungsang Medicine. Semen persicae is used to vitalize the blood flow and eliminate the blood stagnation of the whole body in ${\ulcorner}$Donguibogam${\lrcorner}$, and therefor it is used for the blood flow of the heptal meridian and sometimes the intestinal meridian. Flos carthami is applied to vitalize the blood flow, remove obstructions in meridians, eliminate the blood stagnations, and stop the pain in ${\ulcorner}$Donguibogam${\lrcorner}$, therefore used in such symptoms of blood flow of the heptal meridian as amenorrhea, spasm of muscles, and coldness of the genitals. Also is applied in those cases of exhaustion, perspiration, and in digestive remedies which belong to the symptoms of cardiac blood flow. And it is used for dryness of the skin in which case the blood should be developed and malaria for the elimination of the blood stagnation and production of new blood. The combination of semen persicae and flos carthami is applied to eliminate the blood stagnation and stimulate menstrual discharge in uterus, as well as in the cases of lumbago and stomachache due to blood stagnation, blood stasis, mass in the abdomen, and abdominal distention. This combination is also used for the eyes, ears, numbness, and paralysis of hands and feet for the purpose of making the flow of the meridian smooth, and for diabetes, dryness of the skin, malaria, anal itching and pain for the purpose of eliminating the mass and renewing the tissues. The combination is diversly used in the book of ${\ulcorner}$Special lectures on clinical cases${\lrcorner}$ for the aftereffects of traffic accident, constipation, diabetes, dryness of the skin, paralysis of hands and feet, numbness of finger of hand and foot, and especially used frequently with prescription of Yijintang and Samultang combined in the cases of numbness. The prescription is used in Hyungsang medicine when the uterus, the external appearance(axis), hands and feet, heart, and the stomach is not good for the vitalization of the flow of the 12 meridians. It was though difficult to find extinguishing differences between the two herbs in the clinical cases applied in the book of ${\ulcorner}$Special lectures on clinical cases${\lrcorner}$.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.105-110
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• 2018

Background: A stellate ganglion block (SGB) causes increased blood flow in the maxillofacial region, exhibiting the potential for regenerative effects in damaged tissue. The focus of this study was to understand the efficacy of SGB for regenerative effects against nerve damage. A rat model of the superior cervical ganglion block (SCGB) was created instead of SGB, and facial blood flow, as well as sympathetic nervous system function, were measured. Methods: A vertical incision was made on the left side of the neck of a Wistar rat, and a 5-mm resection of the superior cervical ganglion was performed at the back of the bifurcation of the internal and external branches of the left common carotid artery. Blood flow in the skin at the mandibular angle and mean facial temperature were measured using a laser-Doppler blood flow meter and a thermographic camera, respectively, over a 5-week period after the block. In addition, the degree of ptosis and miosis were assessed over a period of 6 months. Results: The SCGB rat showed significantly higher blood flow at the mandibular angle on the block side (P < 0.05) for 3 weeks, and significantly higher skin temperature (P < 0.05) for 1 week after the block. In the SCGB rat, ptosis and miosis occurred immediately after the block, and persisted even 6 months later. Conclusions: SCGB in rats can cause an increase in the blood flow that persists over 3 weeks.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제2권5호
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• pp.398-404
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• 2000

We examined the effect of individual sweating responses on thermoregulatory responses induced by heat of sorption, immediately after the onset of sweating. The present study consists of two experiments. In experiment 1, made of 100% cotton (C) and 100% polyester (P) clothing were exposed in the chamber at ambient temperature (Ta) of $27.2^{\circ}C$ and relative humidity (rh) raised from 50% to 95% at five different increase rates of environmental vapor pressure (VP). The increase rate of clothing surface temperature (Tcs), peak Tcs and peak time showed significant correlation with the increase rate of environmental VP in C-clothing (p<0.05). In experiment 2, seven female subjects were studied during leg water immersion ($35-41^{\circ}C$) for 70min in Ta of 27.2 and 50%rh. There were significant positive correlations in the increase rate of clothing microclimate VP vs. changes in Tcs, skin blood flow, mean skin temperature and mean body temperature (p<0.05). The present results showed that individual clothing microclimate VP had significant effects on thermoregulatory responses induced by heat of sorption wearing C ensembles.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.49-54
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• 1996

The purposes of this study were to measure skin temperature and blood flow on the contralateral upper extremity when heat is applied to one upper extremity, were to compare the effect of contrast bath. The subjects were 38 healthy adults with no history of peripheral vascular disease. The subjects of contrast bath were 18 persons and the subjects of warm bath were 20 persons. The subjects of one group were seated with their right arm in water($42^{\circ}C$) up to the mid-forearm. The subjects of the other group were seated with their right arm up to the mid-forearm in water which was changed from warm to cold using the contrast bath technique. The continually changing temperatures and blood flow were measured by an independent observer at intervals of 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 minutes respectively after the start of the procedure. The results were as follows. The temperature of the warm bath group rose 4.28% over the pre-experimental temperatures and the temperature of the contrast bath group rose 3.41%. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. The blood flow of the warm bath group rose 8.31% over the pre-experimental blood flow and the blood flow of the contrast bath group rose 17.24%. There was a statistically significant between the two groups 20 minutes after the start of the procedure. Thus the contrast bath is a more effective method than the warm bath to increase blood flow.

• Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
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• 제34권
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• pp.26.1-26.13
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• 2022

It is important to assess the blood flow of fingers in the verification of hand-arm vibration syndrome. In the Republic of Korea, most assessments of the blood flow in the fingers are performed using a cold provocation test with finger skin color change. However, this test is a non-objective method with a relatively low sensitivity, leading to possible social and legal problems. Thus, we reviewed the characteristics of several tests that assess the blood flow in the fingers. Among these tests, using the radioactive isotope method, Raynaud's scan has a relatively higher sensitivity and specificity than other tests, provides objective results, and is approachable in many hospitals. So we suggest using Raynaud's scan as an alternative test when cold provocation test with finger skin color change is negative in vibration exposed worker.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.411-418
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• 2000

결명자차, 녹차 및 밤차가 인체의 생체기능활성화에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 국소뇌혈류량 및 혈압, in vitro상에서의 면역세포의 활성화, 그리고 암세포가 이식된 동물에서의 면역세포 활성화와 암세포의 증식억제 효과를 관찰한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 단당류는 현미녹차와 결명자차에는 glucose, ga-lactose등이 들어 있으나 밤차에는 glucose, gal-actose, mannose가 들어 있다. 2. 아미노산은 현미녹차, 밤차, 결명자차 순으로 들어 있다. 3. 카페인은 현미녹차에는 들어 있으나 밤차와 결명자차에는 들어 있지 않았다. 4. 결명자 차는 국소뇌혈류량을 증가시킨 반면 밤차는 감소시켰다. 5. 녹차는 혈압을 증가시켰다. 6. 밤차는 in vitro 상에서 흉선세포와 비장세포의 증식을 유의성있게 증가시켰다. 7. 결명자차와 녹차는 in bitro 상에서 흉선세포의 증식을 감소시켰다. 8. 결명자차와 녹차는 L1210세포가 이식된 동물의 흉선세포 증식을 감소시켰다. 9. 밤차는 L1210세포가 이식된 동물의 비장세포 증식을 촉진시켰다. 10. 밤차와 결명자차는 L1210세포가 이식된 동물의 암세포 증식을 억제하였다.