• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.91-94
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• 2009

Understanding the present condition of Oriental traditional medicine in different country is demanded for the Korean Traditional Medicine to prepare his orientation in future. Also it is not possible to separate the present condition of OTM from history of oriental medicine as a whole. This is valid for the introduction of TCM in the west. The first information have arrived in Europe by the terrestrial and maritime travelers accounts. The diplomatic way, with special reference to Jesuit fathers, has brought cultural and theoretical precise data. The physicians of East India Company and, later, of expeditionary forces, have supplied with practical data. Five periods follow one another: 1) Period when the source reached and are used in Europe. This first step is intimately involved with the use and comparison of similar factor between the two medical systems ; 2) "Discovery" and use of needles ; 3) latent period when techniques coming from acupuncture source were developed ; 4) "Chinese Acupuncture" correctly speaking ; 5) modern period or investigating period, when Eastern and Western people are trying to correlate data of traditional medicine with those of western science. In particular the actual situation from 2000.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.21-30
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• 2016

Autonomia movement that emerged in Italy in the 1960s from workerist (operaismo) communism gives historical and discursive context to Manfredo Tafuri's famous criticism of ideology. His thesis on the death of architecture was a radical criticism of Keynesian intervention which was a strategy to cope with the Great Depression. For him, this capitalist development had taken away ideological prefiguration from architecture. At least Tafuri's this early intellectual phase was formed in the wake of magazine Contrapiano and Antonio Negri's influence. Tafuri almost entirely adapted Negri's thought on the importance of capitalist innovation that was uncovered by Keynes, Schumpeter, and Manheim and the periodization in modern history. When we read Tafuri's text with this concrete context, we can avoid being plunged into his abstruseness. On the other hand, 1980's Korea cannot understand Tafuri comprehensibly. 1980's situation to struggle to acquire democracy prescribed only one mode of reception of Tafuri's historiography in Korea. Tafuri's so-called pessimist view point could not satisfy student activists. They want to take intellectual means to sustain student movement and to secure political dynamics of protest. But at the same time they have anxiety to understand tafuri's thesis that they consider ad a critical theory for Korean Architecture. Double contexts of Tafuri's criticism of ideology bring to light to historicize both Tafuri's historiography itself and reception of his text in Korea.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.23-48
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• 2007

This study begins from posing a problem, 'formal introduction of mathematical induction in school mathematics'. Most students may learn the mathematical induction at the level of instrumental understanding without meaningful understanding about its meaning and structure. To improve this didactical situation, we research on the historical progress of mathematical induction from implicit use in greek mathematics to formalization by Pascal and Fermat. And we identify various types of thinking included in the developmental process: recursion, regression, analytic thinking, synthetic thinking. In special, we focused on the role of regression in mathematical induction, and then from that role we induce the implications for teaching mathematical induction in school mathematics.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.1 no.1 s.1
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• pp.218-227
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• 1992

What is Deconstruction which is now the focus of the current architectural discussion? In order to know the Deconstruction properly, we should review the background of Modernism and Post-Modernism in architecture. As we know, the 1968's serial uprisings of democratic movement in Paris changed human concepts about art dramatically. As the result of that movement new ideas such as Structuralism, Post-structuralism, Deconstruction, and Semiotics arose. In architecture some ideas like construotioniem were not practised fully in 1920's and only the Modernism has been realized as the idea expressing the modern Utopia. In Korea situation to interprete architectural ideas into real buildings are different from those of other developed countries. Korean architects are seemed to use Deconstructionist vocabularies as fashionable styles without being concious of the root and history of Deconstruction. For Koreans the contexts are different. Although Modernism and Functionalism have been practised vigorously in Korea as other countries, the situations are ambiguous and complicated in applying new ideas introduced after Moderism. So they are in chaos. What could be our orthodox ideology to be worth pursuing in arthitecture? There are several sample works of Deconstruction in Korea done by Jo, Geon young, Kim, In Chul and Bae Byung-Gil. Aithough their works cannot be interpreted as real Deconstruction in European or american view-points, I think they are good examples of Korean Deconstruction that express contemporary Korean architecture and its social background.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.117-126
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• 2021

Songjeol-tea is a prescription that mixes alcohol with some ingredients and Songjeol[松節], and appears only in the King-Yeongjo era throughout 『Seungjeongwon Ilgi』. King Yeongjo recognized that the Songjeol-tea was an excellent prescription for the treatment of leg diseases, and took it in various ways thanks to the title of "tea" by his officials and doctors. There were many internal conflicts as King Yeongjo taking a prescription in the form of alcohol in a situation where an official who violated it was punished after issuing prohibition of drinking alcohol, and recognized the Songjeol-tea as alcohol. The officials and doctors of King Yeongjo's reign rationalized the King's actions by creating a justification for taking the Songjeol-tea to treat the disease because the king's body was related to the safety of the state.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.5.1-5.16
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• 2023

The H9N2 avian influenza (AI) has become endemic in poultry in many countries since the 1990s, which has caused considerable economic losses in the poultry industry. Considering the long history of the low pathogenicity H9N2 AI in many countries, once H9N2 AI is introduced, it is more difficult to eradicate than high pathogenicity AI. Various preventive measures and strategies, including vaccination and active national surveillance, have been used to control the Y439 lineage of H9N2 AI in South Korea, but it took a long time for the H9N2 virus to disappear from the fields. By contrast, the novel Y280 lineage of H9N2 AI was introduced in June 2020 and has spread nationwide. This study reviews the history, genetic and pathogenic characteristics, and control strategies for Korean H9N2 AI. This review may provide some clues for establishing control strategies for endemic AIV and a newly introduced Y280 lineage of H9N2 AI in South Korea.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 2022

The medical text books used during the Joseon Dynasty can be seen to change over time by examining various records. These records show that the list of medical textbooks suddenly changed a lot between the era of King Sejong and Sejo in the Joseon Dynasty. However, since there are not many studies on this topic yet, this study was conducted and the following causes of these changes were identified: The first reason is the compilation project of Euibangyoochui (醫類聚聚) because the date of compilation of Euibangyoochui is clearly related to the period of change to the list of medical textbooks. The second reason is the difficulty of the medical examination during the Joseon Dynasty. Medical tests in the Joseon Dynasty were very difficult. Therefore, it was too unrealistic to keep 25 or 26 textbooks. Third, there was the problem of supply and demand of medical textbooks. Because the prices of these books were very high at that time, owning 25 or 26 medical books for an individual was a significant financial hardship. This study was able to confirm this through various forms of circumstantial evidence. However, more historical materials should be discovered in the future and research should be conducted to more accurately grasp the situation of the time.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.271-274
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• 2005

Under competitive power markets, various long-term and short-term contracts based on spot price are used by producers and consumers. So an accurate forecasting for spot price allow market participants to develop bidding strategies in order to maximize their benefit. Artificial Neural Network is a powerful method in forecasting problem. In this paper we used Radial Basis Function(RBF) network to forecast spot price. To learn ANN, in addition to price history, we used some other effective inputs such as load level, fuel price, generation and transmission facilities situation. Results indicate that this forecasting method is accurate and useful.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.144-151
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• 1998

This paper review current situation of New Transit System (NTS) which mainly developed by the western countries. The paper classified NTS by it capacity, physical appearance, and so on. It reviewed the brief history of LRT, which became new guided transport system in terms of transport environment especially for transport handicapped. It also includes the merit of Linear Metro, which could be popular for the urban transport system. Finally, the paper prospects the future of NTS for the planning of urban transport system.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.81-87
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• 2010

1. An analysis of "GuGeupGanIBang(救急簡易方)" through Gwakran(霍亂) showed that the reference books are not concretely cited, but the symptoms are described in detail ed to let the common people understand and deal with Gwakran(霍亂) easily. It has the most detailed among Korean annotation emergency treatment books. It focuses on moxibustion and hot medicinal compress rather than acupuncture. The Korean annotation is translated in the order of the Korean language, so anyone can execute the treatments. The annotation used a lot of active verbs, so it is more of a book for the patient, not the doctor. So we can understand that this book is focused on the practical tips at an actual emergency situation. 2. "GuGeupGanIBang(救急簡易方)" is the most complete emergency treatment book and a Hangul medical book, which is scarce. It was published shortly after the invention of Hangul. It is an important material showing how terms related to medicine such as disease, prescriptions, symptoms were understood and expressed. As it is important in both medical book presswork study and Korean language study, it is designated as treasure. 3. The existing "GuGeupGanIBang(救急簡易方)" seem to be a reissued version. It is also not complete and scattered in several places. Volumes 1,2,3,6 and 7 survived, and volumes 4,5 and 8 have not been found yet.