• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.143-146
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• 1999

The cytotoxicity-guided fractionation of the seed of Plantago asiatica extracts led to the isolation of four compounds, responsible for the cytotoxicity against four human tumor cell lines, i. e., A431 (Human Epidermoid carcinoma), KHOS-NP (Human Osteosarcoma). SNU-1 (Human stomach carcinoma), SNU-C4 (Human large intestine carcinoma). The structure were elucidated by the phsyco chemical data: ${\beta}-sitosterol(C1)$, $cholest-5-en-3{\beta}-ol(C2)$, rutin(C3), $coumarin-7-O-{\beta}-glucopyranoside(C4)$. $IC_{50}$ values of compound C2 were 14.6, 13.5, 10.3, 17.8 ${\mu}g/ml$, and compound C3 and C4 showed activity, having $IC_{50}$ values ranging from 10.3 to 20.14 ${\mu}g/ml$.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.142-146
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• 2000

The aerial parts of Pergularia tomentosa L. afforded three cardenolides, desglucouzarin, coroglaucigenin and uzarigenin, in addition to ${\beta}$-sitosterol$glucoside. The isolated compounds were identified by physical and spectral means, including IR, UV, $$[{\alpha}]_D$, 1D-, 2D-NMR and FAB-MS experiments. The cardenolides, ghalakinoside, calactin and pergularoside previously reported from roots, were also identified in the aerial parts.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.604-607
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• 2005

In this study, the effect of ${\beta}$-sitosterol (SS) in the liposome bilayer on the stability of incorporated retinol was evaluated. Retinol was incorporated into liposomes consisting of various ratios of soybean phoaphatidylcholine (PC) to SS, while liposomes were prepared as multilamellar vesicles by the dehydration/rehydration method. Retinol was readily incorporated into liposomes with various SS contents, with incorporation efficiencies higher than 98% for all conditions. The incorporation efficiency of retinol increased slightly as the SS content in liposomes increased. Its average particle size also increased as the SS content increased. Mean particle size at PC to SS ratios of 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50 were 12.16, 17.57, 35.00, 40.62, 83.45, and $88.94\;{\mu}m$, respectively. Liposomal retinol degradation in aqueous solution was measured with respect to SS content at various periods of time at four different temperatures of 4, 25, 37, and $50^{\circ}C$, and the stability of the incorporated retinol enhanced as the SS content increased. At $4^{\circ}C$, for example, retinol in the liposomes of 50:50 (PC:SS) remained at 84.42% after storage for 10 days, while in 100:0 (PC/SS) it remained at 42.62%. These results indicate that SS content in liposomes played an important role in the incorporation efficiency of retinol and its stability.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.9-13
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• 2016

Micelles, which are called solubilization formulation, have been widely used in skin lotion, mist or various formulations for the purpose of solubilizing the fragrance rather than the role of the active ingredient carrier because the particles are very small. In this study, we developed the swollen micelle having a transparent appearance to deliver ${\beta}$-sitosterol. When preparing the swollen micelle, solubility parameter was considered with active ingredient. This method allowed insoluble active ingredient to be safely entrapped inside the micelles. Stability of micelle was evaluated by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The transparency and shape of the micelles were confirmed by cryo-TEM. In addition, through the thermal analysis using DSC, ${\beta}$-sitosterol was found to be stably present in the swollen micelles. These results indicate that swollen micelles considered solubility parameter could be used as a new carrier for the insoluble active ingredients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.45 no.11
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• pp.1580-1588
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• 2016

The 70% ethanol extract from Adenophora triphylla showed a strong antioxidant effect and reduced cytotoxicity of $H_2O_2$ in SK-N-SH cells. The chloroform fraction from A. triphylla extract (AT-CH) among the six fractions showed strong DPPH radical and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger effects and the highest protective effect against $H_2O_2$-induced SK-N-SH cell death. Bioactivity compounds were purified from AT-CH, and the chemical structures of the compounds were determined as ${\beta}$-sitosterol and daucosterol on the basis of $^1H-NMR$, $^{13}C-NMR$, and EI mass spectra. ${\beta}$-Sitosterol and daucosterol also had protective effects against oxidative stress in SK-N-SH cells. Phospho-p38 MAPK levels were elevated by $H_2O_2$ but were inhibited by treatment with AT-CH and phytosterols (${\beta}$-sitosterol and daucosterol) isolated from AT-CH. These results suggest that AT-CH has brain neuroprotective effects against oxidative stress ($H_2O_2$) by inhibiting activation of p38 pathways and scavenging intracellular ROS.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.41 no.spc
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• pp.99-106
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• 2008

We examined the effects of crude and eight pure material (${\beta}$-sitosterol, ${\beta}$-sitosterol-${\beta}$-D-glucoside, 1-tetratriacontanol, hentriacontane, orizaterpenoid, stigmas-5-en-$3{\alpha}$ 26-diacetate, stearic acid, myristic acid), extracted from rice hull, on growth inhibition of toxic cyanobacterium, Microcystis aeruginosa NIER 10010. Strains of M. aeruginosa and Daphnia magna, obtained from the NIER (Korea) and BBE (Germany), were cultured in the CB medium with hard water. For all four treatment concentrations 0, 10, 100 and $1,000{\mu}g\;L^{-1}$) of the crude extract, the cell number of M. aeruginosa was reduced by $59{\sim}73%$ during the 7-day test period. Among eight kinds of pure extracts, ${\beta}$-sitosterol-${\beta}$-D-glucoside, hentriacontane and orizaterpenoid $(1,000{\mu}g\;L^{-1})$ exhibited relatively higher growth inhibition compared with other pure extracts. The mixture of three pure extracts (${\beta}$-sitosterol-${\beta}$-D-glucoside, hentriacontane and orizaterpenoid) showed the highest growth inhibition at $1,000{\mu}g\;L^{-1}$. Therefore, the synergistic effect was significantly highlighted by a mixture of the three pure extracts (p<0.05). Under the condition of $1,000{\mu}g\;L^{-1}$ in the crude extracts, D. magna exhibited survival rate by >85% for 96 hours. In conclusion, the growth inhibition of M. aeruginosa was probably attributed to the synergistic effect of various compounds extracted from the rice hull.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.41-44
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• 2005

Chemical investigation of the aerial parts of Chloranthus japonicus Sieb. led to the isolation a new compound, 9-hydroxy heterogorgiolide (1) and $isofraxidin-7-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$ (2), the isolation of which is reported for the first time from this plant, along with the known components, ${\beta}-sitosterol,\;{\beta}-sitosterol-3-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$, palmitic acid and octacosanoic acid. The structures of compound 1 and 2 were determined on the basis of spectroscopic data including two dimensional NMR and high resolution MS.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 1995

In the course of evaluation of hepatoprotective components against alcohol-induced toxicity from Aloe spp., the methanol extract was found to cause a significant inhibition of rat liver cytosolic alcohol dehydrogenase activity. Systematic fractionation of active tractions monitored by bioassay led to isolation of four compounds; aloe-emodin, aloenin, ethylidene-aloenin and ${\beta}-sitosterol$, which were estimated as active principles for inhibition of c-ADH and c-ALDH activities in vitro.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.69-73
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• 2004

Continuation of a phytochemical study of Cichorium intybus L. (Astraceae) growing in Egypt, resulted in the isolation and identification of a new sesquiterpene lactone 3,4-dihydrolactucin, in addition to the eight known compounds; kaempferol, isoscutellarin, cichoriin, umbelliferone, lupeol, lupeol acetate, ${\beta}-sitosterol$, and ${\beta}-sitosterol-3-O-glucoside$. Chemical structures of the isolated compounds were assigned based on different physical, chemical, and spectroscopic techniques including IR, UV, MS, 1D- and 2D-NMR spectra. Furthermore, the antimicrobial, and spasmogenic activities of some fractions and isolates were also assessed.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.137-144
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• 2013

Phytochemical constituents were isolated from the seeds of tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) by open column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated as ${\beta}$-sitosterol (1), ${\beta}$-sitosterol-3-O-glucoside (2), oleanolic acid (3), kaempferol (4), quercetin (5), kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (6), and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (7) on the basis of spectroscopic analysis including $^1H$-, $^{13}C$-NMR, and MS. To our knowledge, oleanolic acid (3) has been isolated for the first time from the seeds of Fagopyrum species. The total contents of compounds 4 - 7 were 0.500 mg/g in Daesan maemil, 0.312 mg/g in Yangjul maemil, and 2.185 mg/g in tartary buckwheat.