• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.187-202
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• 1995

The purpose of the study was to suggest ways of improvement of the present sizing systems for the middle aged women's clothing. For this, a questionnaire survey for the aged group and calculating coverage rate of one garment item(suit) between the companies has been carried out. The data was analyzed with use of SPSS package. The statistics were based o frequency, X2-test, t-test and one-way ANOVA. The results of the study was as follows: 1. In case of survey for middle aged women, the problems concerning the length and abdominal girth were found, that is to say, the former too long and the latter too tight. 2. The sizing systems between companies were very different in size classification and standard deviation of each sizes. 3. In calculating coverage rate of the 10 companies's sizing systems, coverage rate of the smallest size in each were the highest and those of the biggest were 0%. It means the standard deviation of the present sizing systems are not enough to cover the various body form of the middle aged women, so that the more diverse sizing system is required for the better fitness of middle aged women's clothing.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.924-932
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• 1995

Concept of the comfort and fitness has become a major concern in the basic function of the ready.made clothes. Until now ready-made clothes were not made by on the basis of the bodytype, but by the body size only This research was performed to classify and characterize the bodytypes of Korean adult males. Sample size was 1290 subjects and their age range was from 19 to 54 years old. 25 variables from the photographic data were applied to analyze the bodytype of trunk. Data were analyzed by the multivariate method, especially factor and cluster analysis. The groups forming a cluster can be subdivided into 5 sets by crosstabulation extracted by the hierarchical cluster analysis. 5 bodytypes classified by the photographic sources could be combined with the anthropometric data and were demonstrated with 5 silhouette. Type 3 and 4 in trunk were dominant and were composed of the majority of 55.6% of the subjects. Bodytypes of Korean males were influenced by the degree of posture erectness and of curvature of the front side of the body in waist and abdomen.

• Proceedings of the Korea Electromagnetic Engineering Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.432-436
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• 2003

This paper presents a broadband microstrip antenna design with four U slots on the ground plane by using of genetic algorithm. FDTD method is used as fitness function for antenna analysis, and length of rectangular patch, length of ground plane slot, distance from center point to feed point is used as optimization parameter for maximum bandwidth and minimum size. The measurement result of implemented antenna present bandwidth of 15.63 % and peak gain of 3.61 dBi in the 2.445 GHz, and antenna has a reduced patch size of 54.8 % compare with normal microstrip antenna.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.309-317
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of bone age on physique and physical fitness in elementary school students. For this purpose, the structural equation model test was conducted based on the three-year longitudinal study. The results were as follows. First, bone age in boys and girls (1st~3rd grade) has a direct effect on the change of body size, but it does not affect the change of physical strength. Second, the bone age of the senior male students(4~6 grade) gave a direct effect on the change of physique, 50m running, and sit-up. On the other hand, it gave an indirect effect on push-ups, sitting basketball throws, and standing long jump. Third, the bone age of the female students(grades 4~6) affected directly on body size change, sit-up, side step and indirect effect on 50m running, half squat jump, and standing long jump. These results indicated that the evaluation of the bone age of the subjects should be included in the exercise ability evaluation items for the male and female students in elementary school over the fourth grade in relation to the myofunction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.391-399
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• 2012

This study helps out-size consumers purchase swimsuits and improves fitness by classifying the torso of middle-aged obese women; in addition, it creates a size system based on each size interval for obese types. The criteria for subjects in this study were over 25kg/$m^2$ of the BMI, over 85cm of waist, and over 95cm of bust; 199 females were surveyed. Three torso types were categorized by a cluster analysis into X type (the vertical size of hip girth was the biggest of the three and the waist was slender), H-O type (larger than other groups in bust girth with more fat above the circumstance of the abdomen), and Y type (the upper half of body development type and lower body fatness were between those of type X and those of type H-O). As a consequence of size system establishment according to obesity types, the basic body sizes and reference body sizes were different according to types even in commonly-appeared size names at sections of respective types. The research findings show the necessity to understand obesity types according to bust girth and hip girth sizes that represent basic sizes as well as to design patterns in consideration of the characteristics of obese body shapes when swimsuits are designed for obese groups. The findings can be used as basic data to decide the desirable output of production according to respective body types.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.11
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• pp.1768-1773
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• 2009

This study determines the body size of preteen children and conducts questionnaire investigations into the awareness of real purchasers or parents of and satisfaction with children's clothes and fit, in order to provide the basic data for planning and setting up the size range for the preteens market in which the sales of children clothes are gradually increasing. The findings of this study are as follow: Analyzing the obesity of the children against the Rohrer index showed that almost 30% of the subjects were obese children and that it is necessary to research the sizes of the clothes for obese children. It was also found that older children selected a more appropriate clothe size. Investigations into the awareness of children on their body image found that there was a significant difference in the perception of body shape, body weight, shoulder breath, arm thickness, chest girt, waist girth, hip girth, and thigh thickness. Slim or standard type children had the greatest consideration for the length of clothes to purchase while obese children had the greatest consideration for bosom size and waist girth. However, in terms of the association between fitness and size selection, obese children did not select a bigger size but an appropriate one for their body. The findings show that it is imperative to develop appropriate size clothes for obese children.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.904-910
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• 2009

The aim of this study is to help out-size consumers purchase the ready-made clothes and improve clothing fitness by classifying the lower bodies of abdomen-obese adult males and by setting up some size system according to each size interval of obesity types. The including criteria for subjects in this study was over 25 kg/$m^2$ of the BMI, over 90 cm of waist, and over 0.85 of WHR, and a total of 538 adult males satisfying them were enrolled. Results are as follows; 1st, the higher the age bracket was, the more increase in each age bracket's lower-degree obesity rate there was along with the more decrease in moderate-degree, while the higher the age bracket was, the more increasing tendency toward each age bracket's abdominal obesity there was. 2nd, 3 clusters were categorized by cluster analysis, into abdominal obesity, high-degree-type, trapezoid-type and cylinder-type. And 3rd, as a consequence of size system establishment according to lower-body types, the basic body sizes and reference body sizes were different according to types even in commonly-appeared size names at sections of respective types. The research findings above suggests that it is necessary to figure out the obesity types according to waist and hip sizes representing basic sizes and to design the patterns in consideration of the characteristics of obese body shapes when lower-half body clothes are designed among obesity groups. And it may be used as a basic data to decide the desirable output of production according to respective body types.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.530-537
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to develop the measuring tool that can grasp the relationship between body and pattern, the result can be directly digitalized and developed as the pattern as body form is. There are 6 measurements; 1) the width of front and rear neck 2) the slant degree of shoulder 3) the degree of protrusion of breasts and scapulae 4) the separation of front and rear board 5) space between body and clothes 6) vertical strand in the clothes Developed measuring tool is handy in un. in which points of body to be measured are small, and it has the capability of designing the high fitness for body. The measurer developed through this study is named as $\ulcorner$Somato-pattern Measurer$\lrcorner$, size paper is named$\ulcorner$Somato-pattern Paper$\lrcorner$and the pattern made by$\ulcorner$Somato-pattern Measurer$\lrcorner$is named$\ulcorner$Somato-pattern$\lrcorner$respectively by our team. The result of this study is thought to make a great contribution to solving the various problems which can be derived in the time of pattern design because of the difference of physical forms in the same size as well as the difference between the factor of size and that of form in body.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.743-753
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• 2001

This paper proposed the sizing system for womens lower clothes. The sizing system was classified according to 4 body types and 5 age groups. The size intervals of waist girth, hip girth, stature, and slacks length were 3cm, 4cm, 8cm, and 5cm respectively. Frequency distribution analyzed with waist girth, hip girth, and stature showed that the most frequent sizes were 86-100-158 in the fattest-medium length H type, 77-92-158 in the fat-short M type, 68-92-158 in the balanced-long A type, and 65-88-158 in the balanced-medium length A type. The number of the sizes for lower clothes, which had frequencies more than 4∼5%, was 33 and each size was presented with slacks length, skirt length, thigh girth, and knee girth. Also frequency distribution analyzed with waist girth, hip girth, and slacks length showed that the most frequent sizes were 86-100-90 in the fattest-medium length H type, 74-96-90 in the fat-short M type, 68-92-90 in the balanced-long A type, and 65-88-90 in the balanced-medium length A type. The sizing system classified by age group had 21 cases in the early twenties, 21 cases in the late twenties, 18 cases in the early thirties, 16 cases in the late thirties, and 8 cases in the forties. This result will contribute to clothing fitness and efficient production.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.48-62
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• 2020

Originating in South Korea, Taekwondo has been globally popular among individuals who desire to improve their health in a unique fashion. The Taekwondo uniform, one of the essential factors within the sport, needs to possess both functionality and size suitability to support dynamic movements within Taekwondo. This study investigated the development of patterns in Taekwondo uniforms by suggesting patterns that reflect physical suitability derived from appearance tests and movement functionality tests of the uniforms. More specifically, we selected a sample uniform and conducted a dressing test, which considered both the aesthetics and the functionality of the garment. Then, we considered size suitability, which allowed us to design practical Taekwondo uniform patterns that encompassed more variation in body sizes of both men and women. The result of the dressing test was that women's uniforms typically required more factors compared to men's uniforms due to women's relatively smaller physiques. Based on this result, we revised the pattern to also encompass the minor differences in uniforms between men and women. In the end, the Taekwondo uniforms for women required more modifications than those for men.