• 신재생에너지
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.94-104
• /
• 2008

The change of water discharge capability of sluice caisson for tidal power plant according to installation of the rubble mound was investigated by performing laboratory experiment. The experiment was carried out in an open channel flume with a great care to measure flow rate and water level in the flume accurately. Eight different sluice caisson models were used in the experiment. The water discharge capabilities of seven sluice models decreased with respect to the placement of the rubble mound, while increased for only one sluice model. On average, the values of discharge coefficient decreased by approximately 10% when the sluice models were placed on the rubble mound. It is concluded that the shape of the rubble mound can affect the water discharge capability of the sluice caisson, so that its shape should be significantly considered in the design of the sluice caisson, especially when it is deployed in a site of relatively deeper depth.

• 전산구조공학
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.109-115
• /
• 1990

국내 풍하중의 합리적인 확률모형을 개발하기 위하여 전국 25개 지역에서 수집된 풍속자료를 일관성을 가지도록 측정높이, 노풍도, 측정시간등에 대한 보정을 실시하여 이용하였다. 풍하중의 활률특성에 영향을 미치는 요소로는 풍속, 풍력계수, 속도압계수, 가스트계수 등의 확률특성이 고려되었다. 풍하중을 결정하는 각종 계수들의 확률특성으로부터 풍하중의 확률특성을 분석하기 위해서 널리 이용되는 Monte Carlo Simulation기법을 이용하였다. 풍하중의 확률분포로는 풍속과 같이 Gumbel의 Type-I 극한값 분포를 적용하였으며 simulation결과에서 상부 10%만을 이용하였다. 또한 어떤 특정 구조물에 최대풍속이 가장 불리한 방향에서 발생할 확률이 낮은 것을 고려하여 감소계수 0.85를 적용하여 모형화하였다.

• 한국재료학회지
• /
• 제27권8호
• /
• pp.416-421
• /
• 2017

V-substituted $SrTiO_3$ thermoelectric oxide materials were fabricated by the conventional solid state reaction method. From X-ray diffraction pattern analysis, it can be clearly seen that almost every vanadium atom incorporated into the $SrTiO_3$ provided charge carriers. The electrical conductivity ${\sigma}$, Seebeck coefficient S, and thermal conductivity k were investigated in a high temperature regime above 1000 K. The addition of vanadium significantly reduced the thermal conductivity and enhanced the Seebeck coefficient, as well as the electrical conductivity, thus enhancing the ZT value. A maximum ZT value of 0.084 at 673 K was observed for the sample with 1.0 mole% of vanadium substitution. In this study, the reason for the enhanced thermoelectric properties via vanadium addition was also investigated.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제2권3호
• /
• pp.193-199
• /
• 1993

This study has two objectives. One is developing the runoff model for Hoe-Dong Reservoir basin located at the upstream of Su-Young River in Pusan. To develop the runoff model, basic hydrological parameters - curve number to find effective rainfall, and storage coefficient, etc. - should be estimated. In this study, the effective rainfall was calculated by the SCS method, and the storage coefficient used in the Clark watershed routing was cited from the report of P.E.B. The other is the derivation of transfer function for Hoe-Dong Reservoir basin. The linear, discrete, input-output model which contained six parameters was selected, and the parameters were estimated by the least square method and the correlation function method, respectively. Throughout this study, rainfall and flood discharge data were based on the field observation in 1981.8.22 - 8.23 (typhoon Gladys). It was observed that the Clark watershed routing regenerated the flood hydrograph of typhoon Gladys very well, and this fact showed that the estimated hydrological parameters were relatively correct. Also, the calculated hydrograph by the linear, discrete, input-output model showed good agreement with the regenerated hydrograph at Hoe-Dong Dam site, so this model can be applicable to other small urban areas. Key Words : runoff, effective rainfall, SCS method, clark watershed iou상ng, hydrological parameters, parameter estimation, least square method, correlation function method, input-output model, typhoon gladys.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2002년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
• /
• pp.183-186
• /
• 2002

The objective of this study is to predict behavior of a contaminant plume and concentration of contaminants in soil through tile relations between the concentrations of contaminants in groundwater and in soil on the shallow sandy aquifer contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons. The current state of the plume and its fate in the study area was simulated by using the MODFLOW-RT3D model and geochemical parameters of grounwater had been monitored and measured during 3 years (1999~2001). The relations between the concentrations of contaminants in each medium were taken from the investigation of site characterization conducted in 1999. Simulation results showed the center of the plume would migrate 407m twenty years later. At that time, the concentration would be decreased down to about 26 mg/$\ell$(93%). In comparison TEX concentration in the groundwater with that in the soil, the value of correlation coefficient (r=0.876) was as high as it could be used. Based on the high r-value, the linear equation was obtained from regression analysis. The results of model simulation by RT3D engine showed that the highest TEX concentration in the groundwater would be 58.8 mg/$\ell$ 16 years later, and then the TEX concentration in soil would be below the alarming level (80 mg/kg) of regulation criteria.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.132-137
• /
• 2018

Compared with general rivers, fluctuations of the water level and the river bed are severe in the tidal river. In hydro-dynamic aspect, such fluctuation gives different river-bed data to us according to observing period. The time-dependent river-bed data and pre-estimation of the Manning's roughness coefficient which is the key factor of numerical modelling induces uncertainty of evaluating the design flood level. Thus it is necessary to pay more attention to calculate the flood level at tidal rivers than at general rivers. In this study, downstream of the Imjin River where is affected by tide of the West Sea selected as a study site. From the numerical modelling, it was shown that the unsteady simulation gave considerable mitigation of the water level from the starting point to 15 km upstream compared to the steady simulation. Either making a detention pond or optional dredging was not effective to mitigate the flood level at Gugok - Majung region where is located in the downstream of the Imjin River. Therefore, a more sophisticated approach is required to evaluate the design flood level estimation before constructive measures adopted in general rivers when establishing the flood control plan in a tidal river.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.119-130
• /
• 2012

Heat island phenomena in Chuncheon (Korea) were investigated using air temperature measured by automatic weather stations and temperature dataloggers located at rural and urban sites. Numerical simulation of the phenomena was performed using Weather Research and Forecasting Urban Canopy Model (WRF-UCM) and results were compared with the observation. The model was initialized with NCEP/FNL data. The horizontal resolution of the fine domain is 0.33 km. The results of observational analyses show that the intensity of heat island was significantly higher during the nighttime than during the daytime. The highest measured temperature difference between rural and urban site is $3.49^{\circ}C$ and average temperature difference varies between 1.4 and $1.9^{\circ}C$. Good agreement was found between the simulated and observed temperatures. However, significantly overestimated wind speed was found at the urban sites. The linear regression analysis between observed and simulated temperature shows high correlation coefficient 0.96 for urban and 0.94 for rural sites while for wind speed, a very low correlation coefficient was found, 0.30 and 0.55 respectively.

• 환경위생공학
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.77-84
• /
• 1999

Most river quality problems are generated by pollutants which are discharged into the river as a consequence of human activities. And eutrophication occurs when water is over enriched with nutrients, principally nitrate and phosphate. Both these nutrients are found in many waste products, especially sewage even when the waste is treated. Eutrophication is concerned in lakes, but it also causes problems in river. Wide growth of Phytoplankton in rivers, leads to blockage of channels, but the main concern is deoxygenation because of the increase in plant life's demand for oxygen in revers. Fish, plant and animals die due to lack of oxygen. The increase of algae floating on the tops of water looks ugly and has attracted public attention and concern in recent years. One way of controlling eutrophication is to restrict the amount of waste carrying nitrate or phosphate from entering the water in the first place. another way is to remove it from the water after it has been entered. This study was carried out to investigate on the trophic state, nutrients and Chlorophyll-a concentration in the Han River. The results were as follows:1. Concentrations of total nitrogen were 2.208~9.221(5.133)mg/$\ell$2. Concentrations of total phosphate were 0.045~0.614(0.195)mg/$\ell$3. Chlorophyll-a concentration were $0.0-25.3(9.6)mg/m^3$.4. The correlation coefficient between T-P and Chlorophyll-a concentration was r=-0.856 at Sungsan sampling site.5. The correlation coefficient was r=-0.578~-0.767, between Paldang Dam outflow and Chlorophyll-a concentration at all sampling sites.

• 연구논문집
• /
• 통권29호
• /
• pp.5-15
• /
• 1999

Present study deals with performance analysis of an inert gas generator (IGG) which is to be used as an effective mean to suppress the fire. The IGG uses a turbo jet cycle gas turbine engine to generate inert gas for fire extinguishing. It is generally known that a lesser degree of oxygen content in the product of combustion will increase the effectiveness of fire suppressing. An inert gas generator system with water injection will bring advantages of suffocating and cooling effects which are considered as vital factors for fire extinguishing. As the inert gas is injected to the burning site, it lowers the oxygen content of the air surrounding the flame as well as reduces the temperature around the fire as the vapour in the inert gas evaporates during the time of spreading. Some important aspects of influencing parameters, such as, air excess coefficient. $\alpha$, compressor pressure ratio, $ pi_c$, air temperature before combustion chamber, $T_2$, gas temperature after combustion chamber, $T_3$, mass flow rate of water injection, $M_w$, etc., on the performance of IGG system are investigated. Calculations of total amount of water needed to reduce the turbine exit temperature to pre-set nozzle exit temperature employing a heat exchanger were made to compare the economics of the system. A heat exchanger with two step cooling by water and steam is considered to be better than water cooling only. Computer programs were developed to perform the cycle analysis of the IGG system and heat exchanger considered in the present study.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.107-121
• /
• 2002

본 연구의 주된 목적은 지리정보체계(GIS, Geographic Information System) 기법을 활용하여 대규모매립지반의 장기적인 침하관리를 보다 효율적으로 수행할 수 있는 새로운 접근방법을 제시함에 있으며, 또한 제시된 GIS 기법 등을 활용하여 선행재하공법이 적용된 인턴국제공항 부지 전체연약층의 향후 예상침하량을 추정하여 보았다. 이 과정에서 공사 중 및 현재까지 측정된 다양한 침하량 계측자료가 분석되었으며, 아울러 Nagaraj 등의 이론을 토대로 한 재압축 지수의 산정과 Mesri & Godlewski가 제시한 과압밀상태에서의 2차압밀계수재압축지수 사이의 비를 정의하는 관계식 등을 토대로 2차압밀계수의 결정이 이루어 졌다.